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Biomedical subjects

P J Tyrer

Publications and source records attributed to P J Tyrer.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Controlled comparison of day-hospital and outpatient treatment for neurotic disorders.

106 patients with anxiety, phobic, and depressive neuroses referred to the outpatient clinics of 6 psychiatrists were randomly assigned to outpatient care or two forms of psychiatric day care. Ratings of symptoms and social adjustment were recorded before treatment and after 4 and 8 months in 89 patients. There were no important differences in the outcome of day care and outpatient treatment although patients were more satisfied with the outpatient service. Because outpatient care is more economical of time and personnel it should be preferred to psychiatric day care for many neurotic disorders.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1979

Comparative reliability of categorical and analogue rating scales in the assessment of psychiatric symptomatology.

The reliability of 26 items from the ninth edition of the Present State Examination (PSE) was assessed using both the conventional categorical scales and separately constructed analogue scales. Reliability was also calculated when the analogue responses were rescaled down to 2, 3 and 4 categories. The levels of inter-rater agreement obtained were comparable to those achieved in previous studies of PSE reliability, although as expected the levels of agreement on audiotapes were greater than those for independent interviews performed on the same day. These levels were not significantly affected by any of the changes in scale format, but there were apparent differences in reliability depending on the statistics used. In selecting or constructing a psychiatric rating scale, the question of reliability should not influence the choice of a categorical or continuous scale, or the number of scored points in the scale.

Psychiatric Status Rating Scales↗
PubMed1978

Plasma concentrations of diazepam and desmethyldiazepam during chronic diazepam therapy.

1 Plasma concentrations of diazepam and its metabolite, desmethyldiazepam, have been measured in both in- and out-patient groups treated with diazepam for periods varying between 1 month and 10 years. 2 The diazepam concentration was directly related to the dose of diazepam ingested and inversely related to the age of the patient. 3 A highly significant relationship was obtained between the concentration of desmethyldiazepam and diazepam. 4 The plasma concentrations of both diazepam and its metabolite were independent of sex, duration fo therapy and patient group.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Centrol and peripheral correlates of anxiety: a comparative study.

Physiological measurements and mood ratings were recorded in 32 normal subjects at rest and under differing stressful conditions designed to induce anxiety. The physiological measurements were recorded simultaneously using a polygraph and on-line computer analysis; these comprised the peripheral measurements of pulse rate, skin conductance, spontaneous fluctuations in skin conductance, respiratory rate, and finger tremor, and the central measurements of resting electroencephalogram and averaged evoked potentials to an auditory stimulus. Mood rating were recorded using analogue rating scales, the 16 scores obtained being reduced to three mood factors. Correlations were calculated between the mood factors and each of the physiological measurements. The highest correlations were between the anxiety factor and the central measurements, particularly the proportion of electroencephalographic activity between 7.5 and 13.0 Hz, and the latencies of the secondary components of the evoked response. The peripheral measurements correlated rather less well with mood, but skin conductance and fluctuations in skin conductance, pulse rate, and tremor near the peak frequency of 9 Hz all correlated significantly with anxiety. Only two correlations were greater than 0.4, illustrating that no measure was a specific index of anxiety. Refinement of central rather than peripheral measurements is likely to lead to closer correlations with anxiety and other mood states.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1975

Genetical components of physiological tremor.

Pysiological tremor was measured in 14 pairs of monozygotic twins, 14 pairs of dizygotic twins, and 14 pairs of control subjects matched for age and sex. Postural finger tremor was measured in each pair using a sub-miniature accelerometer and subjecting the amplified signals to power spectral analysis. Significant genetical influences were found for the proportion of tremore at frequencies near the peak frequency of 9-10 Hz. No genetical effects were found at other frequencies or for the absolute amount of tremore. The results suggest that physiological tremor between 8 and 13 Hz is genetically influenced and that tremor at these frequencies is determined by different mechanisms than those at other frequencies.

Adolescent↗