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P J Walters

Publications and source records attributed to P J Walters.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Recommended guide to the evaluation of permanent impairment of the temporomandibular joint.

This paper provides a method to evaluate the extent of permanent injury to the temporomandibular joint. The authors, working as the Committee on Permanent Impairment for the American Academy of Head, Facial, Neck Pain and TMJ Orthopedics, have used the same values as the American Medical Association has used in their Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment for other disk-protected and functional joints. These Guides may then serve as a tool to help physicians and dentists who treat temporomandibular joint injuries to rate the degree of permanent injury. These Guides may be combined with other areas of impairment that are already described and valued in the Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment published by the AMA. These Guides provide a range and each injury should be evaluated on an individual basis. We urge you to use these Guides conservatively and in harmony with good clinical judgement.

Disability Evaluation↗
PubMed1988

Effects of immobilization on the isometric contractile properties of embryonic avian skeletal muscle.

Chicken embryos were chronically immobilized by applying a neuromuscular blocking agent, curare, to the chorioallantoic membrane from day 8 through day 16 of incubation to study the effects of a deficit in motor activity on the development of contractile properties of skeletal muscle. Compared with control embryos, spontaneous embryonic motor activity was depressed by 60 to 90% in the curare-treated animals during the treatment period. Growth of the posterior latissimus dorsi muscle, a fast-twitch muscle in the adult, was greatly affected by immobilization. The average blotted mass of the muscles from curare-treated 18- to 19-day embryos was approximately 20% of that from control embryos. The isometric contractile properties of posterior latissimus dorsi muscles isolated from control and curare-treated embryos were compared at 18 to 19 days of incubation. The times to peak tension and to one-half relaxation of the twitch and tetanic responses were significantly greater for the muscles from the immobilized embryos. The peak twitch and tetanic tensions, normalized for muscle cross-sectional area, were significantly less than control values for the muscles from curare-treated embryos. The maximal rate of tetanic tension production was, however, unaffected by immobilization. The results of this study demonstrate that the development of isometric contractile properties of embryonic skeletal muscle is significantly altered by an experimentally induced reduction of spontaneous motor activity. A disruption in the functional development of the sarcoplasmic reticulum following a similar decrease in motor activity, as reported by others, is discussed as a potential mechanism for the altered contractile properties of muscles from the curare-treated embryos.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Videofluoroscopy during arthrography of the temporomandibular joint.

A dynamic approach to evaluation of the temporomandibular joint is described. By combining videofluoroscopy with arthrography, the authors were able to demonstrate anterior displacement with capture by the condyle, anterior dislocation, perforation of the meniscus, and fibrosis. This technique provides clinical information about the position of the meniscus and its integrity with minimal patient discomfort.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Intraoral biopsy of the parotid gland.

Although biopsy of the parotid gland is occasionally necessary for diagnostic purposes, surgeons hesitate to perform a biopsy because of the possible adverse effects, such as facial scarring or damage to facial nerves. An intraoral technique was used for biopsy of a parotid gland of a young woman. The procedure was successful; a diagnosis was made and there was no facial scarring. The potential hazards must be weighed against the benefits.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Sjögren's syndrome.

The diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome, a multi-systemic disease, is often difficult. Sialography is useful; however, biopsy of labial salivary glands is a simple procedure that aids significantly in arriving at a positive diagnosis. Treatment of the disease is usually on the basis of symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modified mandibular swing procedure for resection of carcinoma of the oropharynx.

For most patients, the primary approach to carcinoma of the oropharynx has been with radiotherapy. We describe a modification of a mandibular swing procedure for resection of oropharyngeal lesions. This modification included a mandibulotomy that began in a staircase manner in the midline and extended laterally toward the ramus of the mandible to protect a long, fixed dental bridge. It also included the preservation of the mental nerve by unroofing the mandibular canal. No morbidity was associated with this procedure.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analgesic efficacy of low-dose ibuprofen in dental extraction pain.

A single-dose, double-blind, randomized, parallel trial was conducted to compare the analgesic efficacy of oral ibuprofen (I) 100, 200, or 400 mg, aspirin (ASA) 650 mg, and placebo in moderate to severe pain after extraction of impacted teeth. Subjective, self-evaluated pain intensity and pain relief reports, hourly for 6 hours, were used as indexes of analgesic response. Data on 227 evaluable patients showed significant differences among the 4 active treatments and placebo (p less than 0.001) by most measurements of analgesia. Although no consistent, significant differences were observed among the active drugs, I 400 mg performed the best, followed by I 200 mg, ASA 650 mg, and I 100 mg. Remedication was required by 59% patients receiving I 400 mg, 67% taking I 200 mg, 73% taking ASA 650 mg, 74% taking I 100 mg, and 96% receiving placebo. Differences between I 400 mg and I 100 mg were significant for remedication data (p less than 0.05). Side effects were minor, infrequent, and not dose related. In this study, I 100 mg was distinctly superior to placebo and probably as effective as ASA 650 mg in relieving pain. Only a shallow dose response of ibuprofen was observed.

Administration, Oral↗