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Biomedical subjects

P J Weiss

Publications and source records attributed to P J Weiss.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Initial low CD4 lymphocyte counts in recent human immunodeficiency virus infection and lack of association with identified coinfections.

Initial CD4 lymphocyte counts were studied in 244 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroconversion. The CD4 cell counts at initial presentation after seroconversion were normally distributed (mean, 579/mm3; SD, 252). The mean percentage of CD4 cells was 26.1% (SD, 5.6). CD4 cell counts were < 500/mm3 in 41% and < 200/mm3 in 4%. The mean calculated duration of HIV infection was 7.7 months, which was not significantly different between the highest and lowest CD4 count quartiles (8.1 vs. 7.9). Age, sex, race, and serologic evidence of toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B, syphilis, and varicella-zoster virus were not associated with initial low CD4 cell counts; however, never-married men were significantly overrepresented in the lowest quartile. These findings suggest that extensive CD4 lymphocyte depletion is common in early HIV infection and that frequent screening is necessary to identify newly infected patients who would benefit from antiretroviral therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Risk of ventricular dysrhythmias during 1-hour infusions of amphotericin B in patients with preserved renal function.

In order to assess the safety of 1-h infusions of amphotericin B (AMB), we prospectively monitored 213 1-h infusions of AMB (dose range, 0.27 to 0.89 mg/kg of body weight) in 27 patients with creatinine clearances of > 25 ml/min. Holter monitor tracings during 1-h infusions were compared with those during a 4-h baseline period of monitoring. There were no ventricular dysrhythmias during 1-h infusions of AMB that were not present during baseline monitoring. Nausea and/or rigors were noted for 32 (15%) infusions in six (22%) patients. No patient exhibited a temperature rise of > 1 degree C. We conclude that, in doses of up to 0.9 mg/kg, AMB does not appear to induce asymptomatic ventricular dysrhythmias when administered over 1 h to patients with creatinine clearances of > 25 ml/min.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Large erythematous patch as the presenting manifestation of meningococcemia.

Meningococcemia commonly presents with a petechial rash and a transient macular or papular rash is sometimes present. This report describes a patient with meningococcemia who presented with an atypical erythematous patch over the right hemithorax, petechial rash, and a normal platelet count. The patient was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics and his condition rapidly improved. He was discharged showing complete resolution of his rash with no neurologic sequelae.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Design of custom hip stem prostheses using three-dimensional CT modeling.

Long life expectancy, demand for high activity levels, and bone loss at the time of revision motivate the search for reliable and successful noncemented hip stem designs. It is hypothesized that improved implant fit may increase the longevity of noncemented total joints. Quantitative X-ray CT has enabled the use of a computerized stem design program, which designs an optimal-fit hip stem for individual femurs. Computed tomography and interactive image processing methods are used to generate the individual three-dimensional femoral models, which are used by the stem design program. Optimal-fit design provides maximum stem-bone contact while satisfying the requirement of being surgically insertable. Previous methods of custom implant design, including those that use three-dimensional CT modeling, have not provided optimal stem-bone fit. Quantitative results of this new process are presented.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of CT techniques for reducing artifacts in the presence of metallic orthopedic implants.

Metallic intramedullary orthopedic implants generate artifacts that can markedly degrade transaxial CT images. The artifacts, typically seen as starburst streaking, result primarily from reconstructions involving missing projection data. Two approaches are clinically available to reduce the artifacts around orthopedic implants. These are (a) the imaging of implants with lower attenuation coefficients or smaller path lengths (less attenuating objects) and (b) the planar reformatting of image data. The sizing accuracy of these two approaches was quantified using phantoms and the efficacy using cadaveric femoral specimens. Results demonstrated that metal artifacts may be reduced and accurate bony dimensional data obtained.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fulminant endocarditis due to infection with penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Endocarditis is a rare but potentially lethal manifestation of gonococcal infection. We report the case of a patient with fulminant endocarditis secondary to infection with penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG). The patient had rapid deterioration from extensive destruction of the aortic valve with abscess and fistula formation. Lifesaving emergency surgery was performed. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of gonococcal endocarditis secondary to infection with a penicillinase-producing organism.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pyrogen testing.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗