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Biomedical subjects

P Jess

Publications and source records attributed to P Jess.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The personality patterns in patients with duodenal ulcer and ulcer-like dyspepsia and their relationship to the course of the diseases. Hvidovre Ulcer Project Group.

OBJECTIVES: To compare personality characteristics in duodenal ulcer patients and patients with ulcer-like dyspepsia from the primary health sector with duodenal ulcer patients from a hospital and to evaluate the relationship of the personality characteristics to the course of the diseases. DESIGN: A prospective study using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) with retesting of a subgroup of patients after a median observation period of 14 months. SETTING: Departments of Medical and Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre University Hospital, and the primary health sector in Roskilde County, Denmark. SUBJECTS: Sixty hospital patients with duodenal ulceration and 17 patients with duodenal ulceration plus 25 patients with ulcer-like dyspepsia from the primary health sector. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: MMPI scores. RESULTS: The hospital patients differed from the two other groups of patients by having higher scores of depression and anxiety (P < 0.05). Twenty-eight of the patients were retested with MMPI. Contrary to the patients with persisting complaints, abnormal personality characteristics disappeared in patients without complaints (P < 0.05-0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that abnormal personality characteristics in patients with functional and organic upper dyspepsia are consequential rather than causal factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The validity of Eysenck's neuroticism dimension within the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory in patients with duodenal ulcer. The Hvidovre Ulcer Project Group.

A psychometric analysis on patients with duodenal ulcer using latent structure coefficients (Loevinger and Mokken) showed that the MMPI subscales of depression, psychasthenia, hypochondriasis, hysteria, schizophrenia and social introversion all could be considered as indicators of Eysenck's dimension of neuroticism. Both a MMPI neuroticism scale of 15 items (MMPI/N-15) and of 21 items (MMPI/N-21) were psychometrically valid, i.e. the total score was a sufficient statistic. Patients with duodenal ulcer who improved during treatment also had a significant decrease in their neuroticism scores, whereas patients who did not improve had unchanged neuroticism scores. In other words, neuroticism is secondary to the clinical symptoms of duodenal ulcer (a psychological adjustment to illness) and not an etiological factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Gastric acid secretion in relation to personality, affect and coping ability in duodenal ulcer patients. A multivariate analysis. Hvidovre Ulcer Project Group.

The role of personality, mood state (affect) and coping ability (ego strength) on basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion were assessed in 56 duodenal ulcer patients using the Minnesota, Multiphasic Personality Inventory. The patients had high scores on most MMPI scales, but basal acid output was related significantly only to the hypochondriasis scale and the validity scale L. Peak acid output was related significantly only to the validity scale L. Both basal and peak acid output were related significantly, but positively to coping ability. No relations were found to mood state. The personality disorders found in peptic ulcer patients may evidently be consequences of the disease rather than causal factors.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

[Surgical interventions in ulcer diseases in Denmark. A questionnaire study].

Surgical practice in the treatment of peptic ulceration in Denmark is illustrated by means of a questionnaire. The percentage of replies was 96. The investigation reveals that the predominant method of elective surgery for duodenal ulceration is still proximal gastric vagotomy rather than vagotomy+antrectomy. In elective surgery for prepyloric ulcer, vagotomy+antrectomy is employed most frequently and for elective operation for gastric ulcer partial gastric resection. In operative interventions for complications of ulceration such as haemorrhage and perforation, the operative strategy appears to be determined by the difficult current possibilities for training in ulcer surgery to a not inconsiderable extent, rather than to be based on a rational scientific basis as the definitive intervention here is replaced to a great extent by minor interventions such as simple undersewing of a bleeding gastric ulcer followed by H2-blocker treatment and simple closure of a perforated duodenal ulcer.

Denmark↗
PubMed1992

Phaeochromocytoma--an unusual cause of haematuria.

A patient was admitted to hospital because of haematuria. A papillomatous bladder tumor was removed. Histological examination revealed a phaeochromocytoma. Fourteen days postoperatively the urinary excretion rates of catecholamines were elevated but normalized afterwards. Abdominal computed tomography and metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy were normal. No hypertension or characteristic micturitional attacks preceded removal of the tumor.

Cystoscopy↗
PubMed1991

[Testicular schistosomiasis].

A case of testicular schistosomiasis, simulating malignancy, in a 13 year old Nigerian boy is reported. In patients from endemic areas with testicular tumors, this differential diagnosis should be borne in mind. At operation, a freezemicroscopic examination should be done to save the testicle, if possible, as in this case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Granulomas of the appendix: is it Crohn's disease?

An epidemiologic study was performed 1) to estimate the occurrence of epithelioid granulomas in the appendix wall among patients in whom an appendectomy had been performed, 2) to identify patients with granulomas in the appendix who had symptoms and history compatible with Crohn's disease, and 3) to estimate the long-term prognosis. Within a 5-year period 6051 patients in Copenhagen County underwent appendectomy. Six patients (0.1%) had epithelioid granulomas of the appendix (0.2 per 10(5) inhabitants per year). Follow-up of the six patients for 9-11 years (median, 9.5 years) showed that all had been free of gastrointestinal symptoms since the operation. Among the 373 patients diagnosed as having Crohn's disease in Copenhagen County between 1962 and 1987, 3 patients had their disease initially confined to the appendix. Follow-up in these patients showed no recurrence within a median of 6 years (range, 4-7 years). Patients with epithelioid granulomas of the appendix have an excellent long-term prognosis, which could be explained by the fact that the condition seems to be unrelated to Crohn's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Testicular schistosomiasis simulating malignancy. Case report.

A case is reported on a 13-year-old boy with schistosomiasis in his right testis, simulating a malignant tumor. The tumor was excised, and since freeze-microscopy showed granulomatosis without malignancy, the testis was saved. Schistosomiasis is shortly reviewed. It is emphasized, that testicular involvement is rare.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Late postoperative wound infection].

In a retrospective study during the last ten years of postoperative wound infections, six cases of late infections were found with a maximum latency of 30 years. A combination of non-absorbable suture materials together with underlying disease seems to have initiated the late formation of wound abscesses. The use of non-absorbable suture seems to involve a life long risk of infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

The personality pattern of duodenal ulcer patients in relation to spontaneous ulcer healing and relapse.

One hundred consecutive out-patients with duodenal ulceration from a hospital and a gastroenterological clinic were tested with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). This was carried out in order to investigate whether neuroticism or other personality disorders were characteristics of duodenal ulcer patients, and whether the presence of such possible personality disorders might influence the prognosis of the disease. Neuroticism occurred in 53% of the patients, but only in 5% of controls (P less than 0.0001). Overall, personality disorders were present in 69% of the patients compared with 30% of the controls (P less than 0.0001). Neuroticism was connected with a high frequency of relapse (P less than 0.05) whereas failure of spontaneous ulcer healing had no certain relation to personality disorders. Patients with non-neurotic personality disorders had more frequently suffered stressful life events before entrance to the study (P less than 0.05) and, like the neurotic patients, they had lower ego-strength to cope with such events (P less than 0.05). The results indicate that personality assessments make it possible to distinguish between subgroups of duodenal ulcer patients with different course of the disease.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1987

Randomised study of the influence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the treatment of peptic ulcer in patients with rheumatic disease.

Sixty-seven patients with rheumatic disease, treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), entered a controlled trial with a diagnosis of duodenal (n = 51), gastric (n = 14), or gastric and duodenal (n = 2) ulcers. The main objectives of the study were a comparison of ranitidine and sucralfate in ulcer treatment, and to observe the influence of continued NSAID administration during peptic ulcer therapy. Ulcers healed within nine weeks in 52 patients. The mean healing time was similar in 27 patients given ranitidine 150 mg bd (4.9 weeks) and 25 patients given sucralfate 1 g qid (4.6 weeks). In patients with unhealed ulcers after nine weeks of treatment, healing was obtained in seven after further therapy for 3-9 weeks. Of the 30 patients who continued NSAIDs during treatment with either ranitidine or sucralfate, 23 ulcers healed (mean healing time: 5.0 weeks). Of 32 patients in whom NSAIDs were stopped, ulcer healing was documented in 29 (mean healing time: 4.6 weeks). The difference in healing rates was not statistically significant (p greater than 0.10). The outcome of ulcer treatment did not differ in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and patients suffering from osteoarthritis. During a 12 month follow up 14 symptomatic ulcer recurrences were recorded.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Psychological and physical long-term effects of torture. A follow-up examination of 22 Greek persons exposed to torture 1967-1974.

After an observation period of about 10 years a follow-up examination was made of 22 Greeks earlier exposed to torture. All had physical symptoms and about 90% of the examinees had chronic psychological symptoms which had appeared after the torture experience, the most notable of which were emotional instability, depression, passivity, fatigue and disturbed sleep. Eight of the victims had a chronic organic psychosyndrome as defined by us. The clinical picture of the torture victims is very similar to other stress-conditioned syndromes, which underlines the significance of the psychological trauma for the pathogenesis. Certain physical symptoms can be related to specific forms of torture; in this series particularly, symptoms of the feet and lower extremities can be related to 'falanga' (repeated blows to the soles of the feet). The most noticeable objective finding was unilateral atrophy of testis in 2 of the examinees caused in all probability by genital torture. Treatment of the sequelae to torture should be initiated as early as possible in the course of the illness, and studies on the effect of this treatment should be carried out.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Mortality in thoracic empyema.

With a view of elucidating factors influencing mortality in patients with thoracic empyema, which varies widely (10-50%) in reported case series, a retrospective analysis was made. The series comprised 259 patients treated for thoracic empyema at Bispebjerg Hospital in the period 1965-1980. The mortality was 33% in the total case series, 61% when the underlying pathology was malignant and 25% when it was benign. As malignancy was apparently cured in only 17% of the cases, the investigation was focused on the 200 patients with benign conditions underlying the empyema. The mortality then ranged from nil in spontaneous pneumothorax and thoracic trauma to 50% in lung abscess. Most of the patients with empyema were elderly, but there was no clear difference in mortality between younger and older groups. Concomitant, other disease was present in 80% of the patients who died, but in only 40% of the survivors. Mortality showed no significant difference in relation to primary treatment. Staphylococcus aureus was statistically predominant among the fatal cases. It is concluded that empyema occurring, as in the present study, mainly in elderly and enfeebled patients, is a serious complication with high mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Toxicity of chlorhexidine irrigation in chronic postpneumonectomy empyema.

Three patients with chronic Staphylococcus aureus empyema following pneumonectomy were treated with continuous chlorhexidine (0.02%) irrigation of the cavity. The empyema became sterile, but after a few days symptoms of cerebral intoxication appeared in all three patients. The symptoms resolved when the treatment was discontinued. Use of continuous chlorhexidine irrigation treatment of large wounds and cavities is therefore to be discouraged.

Chlorhexidine↗