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Biomedical subjects

P Kaminski

Publications and source records attributed to P Kaminski.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Menstrual cycle and sex hormone profile in perimenopausal women after liver transplantation.

UNLABELLED: Excellent long-term outcomes of transplant patients let many female liver-recipients experience perimenopausal problems. This study assessed menstrual patterns and sex hormone profiles in women of perimenopausal age who experienced end-stage liver failure treated by transplantation (OLT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Menstrual patterns, sex hormone profiles, and biochemical parameters of liver function were analyzed before and after OLT in 13 liver-transplanted patients of perimenopausal age. Nineteen healthy perimenopausal women served as controls. RESULTS: The most common abnormality of the menstrual cycle observed in the study group was secondary amenorrhea, which affected six liver-transplanted women. Three months after OLT amenorrhea was still observed in six patients, regular menstrual cycles in six and irregular bleeding in one graft recipient. One year after transplantation regular menstruations were noted in four, irregular bleeding in four, and secondary amenorrhea in five liver-transplanted women. Similar levels of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, progesterone and testosterone as well as lower levels of estradiol and DHEA-sulfate were observed in patients with liver failure, both before and after grafting, compared with healthy women. After OLT E2 levels increased from 32.05 +/- 18.04 to 49.12 +/- 22.21. CONCLUSIONS: One year after OLT disturbances in menstrual patterns affect most (69%) perimenopausal female liver recipients. Both before and after OLT significantly lower levels of estradiol and DHEA-S were observed in transplanted patients compared with healthy controls. Hormonal therapy of amenorrhea or irregular menstruations may be required in that group of patients.

Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate↗
PubMed2002

Angiogenic activity and IL-8 concentrations in peritoneal fluid and sera in endometriosis.

OBJECTIVES: During menstruation endometrial fragments are transported into the peritoneal cavity where they form endometriotic lesions. Angiogenesis is proposed as one of the mechanisms in endometriosis pathogenesis. The aim of the study was to determine the angiogenic activity and interleukin 8 concentrations in peritoneal fluid and sera in endometriosis. METHODS: Angiogenesis was determined in cutaneous assay in Balb/c mice; IL-8 concentrations were measured by ELISA test in sera and peritoneal fluid of 32 control and 56 endometriosis patients. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests and Spearman rank correlations were used in statistical analysis. RESULTS: Peritoneal fluid and sera from the examined group had higher angiogenic activity and interleukin 8 concentrations. There was correlation found between AFS and neovascularization induced by sera and PF of patients with peritoneal lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Angiogenesis plays an important role in pathogenesis of endometriosis. Although IL-8 takes part in neovascularization, there are other factors modulating angiogenesis in endometriosis.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Granulocyte chemiluminescence activity, antibody production and percentage of CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes in peripheral blood of offspring of salbutamol-treated pregnant C3H mice.

Preterm delivery is one of the most important problems in obstetric care. One of commonly used treatment of such high risk cases is salbutamol-beta(2) adrenoceptor agonist. The aim of present study was to determine if such treatment causes any changes in neonatal immune system and therefore should be considered in newborn care. The experiments were performed in 4-5- and 6-7-week-old female and male offspring of salbutamol treated C3H inbred mice. In the present study chemiluminescent activity of peripheral blood granulocytes, percentage of CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes and antibody production were evaluated. A lower number of peripheral blood granulocytes in 6-7-week-old offspring of salbutamol treated mothers was observed, while in the case of younger mice's lymphocytes count in both groups, the differences were not significant as compared to control group. In 4-5-week-old mice a lower percentage of CD4(+), CD3(+) and CD8(+) was evaluated, while in older offspring the percentage of CD4(+) and CD3(+) was higher in the case of the progeny of salbutamol treated mothers. As far as chemiluminescent activity was concerned no differences were found in any of experimental groups. We showed higher IgM production both in male and female offspring of the experimental group and no changes in IgG levels in mice sera. Alterations observed in progeny of salbutamol treated mice might have influence on their further immune system development and function.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed2000

Thymus and lymph node cell CD4(+) and CD8(+) marker expression and their angiogenic activity of offspring of salbutamol-treated pregnant C3H mice.

Salbutamol, beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonist is a first choice drug in preterm delivery treatment. The aim of the present study was to determine whether salbutamol can cause any alterations in neonatal immune systems and therefore should be considered in newborn care. The experiments were performed on 4-5- and 6-7-week-old female and male offspring of salbutamol-treated C3H inbred mice. Thymus and lymph node weight, cellularity and lymphatic organs, lymphocytes phenotypes and their angiogenic activity were evaluated. We observed lower thymus weight in 6-7-week-old progeny of salbutamol-treated mothers and in the same time lower thymus cell number in both age groups. Lower lymph node weight was developed in older progeny while cellularity was diminished both in 4-5- and 6-7-week-old offspring of salbutamol-treated mothers. We have not detected any changes in percentage of CD4, CD8, CD3 and CD4CD8 positive lymphocytes in progeny of salbutamol-treated mothers. As far as lymph node lymphocytes phenotype is considered we showed in both age groups lowering of CD4 and CD3 positive cells in experimental groups. In the LIA test (lymphocyte-induced angiogenesis) we showed lower lymph node cell angiogenic activity of salbutamol-treated mothers' progeny in both age groups. In the case of thymus lymphocytes we have not observed any alterations in their angiogenic activity. The differences in histological examination of thymus and lymph nodes were not detected in experimental and control groups.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed2000

Reversal of heart failure remodeling in women.

Epidemiological studies suggest that women with heart failure differ from men with heart failure in that their survival is better. Therapeutic trials have not clearly demonstrated a survival benefit for women. This study was to determine the tolerance for high doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-nitrates in women versus men and to compare their symptomatic response, exercise tolerance, and ventricular functional improvement over 1 year. Eighty-eight sequential patients with heart failure, 54 men and 34 women with left ventricular ejection fraction < or = 35%, were prospectively followed for 1 year. For all patients, ACE inhibitor-nitrate therapy was intensified. Each patient had three 6-monthly echocardiograms at baseline, at 6 months, and at 1 year, and metabolic stress testing. Patients were 57.3 +/- 12.3 years old, with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class severity 2.6 +/- 1.0. Lisinopril dosages were raised from 14 +/- 14 mg/day to 57 +/- 26 mg/day, isosorbide mononitrate from 15 +/- 27 mg/day to 126 +/- 72 mg/day, and carvedilol (n = 34) to 17 +/- 16 mg/day. Women and men were epidemiologically comparable, with similar baseline echocardiographic parameters (left ventricular ejection fraction 19% +/- 7% versus 17% +/- 6%, respectively). Both tolerated up-titration in medical therapy. Final 12-month ejection fractions were equivalent for women and men at 34% +/- 17% and 34% +/- 13%, respectively, with similar improvements in left ventricular diameters. At 1 year, women had higher resting heart rates and remained more symptomatic with lower exercise capacity. However, the relative changes in NYHA status and aerobic capacity were similar for women and men. Thus, both women and men tolerated uptitrated ACE inhibitor-nitrate medical therapy, with comparable reversal of heart failure remodeling. Although women continued to be more symptomatic than men, relative improvements in symptomatic status, in exercise capacity, and in hospitalization rate were equivalent.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1999

Antiinsulin receptor autoantibodies induce insulin receptors to constitutively associate with insulin receptor substrate-1 and -2 and cause severe cell resistance to both insulin and insulin-like growth factor I.

We report here that antiinsulin receptor (anti-IR) autoantibodies (AIRs) from a newly diagnosed patient with type B syndrome of insulin resistance induced cellular resistance not only to insulin but also to insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) for the stimulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase activities and of glycogen and DNA syntheses. The molecular mechanisms of this dual resistance were investigated. Patient AIRs bound the IR at the insulin-binding site and caused insulin resistance at the IR level by inducing a 50% decrease in cell surface IRs and a severe defect in the tyrosine kinase activity of the residual IRs, manifested by a loss of insulin-stimulated IR autophosphorylation and IR substrate-1 (IRS-1)/IRS-2 phosphorylation. In contrast, cell resistance to IGF-I occurred at a step distal to IGF-I receptors (IGF-IRs), as AIRs altered neither IGF-I binding nor IGF-I-induced IGF-IR autophosphorylation, but inhibited the ability of IGF-IRs to mediate tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and IRS-2 in response to IGF-I. Coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that in AIR-treated cells, IRs, but not IGF-IRs, were constitutively associated with IRS-1 and IRS-2, strongly suggesting that AIR-desensitized IRs impeded IGF-I action by sequestering IRS-1 and IRS-2. Accordingly, AIRs had no effect on the stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase activity or DNA synthesis by vanadyl sulfate, FCS, epidermal growth factor, or platelet-derived growth factor, all of which activate signaling pathways independent of IRS-1/IRS-2. Thus, AIRs induced cell resistance to both insulin and IGF-I through a novel mechanism involving a constitutive and stable association of IRS-1 and IRS-2 with the IR.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

When supply chain strategy changes, what doesn't change?

Although implementation of an assemble-to-order supply chain strategy can often improve customer service, the transition to an assemble-to-order system requires many new processes, organizations, and skills. This article, in describing how Etec Systems, a leader in patterning solutions for the semiconductor and electronics industries, has implemented an assemble-to-order strategy, illuminates some of the issues that will be faced by any company choosing such a strategy.

California↗
PubMed1998

Paradoxical hypertension after reversal of heart failure in patients treated with intensive vasodilator therapy.

Hypertension is a major cause of heart failure, evolving from left ventricular hypertrophy to systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Although effective heart failure therapy has been associated with a lowering or no change in systemic arterial blood pressure in long-term follow-up, this study describes the symptomatic, clinical, and left ventricular functional response of a subgroup of heart failure patients with a prior history of hypertension who demonstrated a paradoxical hypertensive response despite high-dose vasodilator therapy. We prospectively identified 45 patients with a past history of hypertension who had become normotensive with symptomatic heart failure. Of these 45 heart failure patients, 12 became hypertensive while receiving therapy in follow-up, with systolic blood pressure > or = 140 mm Hg (Group A). The remaining 33 patients did not have a hypertensive response to therapy (Group B). In the 12 Group A patients, 60+/-10 years old, with symptomatic heart failure for 6.3+/-4.3 years, vasodilator therapy was intensified in the 2.0+/-0.5 years of follow-up, achieving final doses of enalapril 78+/-19 mg and isosorbide dinitrate 293 +/-106 mg per day. New York Heart Association classification improved from 2.9+/-0.8 to 1.3+/-0.5 (P < or = .0001), with a reduction in heart-failure-related hospitalizations. Left ventricular ejection fraction increased from 17+/-6% to 40+/-10% (P < .0001). Follow-up blood pressure at 1 to 3 months was unchanged. However, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased at final follow-up, rising from 116+/-14 to 154+/-13 mm Hg (P = .0001) and from 71+/-9 to 85+/-14 mm Hg (P = .004), respectively. Renal function remained unchanged. Although both groups had similar clinical responses, there were more blacks and women in the hypertensive Group A. Effectively, 12 of 45 (27%) heart failure patients with an antecedent history of hypertension demonstrated a paradoxical hypertensive response to vasodilator therapy. The recurrence of hypertension in a significant portion of patients successfully treated for heart failure has important clinical implications.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Evidence against a cytochrome P450-derived reactive oxygen species as the mediator of the nitric oxide-independent vasodilator effect of bradykinin in the perfused heart of the rat.

The coronary vasodilator effect of bradykinin (BK) in the rat is independent of NO but dependent on activation of phospholipases with involvement of cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase (P450) and stimulation of Ca++-activated K+ channels, implicating an unidentified hyperpolarizing factor generated via P450 metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA). Because P450 activity also generates free radicals, such as superoxide, which can lead to the formation of hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals, which are vasoactive, we addressed the contribution of superoxide to the vasodilator effect of BK in the rat heart. Using rat renal microsomes as a source of P450, we verified that P450-dependent metabolism of AA generated superoxide, as detected by chemiluminescence with lucigenin. The signal was almost abolished by inhibition of P450 with clotrimazole and the superoxide scavenger 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzene sulfonic acid. However, base-line superoxide formation, detected by chemiluminescence, in cardiac slices and perfused hearts was unchanged in response to BK or AA. Furthermore, in perfused hearts treated with nitroarginine and indomethacin to eliminate NO and prostaglandins and elevate perfusion pressure, dose-dependent vasodilator responses to BK were unaffected by superoxide dismutase plus catalase, a combination that abolished dilator responses to hydrogen peroxide. Similarly, the superoxide scavengers 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzene sulfonic acid and 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-noxyl were without effect on vasodilator responses to BK. Thus, the coronary vasodilator action of BK is independent of superoxide or its derivatives, which can be excluded as hyperpolarizing factors mediating NO-independent vasodilation in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of Hysterosalpingography with Laparoscopy and Chromopertubation

We compared two methods of determining tubal patency. Between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 1994, 55 women were evaluated for infertility by laparoscopy and chromopertubation and either traditional hysterosalpingogram (HSG; group 1, 25 patients, 16 primary, 9 secondary infertility) or a mixture of Hy-Co-Sy with Echovist (group 2, 30 patients, 14 primary, 16 infertility). In group 1 HSG showed 64% bilateral patency, 8% unilateral patency, and 28% bilateral occlusion; laparoscopy and chromopertubation showed 72%, 8%, and 20%, respectively. Identical findings were present in 92% of women, with method sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 89.4%, respectively. One case of allergic reaction occurred. In group 2, rates with Hy-Co-Sy and Echovist were 63.3% bilateral patency, 23.3% unilateral, and 13.3% bilateral occlusion; laparoscopy and chromopertubation results were 83.3%, 10%, and 6.7%, respectively. Identical findings were present in 86.7% of patients, with method sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 84.9%, respectively. No side effects were noted. The high sensitivity of both methods suggest that either one is of value in primary assessment of tubal patency, as neither requires general anesthesia and both may precede laparoscopy of hysteroscopy.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

Elevated body lead burden from drinking water in end-stage chronic renal failure.

Delta aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) who assayed in 66 patients with end-stage renal failure who live in a region where there is a high risk of lead poisoning from drinking water (Vosges mountains). Sixty patients received dialysis and six underwent renal transplantation. Results were compared to those obtained in 366 control subjects with normal renal function hospitalized in a department of Internal Medicine and living in the same geographical area. The ALA-D level was significantly lower in dialysed patients (0.40 +/- 20) than in controls (0.57 +/- 0.31) (P = 0.0014). Transplant recipients had ALA-D levels comparable to subjects with normal renal function (0.59 +/- 0.37). In this high-risk population an EDTA test was performed in 74 subjects (with normal renal function and 17 dialysis patients in combination with haemofiltration for the latter patients. In the two study groups a negative correlation was found between ALA-D and the amount of lead chelated during the 24 h following administration of EDTA (r = -0.77 and -0.88 respectively). In subjects who live in an area of endemic lead poisoning, the incidence of elevated body lead burden from drinking water was similar in the group with normal renal function and in the group of dialysed patients (18.6 and 8.3% respectively). This study shows (i) that in dialysis patients, measurement of ALA-D represents an accurate screening test for lead overload, provided that the lower threshold of normal is lowered from 0.40 to 0.20, and (ii) that diagnosis and treatment are possible by administering EDTA in conjunction with haemofiltration or CAPD.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Tissue distribution of TAG-72 in malignant mixed müllerian tumors of the uterus.

Malignant mixed müllerian tumors are the most frequent sarcomas arising from the uterus. Since these tumors are traditionally associated with a poor prognosis, tumor-associated antigens may be useful in the evaluation and follow-up of affected patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and tissue distribution of TAG-72, an antigen frequently expressed in endometrial carcinomas, and to compare it to CA 125 and CA 19-9 expression in malignant mixed müllerian tumors of the uterus. Consecutive, paraffin-embedded sections from 35 tumors were immunohistochemically evaluated using primary antibodies directed against the tumor-associated antigens. These antigens were demonstrated in the neoplastic glandular epithelium and not in the sarcomatous portion of the tumor. The degree of antigen expression was unrelated to the nature of the sarcomatous element present (homologous vs heterologous). Positive staining (> or = 5% of the glandular epithelium) for TAG-72 was present in 66% of the tumors; another 6% of the tumors contained focal staining (< 5% of the glandular epithelium) for TAG-72. Although cytoplasmic and intraluminal staining were present, cell surface staining was the most prominent feature of TAG-72 expression. Tumors were more likely to be positive for TAG-72 than either CA 125 (P = 0.046) or CA 19.9 (P = 0.004). The extent of TAG-72 expression was unrelated to the extent of disease (intrauterine vs extrauterine) and overall patient survival. However, antigen expression was correlated with the differentiation of the glandular component present.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Tissue CA 125 and CA 19-9 in malignant, mixed mesodermal tumors of the uterus.

Mixed mesodermal tumors of the uterus are biphasic neoplasms composed of both a malignant epithelium and a sarcomatous stromal component. Elevated levels of tumor-associated antigens, such as CA 125, have been reported in some patients with these tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and tissue distribution of CA 125 and CA 19-9 in malignant mixed mesodermal tumors of the uterus treated with primary surgery. Consecutive, paraffin-embedded sections from 35 tumors were immunohistochemically evaluated using primary antibodies directed against CA 125 and CA 19-9. CA 125 and CA 19-9 were demonstrated in the neoplastic glandular epithelium and not in the sarcomatous portion of the tumor. The localization of CA 125 and CA 19-9 suggested that both antigens were epithelial secretory products. Positive staining (> or = 5% of the glandular epithelium) for CA 125 was present in 46% of the tumors; another 14% of the tumors contained focal staining (< 5% of the glandular epithelium) for CA 125. Positive staining for CA 19-9 was demonstrated in 34% of tumors; another 17% contained focal staining for CA 19-9. The markers were concordant in 77% of the tumors examined. Antigen expression was unrelated to the nature of the sarcomatous element (homologous vs heterologous), the extent of disease, and patient survival. However, the epithelial component of these sarcomas frequently expressed these antigens and the degree of expression was related to the cell type and the histologic grade of the glandular element.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1993

[Value of ketoconazole in the treatment of Cushing disease].

Ketoconazole has been successfully used in short-term treatment of Cushing's syndrome. We treated 4 patients who had Cushing's disease with ketoconazole administered during 5 to 18 months. Two of them are still controlled after 15 months of treatment and 7 months after treatment was withdrawn. In the other two patients, treatment was ineffective primarily and after 5 months. Our data confirm the usefulness of ketoconazole in the treatment of Cushing's disease, but they also show that primary resistance and tachyphylaxis in long-term treatment may occur, as previously reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Detection and patterns of treatment failure in 300 consecutive cases of "early" endometrial cancer after primary surgery.

From November 1977 to July 1987, 300 consecutive patients with endometrial carcinoma clinically confined to the uterine corpus underwent primary surgery consisting of at least abdominal hysterectomy and adnexectomy. Patients with aggressive disease characteristics received postoperative radiotherapy. Forty-seven patients (16%) demonstrated recurrent disease from 2 to 125 (median of 12.8) months after surgery. Forty-seven percent of the recurrences were detected within the first year following surgery and 70% by 2 years after hysterectomy. Of the 47 recurrences, 29 were at distant sites, 16 were within the pelvis, and 2 consisted of both local and distant recurrences. Patients treated with pelvic radiotherapy after hysterectomy were more likely to experience distant, rather than local recurrences. Only 7 of the 148 patients (5%) treated with postoperative radiotherapy recurred in the pelvis. Approximately half of the recurrences were detected in asymptomatic individuals; physical examination and chest X-ray were the most useful means to detect disease in patients without symptoms. The combination of history, physical examination, pap smear, and chest X ray detected all of the recurrences. Actuarial survivals at 12, 24, and 36 months after recurrence were 42, 24, and 17%, respectively. The site of recurrence, time interval of surgery to recurrence, and use of postoperative pelvic radiotherapy were statistically related to patient prognosis. The identification of patients at risk of recurrence and more effective adjuvant therapy need to be developed in order to decrease the frequency of recurrence. In order to substantially improve the survival of patients with recurrent disease, more sensitive methods of detection, as well as more effective salvage therapy, will be required.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1991

Adjuvant external beam therapy for pathologic stage I and occult stage II endometrial carcinoma.

Eighty-six patients with pathologic Stage I or occult Stage II carcinoma of the endometrium and myometrial invasion and/or Grade 2 or Grade 3 histologic condition received whole-pelvis external radiation therapy (RT) after extrafascial total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Twenty-one patients received 4250 cGy in 25 daily fractions for 5 weeks (Group 1), 28 received 4500 cGy in 25 daily fractions for 5 weeks (Group 2), and 37 received 5100 cGy in 30 daily fractions for 6 weeks (Group 3). Seventeen patients had intravaginal brachytherapy after whole-pelvis RT. Local recurrence developed in two patients (2.3%) (one in Group 1 and one in Group 2). Statistical analysis showed that the depth of myometrial invasion significantly influenced survival (P = 0.016). Tumor grade, pathologic stage, whole-pelvis radiation dose, and the use of brachytherapy did not influence survival. Complications occurred in 9.5% of patients in Group 1, 24.7% in Group 2, and 40.5% in Group 3. Three patients who received brachytherapy had rectal injuries. The authors conclude that 4250 cGy in 25 fractions for 5 weeks of whole-pelvis RT appears to induce fewer complications than higher doses, and may be sufficient to prevent local recurrence in most patients who require adjuvant RT. A clinical trial is needed to determine the optimum dose-time-fractionation regimen.

Brachytherapy↗