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Biomedical subjects

P Keszler

Publications and source records attributed to P Keszler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Study of saliva secretion and the salivary fluoride concentration of the human minor labial glands by a new method.

Unstimulated and stimulated flow rate from minor lower labial glands and the fluoride concentration of resting whole and labial saliva were measured over 15 min using a novel method avoiding eversion of the lips. Resting salivary flow rate was measured as 1.09+/-0.44 microl/min/cm2 and stimulated flow rate as 3.13+/-1.05 microl/min/cm2. Secretion rates were significantly (p<0.001) increased during periods of continuous speaking. The increase in secretion elicited by labial movements and speaking may result from mechanical stimulation and/or activity of myoepithelial cells. Fluoride concentrations in resting whole saliva and in unstimulated minor labial gland saliva were 0.066+/-0.048 and 0.181+/-0.073 parts/10(6), respectively. The secretory capacity of the minor labial glands and the high F concentration in their secretions suggests a significant contribution to the F content of whole saliva. Our non-invasive method permits collection from the minor labial glands of a volume large enough for chemical analysis. It should prove useful for studying the effects of different secretory stimuli.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Protrusion and mixed deformities.

BACKGROUND: Considerable confusion is encountered in the literature relating classification respectively surgical repair of the anterior chest wall deformities in view of the asymmetric types which are arbitrarily ranged in one of the two main groups (impressions, protrusions). METHODS: Out of 420 operations 89 (21%) were performed for pure protrusion, and 64 (15%) for mixed deformities, with asymmetric impression and protrusion present at the same time. Mixed deformities were limited to the parasternal area in 10 and extended to the entire anterior chest wall in 54 cases. Surgery was undertaken for both protrusion and mixed deformities beyond 10 years of age in 9.8%, while for a typical funnel chest deformity in 31% (p<0.001). Correction has been achieved performing double subperichondral excisions of the distorted cartilages and - if necessary - subperiosteal wedge incision of the bony segments, completed by a T shape wedge sternal incision. In order to preserve the repaired position a stainless steel stabiliser was introduced for one year behind the sternum and the entire mobilised wall area. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: This method was used hitherto in 60 patients with mixed, respectively severe funnel chest deformities without any complication. The "pectus index" calculated according to the equation A/Bx100, in which A is the internal sterno-vertebral distance and B is the transverse diameter of the chest at the level of the diaphragms in cm (normal values: 35%-45%) was followed for 7.6+/-4.5 years in 63 patients. The preoperative 53+/-7.6% decreased to 44.2+/-6.3% (p<0.05).

Humans↗
PubMed1996

[Central bronchoplastic procedures in Hungary and their outcome (198-1993)].

Bronchoplastic procedures involving the main carina are declared as central bronchoplasties. A nation-wide collection of these interventions performed between 1980 and 1993 is analysed. The study is on a total of 154 operations, that were 16 bifurcation resections and 14 stem bronchus resections without parenchyma sacrifice, 61 sleeve or wedge pneumonectomies and 63 tracheal sleeve or wedge right upper lobectomies or carina-plasties. Surgery alone-without multimodality therapy-was the choice of treatment almost exclusively. About 90% of these interventions were performed for highly malignant, histologically peripheral-type, but centrally located bronchial cancers. The hospital mortality and morbidity were found up to 30% (an average of appr. 17%), depending on surgical subsets. Cause of death were surgical at 11% (leakage, anastomotic dehiscence and bleeding) and non surgical at 5.8% respectively. Complications at another 9% were related to surgery. Data of survival suggest, that nodal state is the strongest predictor, but the unfavourable N2 group comprises longer survivors as well. Certain part of this kind of interventions is to be chosen without alternatives (isolated tracheobronchial resections without parenchyma-resection, extended pneumonectomies) while extended lobectomies are alternatives of the extended pneumonectomies in strict conditions. A central bronchoplastic procedure is justified only with hope of complete resection for its high complication rate.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1993

[The effect of H2-receptor blockers (cimetidine and ranitidin) on parotid gland secretion and salivary carbonic anhydrase activity in the rat].

It has been demonstrated, that the H2-receptor antagonists: cimetidine and ranitidine-administered in doses of the same order of magnitude as reported for the inhibition of rat gastric secretion and development of the experimentally induced gastric and duodenal ulcer-are capable of increasing significantly the parotid secretion evoked by the cholinergic stimulant bethanechol. The salivary carbonic anhydrase activity was also elevated after combined treatment of bethanechol(+)-cimetidine. The similar action of the two H2-antagonists appears to suggest that their effect on salivation is connected probably with the cholinergic activity and it is concluded that the combination of bethanechol with these blockers may improve the esophageal clearance, an action that may be beneficial in the treatment of the gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Detection of colon distension in colonostomy patients.

Inborn and learned ability to detect mild, nonpainful distension of the sygmoid colon was examined in 22 patients who underwent colonostomy one year or more before the investigation. The colon was distended by a balloon inserted 10 cm below the orifice of the artificial anus. Each subject participated in three sessions on three consecutive weeks with several experimental tasks in each session. During each task, the patient received the colon stimulus (the "signal") 25 times randomly paired with masking auditory or annular skin stimuli (around the stoma or 15 cm medially to it). The masking (warning) stimuli were administered in series of 50, representing the "noise," according to signal-detection paradigms. The subjects had to indicate after each administration of the warning noise stimulus whether or not they thought the colon stimulus had been presented. In all three sessions, learning tasks were included using reinforcement of successful detection trials. Seven subjects out of 22 were considered good perceivers, 9 persons were considered medium perceivers, and the remaining 6 subjects were considered poor perceivers. According to the data of the first two groups, it can be hypothesized that most patients have some inherent sensitivity of colon distension, and that learning improves this initial ability. However, the role of skin, peritoneal, or interstitial receptors in colon distension detection cannot be excluded.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Chromatographic study of salivary carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes in rats].

Authors could purify two isoenzymes (designated CA1 and CA2) from the submandibular gland but only one (CA1) from the submandibular saliva by gel filtration and affinity chromatography. They concluded, that CA1 is a high molecular weight (approximately 90 kD) membrane-bound glycoprotein and CA2 is a cytosolic isoenzyme with lower molecular weight (30 kD) comparing to CA1.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[24-hour pH monitoring in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux].

The 24 hour pH monitoring is superior to other methods in assessing chemical activity and quantitative characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux (GER). This technique supported by the pull-through esophageal manometry, reveals and classifies the patients for either medical or surgical treatment. The comparison of the diagrams recorded before and after surgical repair, is a reliable guide in evaluating the efficacy of the anti-reflux procedure.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1988

Surgical pathology of bullae with and without pneumothorax.

Experience with 2030 patients admitted for an actual episode of spontaneous pneumothorax, and with 370 patients hospitalized for bullous emphysema is thoroughly analyzed. Out of these groups, 400 patients (318 and 82 respectively) underwent an open thoracotomy. Macroscopic operative findings were divided into 8 groups. Descriptions of the aspect, size and site of bullae, respiratory function, mortality and follow-up data, are presented. Pathogenesis of the localised apical disease in comparison to the extended and diffuse types is outlined. Attention is drawn to the high operative risk in generalized emphysema and airway obstruction when associated with tension bullae and/or pneumothorax. More than 30% of the patients could not be included in either the juvenile type, isolated apical disease, or in the category of bullae associated with generalized emphysema. Reasons for an early rupture of apical subpleural blebs and the high resistance to check valve pressure of bullae following alveolar disruption are discussed. The observations lead to the conclusion that surgical pathology and treatment problems in bullous emphysema and in spontaneous pneumothorax have a lot in common and their arbitrary separation is not justified.

Adolescent↗