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Biomedical subjects

P Knoll

Publications and source records attributed to P Knoll.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Sentinel lymph node detection with large human serum albumin colloid particles in breast cancer.

Detection of metastatic involvement of lymph nodes is essential for management and prognostic evaluation in breast cancer patients. The success of lymphatic mapping depends on identifying the sentinel lymph node(s) draining the primary tumour. However, when mapping is performed with a radiocolloidal agent, the number of hot lymph nodes varies with the agent and its size, among other factors. In this study, we evaluated prospectively the detection rate of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer when injecting large particles (100-600 nm) of human serum albumin colloids (Senti-Scint). In 128 consecutive breast cancer patients without palpable lymph nodes, pre-operative static lymphoscintigraphic mapping of the breast was performed after subcutaneous injection of 15 MBq of the radiocolloid. Lymphoscintigrahic results were compared with intra-operative surgical gamma detection probe and blue dye mapping data. Pre-operative lymphoscintigraphy and surgical gamma detection probe both correctly detected 203 sentinel lymph nodes in 122/128 patients (95%), while blue dye mapping showed only 183 sentinel lymph nodes in 82% of the patients. Only one or two sentinel lymph nodes were identified in each patient, which allowed the surgeon easily to find the sentinel lymph node(s) intra-operatively. In conclusion, lymphoscintigraphy with large particles of human serum albumin colloids is a helpful and reliable procedure for the surgical management of breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Determination of therapy management in rectal carcinoma by staging with 18-FDG-PET].

The curative treatment of carcinoma of the rectum in the early stage of the disease is radical local surgery. If there is a solitary liver metastasis, resection is also a curative treatment. This report describes a female patient with rectal carcinoma, in whom a solitary liver metastasis in the left lobe was diagnosed only by FDG-PET and verified at surgery. This case report demonstrates the potential role of FDG-PET even for primary staging in detecting occult hepatic and extrahepatic metastases, thus significantly influencing the therapeutic management and prognosis of these patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

Regional cerebral blood flow in patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether regional cerebral blood flow in survivors of torture suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) differed significantly from that in healthy controls. METHOD: We examined the cerebral regional distribution of 99m-technetium-hexamethylpropyleneamineoxime (HMPAO) using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in 8 patients and in 8 healthy controls. A semi-quantitative analysis was performed in which symmetrical regions of interest (ROI) were drawn in all subjects. RESULTS: Regional blood flow was markedly more heterogeneous in patients suffering from PTSD than in healthy controls. The differences are significant. CONCLUSION: Severe psychological trauma induced by torture can cause neurobiologic alterations that may contribute, even years after the original trauma, to a number of complaints commonly expressed by patients suffering from PTSD.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Distributed nuclear medicine applications using World Wide Web and Java technology.

At present, medical applications applying World Wide Web (WWW) technology are mainly used to view static images and to retrieve some information. The Java platform is a relative new way of computing, especially designed for network computing and distributed applications which enables interactive connection between user and information via the WWW. The Java 2 Software Development Kit (SDK) including Java2D API, Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI) technology, Object Serialization and the Java Advanced Imaging (JAI) extension was used to achieve a robust, platform independent and network centric solution. Medical image processing software based on this technology is presented and adequate performance capability of Java is demonstrated by an iterative reconstruction algorithm for single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT).

Image Processing, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed2000

Scintimammography enhances negative predictive value of non-invasive pre-operative assessment of breast lesions.

AIMS: The aim of this study was to develop a criterion with a high negative predictive value for the evaluation of breast lesions. We aimed to determine the value of combining three non-invasive tests, mammography (MM), ultrasonography (USS) and 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrite (99mTc-MIBI) scintimammography (scinti-MM). METHODS: We included 94 consecutive patients with suspected lesions detected by mammography or on physical examination. MM, USS and scinti-MM were performed no more than 4 weeks prior to excisional biopsy in all patients. We then compared the biopsy results with a score calculated for each patient, derived from the results of the three tests, which we termed 'mamma malignancy index' (MMI). RESULTS: Each of the three exams yielded a score ranging from 0 to 2, with 0 representing an almost certainly benign lesion, 1 an indeterminate finding and 2 a likely malignant lesion, and hence giving a total score ranging from 0 to 6. The biopsy results showed that the lesions in 64 patients were benign. Forty-nine (77%) of these patients had received an MMI score of 0 or 1. The negative predictive value for malignancy in patients with a score less than 2 was 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Since the smallest detected lesion was 9 mm in diameter, we conclude that MMI may be a highly useful diagnostic tool in the delineation of breast lesions > or =1 cm which should not be routinely referred for biopsy but may be followed non-invasively. Although fine needle aspiration has limitations, we would recommend it as a less invasive method to evaluate suspected lesions smaller than 1 cm.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

A Jini service to reconstruct tomographic data.

Distributed computing that uses dynamic networks will change the way we work and communicate thanks to the interaction of devices and services, that are automatically added and removed from the network as needed. The Jini technology, which is built atop the Java programming language, provides a homogenous view of the network and extends the ability of code to migrate in Java. This software design model simplifies the configuration and access to hardware devices and software services in a network. Thus, it becomes possible to execute new services without pre-installing software on client machines. This new programming paradigm is especially important in medical applications, where the reliable transmission of information is essential. This paper demonstrates how single photon emission computerized tomography data can be iteratively reconstructed using a Jini service.

Computer Communication Networks↗