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Biomedical subjects

P Krantz

Publications and source records attributed to P Krantz.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Experimental evaluation of polymerized Dacron grafts in the iliac position of pigs.

Three differently polymerized Dacron grafts were compared to ordinary Dacron grafts and polytetrafluoroethylene grafts in the iliac artery of pigs. The grafts were inserted end-to-side and left for 40 days. Explantation was performed after glutaraldehyde pressure fixation. Gross morphology, light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to examine the specimens. We concluded that the polymerized grafts behaved similarly to polytetrafluoroethylene grafts and had a very limited foreign body reaction. Endothelial-like cells covered most of the graft surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Intracapsular and atmospheric pressure in the dynamics and stability of the hip. A biomechanical study.

A cadaver study was undertaken to evaluate (a) the relations between the rotation around the axis of the neck of the femur, intracapsular effusion, and intracapsular pressure; and (b) the importance of the atmospheric pressure in stabilizing the hip joint. The following conclusions were reached: (1) There is no increase in intracapsular pressure within the normal range of rotation ("flexion") around the axis of the neck of the femur. (2) Intracapsular fluid (e.g., blood, pus, synovial edema and/or free synovial fluid) decreases this pressureless range of rotation, a likely cause of pain and subsequently flexion contractures. (3) Joint stability is primarily maintained by the atmospheric pressure within the normal range of rotation. The joint capsule is tightened only in extreme extension or flexion and contributes to stability only in these positions. (4) The traction force needed to overcome the stabilizing effect of the atmospheric pressure and thus subluxate the adult joint is approximately 200 N, in a child less, proportional to the square of the diameter of the femoral head. We also propose that intracapsular fluid makes the joint potentially unstable, a prerequisite for unfavorable mechanical cartilage load. These findings have clinical implications in synovitis, septic and juvenile arthritis, congenital dislocation of the hip, arthroplasty, and trauma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Suicide in alcoholism. A prospective study of 55 cases with autopsy findings.

In a previous paper we reported prospective ratings for 88 alcoholic suicides. At the initial admission they had more often signs of peptic ulcer, depression, dysphoria and brittleness than other alcoholics. In 55 of these alcoholics an autopsy was performed at the Department of Forensic Medicine, University Hospital, Lund. In 37 cases the blood alcohol level was measured (at time of death). Alcoholics with brittleness had more often blood alcohol levels over 0.1% than others, and alcoholics with dysphoria more often negative tests even if the suicide generally was associated with previous drinking. Concerning the blood alcohol level alcoholics with peptic ulcer did not differ from the others. Alcoholics with initial depression had more often previous suicide attempts. Twenty (36%) of the alcoholics had experienced a personal loss during the year preceding the suicide. The possible implications of the findings for suicide prevention strategies is discussed.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1987

Suicide in psychiatric patients. A prospective study of 67 cases without initial signs of severe depression or alcoholism.

All cases from the county, who were subjected to post-mortem examination at the Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Lund with a diagnosis of suicide during 1949-1984, were compared with the inpatient register at the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Lund during 1949-1969. During these years all patients were rated at discharge with a multidimensional schedule. All patients with initial ratings of severe depression/melancholia and alcoholism were analyzed separately and excluded from the present sample. The ratings of the suicide cases were compared with those of 8,046 other inpatients. There were 67 suicide cases, 36 men and 31 women. The suicide cases had higher frequencies of the item easily led/dependent/immature personality (34% versus 18%) and of attempted suicides (19% versus 8%). There were no differences in ratings of symptoms as slight depression and anxiety or of situational factors. Attempted suicide was related to suicides early in the course, while easily led/dependent/immature was not so related. At the time of the suicide there was a higher frequency of never married and a lower frequency of married subjects in the present series compared with suicides in severe depression/melancholia and alcoholism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Malignant hyperpyrexia and sudden death.

Two teenage boys, brothers, died suddenly within 2 months of each other. No clear cause of death could be identified in either case. Because of previous reports of the association between malignant hyperpyrexia and sudden death in otherwise healthy young men, we examined the parents. The father was found to be malignant hyperpyrexia-susceptible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Traffic fatalities in a system with decentralized trauma care. A study with special reference to potentially salvageable casualties.

P6 evaluate a system with decentralized trauma care, a review was made of all 158 traffic fatalities in 1981 in the southern part of Sweden. The region has 15 well-equipped and well-staffed small- and medium-sized hospitals and two university hospitals with extensive resources. The patients are usually brought by ambulance to the closest receiving facility. Only three persons could possibly have been saved--one suffering from a lacerated femoral artery and two patients in whose cases missed diagnoses (eg, bowel rupture or cardiac tamponade) might have contributed to the fatal outcome. The present investigation reveals that high survival rates after traffic trauma can be achieved with a conventional Swedish trauma care system.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1984

The effect of the unrestrained back seat passenger on the injuries suffered by drivers and front seat passengers in head-on collisions.

In head-on collisions, loose items in the rear of the car, such as luggage or unrestrained back seat passengers can cause substantial loading on the back of the front seats. The purpose of this paper is to study if such loading increases the injury severity for the front seat occupants. Data were collected from all fatal automobile accidents for a period of 1 year in Sweden. Information was collected about the survivors as well as the decreased. Head-on collisions were selected, and the injuries of the front seat occupants were scored according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and the Injury Severity Score (ISS). In evaluating the injury severity, the collision energy was taken into account. The results indicate that belted front seat passengers sustain a higher injury risk with an unrestrained passenger in the back seat. These results are valid for collision speeds below 45 km/h.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1984

Major determinants of premature mortality in middle-aged urban males. Alcohol-related deaths and degree of participation in a preventive population program against alcohol and its complications.

The total, consecutive mortality in a population of 10,353 middle-aged males invited to participate in a preventive medical population program in Malmö was followed up 1.5-6.5 years, mean 4.5 years, after the time of invitation and analyzed in relation to participation or nonparticipation, forensic or in-hospital autopsy and possible intervention effects. The total mortality was twice as high in the nonparticipants as in the participants, and the death rate due to alcohol-related diseases was five times higher. There were no significant differences in other causes of death, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. In the nonparticipants autopsied at the Forensic Department the proportion of alcohol-related deaths was 60.5%, compared with 10.0% in participants autopsied in hospital. A history of alcohol abuse was present in 45.2% of the total sample, and in 61.0% of the group autopsied at the Forensic Department. In participants with increased screening gamma-glutamyltransferase, mortality at 48-72 months' follow-up was lower in an intervention group in comparison with a control group matched for sex, age and gamma-glutamyltransferase. The results support findings that alcohol-related deaths, nonparticipation in a preventive population program, and intervention effects in a public health strategy against alcohol and its complications are major determinants of premature mortality in middle-aged urban males.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Postmortem computed tomography in a diving fatality.

Determination of the exact cause of death in diving casualties is usually difficult at autopsy. In such cases, formation of gas in various organs is sometimes supposed to be causative, and thus establishment of the exact distribution of gas is crucial. This is not possible by conventional autopsy techniques. In the head of a 20-year-old navy diver who died during a dive to a maximum depth of 43 m, it was possible to demonstrate the distribution of gas by cerebral computed tomography. Gas was also found by conventional X-ray examination of the right ventricle and by pulmonary angiography in the pulmonary arteries. It seems probable that the attempted resuscitation was unsuccessful because of ongoing decompression sickness.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1982

Alcohol-related death: a major contributor to mortality in urban middle-aged men.

The role of alcohol abuse in mortality was studied in an unselected population of over 10,000 46-48-year-old men in Malmö, Sweden. During follow-up of 0-6 years (mean 3 years) 199 men died. In 61 men (30.7%) death was alcohol related. A theoretical calculation of excess deaths in men with an alcohol-positive history yielded 78 deaths (39.2%). In the official cause of death statistics 10 of the deaths had been assigned alcoholic aetiology (5.0%). These estimates indicate that alcohol was the commonest underlying factor in death in this sample of middle-aged men. The number of deaths with alcoholic aetiology in official cause of death statistics should be multiplied by a factor of six to eight to arrive at the true alcohol-related death rate.

Accident Proneness↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Occurrence of barbiturate, benzodiazepine, meprobamate, methaqualone and phenothiazine in car occupants killed in traffic accidents in the south of Sweden.

An investigation of the following psychoactive drugs: barbiturate, benzodiazepine, meprobamate, methaqualone and phenothiazine, was performed on all automobile occupants killed in accidents in southern Sweden during 1977 and 1978. Of 122 drivers and 55 passengers analysed, low concentrations of these drugs were found in nine drivers and in five passengers. Thus, 7.3% of the drivers were driving under the influence of drugs and, of these, two drivers (1.6% of all analysed drivers) were also inebriated. Twenty-three per cent of the drivers were inebriated only. According to the circumstances in the accidents and the number of drivers whose analyses proved positive, drug influence seldom seems to be the cause of fatal traffic accidents.

Accidents, Traffic↗