Radioactivity was recovered in fetuses of pregnant rats following administration of radioactive T2-toxin. The transplacental effects of T2-toxin were studied by ip administration or oral feeding of pregnant rats at doses equivalent to natural contaminations and compatible with the maintenance of pregnancy. Body weights of the newborn rats from treated females were similar to the body weights of the control animals but their thymuses were atrophic. This atrophy was reversible in one week. Since the measurement of antibody production for fetuses and newborns is not feasible, the lymphoblastic response to mitogen of the splenic and thymic cells of baby rats from treated and control females was tested. At 4 and 6 days after birth, a good response to PHA for the thymic cells of the mother treated young rats was observed. Histological examination of the thymus showed that one day after birth the cortex was atrophic while the medulla was proliferative; on day six the situation was reversed. For the spleen, both B and T cells were impaired and their responsiveness to PHA and LPS decreased. On days 1 and 6, the periarteriolar sheats, as well as the follicles, appeared atrophic. These results show that T2-toxin easily passes the placental barrier and that T2-toxin injection or feedings at levels (2 ppm) similar to those in naturally contaminated foods, produced an impairment of the immune system of the newborn.

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PubMedDate not supplied

Contamination of dairy products by fungal metabolites.

The contamination of dairy products with various mycotoxins or other undesirable fungal metabolites can be attributed a.o. to ingestion of contaminated feed or the accidental development of molds and by consequence the excretion of fungal metabolites into the intermediate product. Different dairy products of commercial origin were examined: milk powder, reconstituted infant milk powder, and cheese. In addition to that, environmental factors contributing to the formation of the undesired fungal metabolites were studied. It was found that the presence of mycotoxins in dairy products is more related to the environmental factors causing mold growth on dairy products than to the ingestion of moldy feed by the cow.

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PubMedDate not supplied

[Toxic metabolites from Fusarium causing alimentary toxic aleukia (author's transl)].

The toxicity of extracts from Fusarium poae and F. sporotrichioides, incriminated as agents of alimentary toxic aleukia, is attributed to the presence of 12-13-epoxytrichothecenes. This is specially the case of T2 toxin and diacetoxyscirpenol.

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