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Biomedical subjects

P Latry

Publications and source records attributed to P Latry.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Low doses of GM-CSF (molgramostim) and G-CSF (filgrastim) after cyclophosphamide (4 g/m2) enhance the peripheral blood progenitor cell harvest: results of two randomized studies including 120 patients.

The use of a combination of G-CSF and GM-CSF versus G-CSF alone, after cyclophosphamide (4 g/m2) was compared in two randomized phase III studies, including 120 patients. In study A, 60 patients received 5 x 2 microg/kg/day of G-CSF and GM-CSF compared to 5 mug/kg/day of G-CSF. In study B, 60 patients received 2.5 x 2 microg/kg/day G-CSF and GM-CSF compared to G-CSF alone (5 microg/kg/day). With the aim to collect at least 5 x 10(6)/kg CD34 cells in a maximum of three large volume leukapherises (LK), 123 LK were performed in study A, showing a significantly higher number of patients reaching 10 x 10(6)/kg CD34 cells (21/29 in G+GM-CSF arm vs 11/27 in G-CSF arm, P=0.00006). In study B, 109 LK were performed, with similar results (10/27 vs 15/26, P=0.003). In both the study, the total harvest of CD34 cells/kg was twofold higher in G-CSF plus GM-CSF group (18.3 x 10(6) in study A and 15.85 x 10(6) in study B) than in G-CSF group (9 x 10(6) in study A and 8.1 x 10(6) in study B), a significant difference only seen in multiple myeloma, with no significant difference in terms of mobilized myeloma cells between G-CSF and GM-CSF groups.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Patterns of risperidone prescription: a utilization study in south-west France.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the patterns of prescriptions associated with risperidone in naturalistic clinical practice. METHOD: We analysed 500 prescription forms randomly selected from the social security insurance database in Aquitaine (south-west France). RESULTS: The prevalence of co-prescription was 42.5% for antidepressants, 46.4% for benzodiazepines, 26.6% for other neuroleptics, 21.8% for mood stabilizers and 19% for anticholinergic drugs. The high prevalence of co-prescribed antidepressants (59.3% Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) may be explained by the frequent comorbidity of mood disorders in schizophrenia, and by the fact that risperidone was prescribed in naturalistic conditions in disorders other than schizophrenia. CONCLUSION: The high level of concomitant drug prescription in patients treated with risperidone illustrates the gap between clinical trials and utilization in naturalistic settings. The association antidepressant-risperidone has been insufficiently studied for efficacy or safety, and has to be explored further from both a pharmacological and clinical point of view.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Adult cataract surgery in Aquitaine: motivations, technical procedures and results. Inventory in 1999].

PURPOSE: Cataract surgery in the Aquitaine department in France has been investigated in terms of motivations, technical procedures, and results. METHODS: Observations were made from a retrospective sample of 500 operations performed during the last 3 months of 1999. Information was collected concerning patient motivation, the technical aspects of the operation, inpatient or outpatient management, the major follow-up events and the functional results. RESULTS: The study showed substantially altered visual function in most of the patients before the operation, very few preliminary technical investigations, a phacoemulsification procedure in 97% of the cases, and 95% good or very good results. Outpatient surgery was performed in 33% cases, comparable to the 23% average in France over the same period of time. Two cases of endophthalmia were diagnosed and successfully treated. Secondary cataract appeared in 16 patients during the 6-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION: These results show that practices in Aquitaine comply with current standards. They suggest that all the components necessary to further development of cataract surgery are in place, as long as the surgical supply is able to respond to the increasing demand.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Validity of pretransfusion bedside agglutination tests for pretransfusional control].

The incidence rate of ABO hazards of transfusion remains high in France. In this country, bedside pretransfusion controls include an agglutination test for red cells only, although its validity has scarcely been assessed in the practice. 847 nurses from 9 public hospitals and private clinics in a French region participated in a study aimed at measuring the sensitivity and specificity of pretransfusion bedside agglutination tests within hospital wards. Sensitivity was found to be 93.9% +/- 3%. Nondetection of mismatching was increased by two risk factors only: having worked more than 4 years in the same ward, and not having been trained to use this test. The sensitivity of this test might still be improved. This test is found sensitive enough to be kept. Nevertheless, if used alone, it is not a safe protection against recipient's mismatch. Authors recommend both to improve agglutination test sensitivity and to link it strongly to the bedside checking of both transfusion information and the recipient's identity.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed2001

Reduced intensity conditioning: enhanced graft-versus-tumor effect following dose-reduced conditioning and allogeneic transplantation for refractory lymphoid malignancies after high-dose therapy.

Non-myeloablative regimens have been proven to allow engraftment following allogeneic stem cells transplantation (allo-SCT) with minimal procedure-related toxicity. Conventional allo-SCT may produce remissions in patients with relapsed and refractory lymphoid malignancies (LM) but these good results may be achieved at the cost of high treatment-related morbidity and mortality. Application of allo-SCT using less intensive regimens may temper the frequency of these complications, allowing a potent graft-versus-tumor effect (GVT). We present our data on 11 patients with LM receiving allo-SCT with a reduced regimen. Ten patients had received previous high-dose therapy, and were at high risk for toxicity, thus precluding the use of allo-SCT. A fludarabine and low-dose busulfan combination facilitated engraftment while exerting GVT. Hematological recovery was quick, and full donor T cell chimerism preceded acute GVHD. GVHD and infections were the major problems. Spontaneous acute GVHD occurred in eight patients (72%). Five patients (45%) achieved complete remission, and the GVT effect was closely associated with GVHD. These results support the concept that GVT is effective against LM in patients who have been heavily pretreated. Further studies are needed to investigate strategies to generate more specific alloreactive effects providing optimal GVT and an acceptable risk of GVHD and infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Hepatox: database on hepatotoxic drugs].

Hepatox is a data base on the hepatotoxic drugs file published every year in Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique. The program was developed under Omnis 7 for Apple computers, and under Visual Basic Professional Toolkit and Code Base for IBM PC and compatibles computers. The data base includes forms of 866 drugs identified by their approved name and those of their 1,300 corresponding proprietary names in France; drugs are distributed among 104 pharmacological classes. It is possible to have instantaneously access to the card of a drug identified by its approved name. Acceding to a drug identified by its proprietary name gives a list of the approved name of its components; going from a name of this list to the correspondent card of hepatoxicity is immediate. It is easy to extract lists of drugs responsible of a type of hepatic injury, and a table of types of hepatic injuries induced by the drugs of a pharmacological class.

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury↗
PubMed1987

Perisinusoidal fibrosis and basement membrane-like material in the livers of diabetic patients.

A direct correlation exists between collagenization of Disse's space and the presence of diabetic microangiopathy in type I diabetes. To confirm and extend this finding, we studied four liver biopsy samples from two patients with type I diabetes (one with retinopathy) and two patients with type II diabetes (no retinopathy). All had normal or subnormal results on liver function tests and normal liver architecture. Levels of collagen types I, III, and IV, laminin, and fibronectin, as determined by immunocytochemical techniques, appeared increased in all patients. Liver biopsy samples were perfusion fixed for electron microscopy of sinusoids and sinusoidal cells. Numerous and thick collagen bundles could be seen in Disse's space, as could the increase of basement membrane-like material underlying the endothelial cells, perisinusoidal cells, and sinusoidal membrane of hepatocytes. Perisinusoidal cells were active and had abundant rough endoplasmic reticula and thick processes. This preliminary study indicates that collagenization of Disse's space is not specific to a certain type of diabetes. The increase of basement membrane-like material raises the question of whether liver sinusoids are truly different from other capillaries as far as diabetic microangiopathy is concerned.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The sinusoidal barrier in alcoholic patients without liver fibrosis. A morphometric study.

Alcohol induces morphological changes in the endothelial and perisinusoidal cells at the fibrotic stage of alcoholic liver diseases. Directly or indirectly, through hemodynamic disturbances linked to the enlargement of steatotic hepatocytes, alcohol may modify this barrier before the onset of fibrosis. Liver biopsies were obtained from control and from alcoholic patients and perfusion-fixed. Volume and surface densities of endothelial cells, perisinusoidal cells and their processes were measured. Liver histology was normal in the 2 groups except for steatosis in the alcoholics. Volume densities represented 8.2%, 4.7% and 3.2% of the sinusoid in controls for endothelial cells, perisinusoidal cells and their processes whereas surface densities represented respectively 0.5, 0.23, 0.21 m2/cm3 of sinusoid. Morphometric values were not significantly different in the alcoholic patients. In none of the alcoholic patients did fine morphological studies of sinusoidal cells give any indication of the possible evolution of the alcoholic disease towards fibrosis. These results indicate that in the group of patients studied, alcohol, before the fibrotic stage, did not significantly alter the sinusoidal barrier.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Perisinusoidal cells in patients with normal liver histology. A morphometric study.

We measured the number and the morphometric characteristics of perisinusoidal cells in perfusion-fixed biopsy samples from 7 control patients with normal liver histology. On 1-micron section, the number of cells was 18 +/- 1.5/0.1 mm2; 25% of cells did not apparently contain lipids. There were no significant zonal differences. The volume density of the cells represented 1 +/- 0.2% of the hepatic parenchyma. On ultrathin sections, the volume and surface densities of processes were 3.2 +/- 0.7% of sinusoid and 0.21 +/- 0.04 m2/cm3 of sinusoid respectively which represented 70% and 90% of total PSC volume and surface densities. Lipid volume density was 20.5 +/- 7.3% of the nucleated cell. More than 30% of cells contained less than 10% of lipids. There was no correlation between lipid volume density and RER surface density.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Impact of demographic changes on drug utilization related to diabetes in Aquitaine].

Diabetes is a chronic disease highly correlated to age. In 1998, the Sickness Find of the Aquitaine region has reimbursed 273 million French Francs for expenditures related to diabetes pharmaceuticals. The amount would increase to 300 million French Francs in 2005, a growth of nearly 10%, whereas the Aquitaine population would increase only 4%, from 2,909,000 in 1998 to 3,024,000 seven years later. The difference comes from population aging, as the calculations are undertaken "other things being equal": the insurance coverage rate, the disease prevalence rate, the consumption of pharmaceuticals per patient are supposed unchanged during the period.

Adolescent↗