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Biomedical subjects

P Leonhardt

Publications and source records attributed to P Leonhardt.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with sarcoidosis--methodologic aspects of the collection, immunologic characterization of lymphocytes and studies of immunoglobulin content].

The activity of alveolitis in 25 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis was determined by analysis of T-Lymphocytes and their subpopulations collected by broncho-alveolar lavage. The characterization of the lymphocytes was performed with monoclonal antibodies (BL-series). An amount of T-lymphocytes higher than 28% of all cells and a proportion of T4/T8-lymphocytes of 8:1 and over are signs of the activity of the alveolitis and an indication for corticoid therapy.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

[Immunoglobulin content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in sarcoidosis].

The amount of albumins and immunoglobulins in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid of sarcoidosis patients were measured and correlated with cellular activity parameters in sarcoidosis. It could be shown that IgG and IgA, related to albumin, were increased in comparison with serum while the IgM fraction was decreased. In general, the highest values of immunoglobulins were found in active sarcoidosis.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1987

[Value of cytologic diagnosis of pulmonary carcinoid tumors. A morphologico-clinical analysis].

14 centrally and 16 peripherally located carcinoid tumors of the lung were included in the study. For the centrally situated carcinoids the cytological interpretation of imprints or smears from the surface of the biopsy specimens turned out to be superior to the histological diagnosis based on the same endoscopic bronchial biopsy. 10 out of 12 cytologically investigated cases were correctly diagnosed. In the remaining 2 cases one was misdiagnosed as a small cell carcinoma and the other one raised suspicion of malignancy (Pap-III-finding), but no definitive diagnosis could be made. By contrast, out of 11 histologically investigated endoscopic biopsies from central carcinoids 5 were misdiagnosed as small cell carcinomas and in one case the material obtained endoscopically was inadequate. Out of the 16 peripheral carcinoid tumors only 5 were diagnosed cytologically: 3 by catheter aspiration and 2 by transthoracic needle biopsy. The characteristic cytologic feature of carcinoid tumors and the cytological differential diagnosis are described in detail.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1982

[Results of the transthoracic fine needle biopsy].

The transthoracic fine needle biopsy is a very efficient method in the differential diagnosis of pathological intraplumonary or mediastinal processes. If the material is representative (out of 918 patients in 71.6 percent), the cytological examination produced a correct result in 93.4 percent (in 614 cases out of 658). In 428 cases of intrathoracic malignant diseases an accurate diagnosis was established in 94.6 percent, and out of the patients with a benign inflammatory disease we could give frequently a hint at the definitive diagnosis in addition with other clinical and paraclinical dates. The false positive rate was 1.3 percent, and in 5.3 percent a false negative result was obtained. Our rate of complications was 16.7 percent.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1980

[The bioptical exploration of non-tuberculous cavities in the lungs].

Considering the difficulties in X-ray differentiating, every lung abscess should be submitted to a bronchologic-bioptical control. In using the fine needle biopsy for the cytological evaluation, no severe complications could be observed so far. A promising therapy of the lung abscess is given by perthoracal local treatment.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed1980

[Biopsy of suspected metastatic lung lesions].

Among the tumours of the lung metastatic formations are to be expected in 7.5 to 10% of the cases. This is based on the anamnesis, on the X-ray findings or on the results from bioptical examinations. Compared with primary tumours, cytological investigations of the exfoliative material are less effective (positive results in about 50% of the cases). As metastatic formations primarily manifest themselves in the interstitium and only late touch the bronchial system, direct excision of material or methods of puncture respectively are from the first much more promising. Sixty out of 95 patients with pulmonary processes, supposed to show metastatic formations, had been submitted to a bioptical control, mainly by means of fine needle biopsy, with the following cytological evaluation of the material. In 50 cases it was possible to secure the finding morphologically, i.e. in 83.3% of the cases. The cytological appearance, too, leads to a clear position to the primary tumour, for example in hypernephroid carcinomas, pigment-storing melanomas, diseases of the lymphatic system and various sarcomas.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1980

[Studies on the E rosette test (author's transl)].

The number of T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of normal subjects and patients with bronchial carcinoma was determined by using the E rosette test. In a comparative study we counted the "total" rosette forming cells and the "active" rosette forming cells using a lymphocytes-sheep red cells-ratio (Ly-SRBC-R) of 1:8 and 1:40. The numbers or rosettes in the two test systems are in correlation with the Ly-SRBC-R despite other differences in the techniques. -A significant difference was determined between normal subjects and patients with the "active" rosette test only with a L-SRBC-R of 1:40. By contrast the values with the L-SRBC-R of 1:8 were not very different between the two groups. -Also the number of "total" rosettes was significantly different between blood donors and carcinoma patients, using the L-SRBC-R. 1:40. -These results are not of direct clinical relevance, because the values of normal subjects and carcinoma patients are overlapping.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

[Cytodiagnosis in lung diseases].

The main application of the clinical cytology in pulmonary diseases is a possibly early and certain tumour diagnostics. This is successful in 80 to 90% of the cases. The rate of the falsely positive findings is in general lower than 1%, in the own material at 0.5%. When the cytodiagnostician taken into consideration reference pictures to benign diseases and helps his clinical partner in the classification of these findings into the entire clinical pictures, the value of the cytodiagnostics increases manifold. These descriptions were confirmed by cytological pictures and of cases instances.

Asbestosis↗
PubMed1977

[Statement of the bioptic diagnostic in intrathoracic sarcoidosis--team work of 6 lung hospitals of the GDR (author's transl)].

A nearly nation-wide team-work of six chest hospitals was made with 4284 patients to analyse all performed diagnostic procedures up to the present. Its frequency and diagnostic importance in relation to the radiographic stages of the disease were examined. Especially the procedure of bronchologic examination, having been partly underrated with the morphological ascertainment of sarcoidosis, are now purposefully analysed. This showed that also with perbronchic punction-biopsy and bronchoscopic excision morphologically confirming of the diagnosis was possible at a high percentage. On the other side the right diagnosis was made clinically before bioptic procedures in the majority of the patients. The overall conclusion is that, according to the experiences made in our hospitals, the relatively harmless bronchologic procedures are in general sufficient to obtain bioptic verfication of the diagnosis "sarcoidosis". Other bioptic operations like mediastinoscopy or lung biopsy can be restricted to cases with reasonable doube of the diagnosis.

Biopsy, Needle↗