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Biomedical subjects

P Lesch

Publications and source records attributed to P Lesch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

A.E. Bennett Research Award 1993. Olfactory neuroblasts from Alzheimer donors: studies on APP processing and cell regulation.

Cell lines of continuously dividing human olfactory neuroblasts can be propagated using olfactory epithelium obtained from human donors at biopsy or autopsy. The expression of neuronal proteins in these cells, such as neurofilament protein and tau protein, can be increased using a combination of factors including nerve growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, interleukin 1 and interleukin 6. These cells also express aspects of human disease. Olfactory neuroblasts generated from donors with the common, sporadic forms of Alzheimer's disease, show elevated levels of the direct precursor to beta-amyloid, the amyloid precursor protein C-terminal derivative (CTD). When treated with the lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine, immunoblots of Alzheimer olfactory neuroblasts show seven-fold higher levels of CTDs than immunoblots from age-matched control neuroblasts. The disease related increases in CTDs can be reversed by treatment with agents that increase intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), such as dibutyryl-cyclic-AMP, theophylline, and isoproterenol.

Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMed1985

Stricter selection criteria improve the results of shunt surgery.

Between October, 1976 and December, 1982, 176 patients with full-blown liver cirrhosis were referred to us either with Acute oesophageal variceal bleeding, or after having had such a haemorrhage. Eight of these patients died of a haemorrhage that did not respond to conservative treatment, or of hepatic failure after emergency surgery. After receiving initial conservative treatment, 168 patients were classified in accordance with clinical, biochemical and haemodynamic selection criteria, particular importance being attached to the haemodynamic criteria. One-hundred-and-one of these patients in whom a shunt operation was not justifiable, were treated conservatively by means of repeated sclerotherapy. In the cases of acute bleeding, a balloon tamponade was performed in 3, an emergency shunt procedure in 1 and palliative dissection surgery in 4. Twenty-three patients in a non-bleeding state were treated conservatively without sclerotherapy. Shunt surgery was performed in 44 patients; out of the 42 patients shown by our selection criteria to be suitable for shunt surgery, only 1 patient died, 5 days after the operation, of cardiac failure with underlying toxic cardiomyopathy. In view of the low early mortality rate in selectively operated patients, a major argument against the use of the shunt for the treatment of portal hypertension is no longer valid, and it should again be considered whether the surgical procedure might not provide better long-term results than does conservative sclerotherapy alone.

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1978

[Rupture of postoperative adhesions and hemorrhage--a rare complication of peritoneoscopy (author's transl)].

A case report is given of a patient, who had been operated upon because of gall stones before; the gall bladder had not been removed. At a later date peritoneoscopy was planned and gas insufflated into the abdominal cavity in the usual manner; the patient did not complain about anything particular during peritoneoscopy. However adhesions apparently having formed after the earlier operation between the spleen and the abdominal wall did rupture during this procedure leading to a continously oozing hemorrhage from the spleen. At surgery 3 1 of blood were found in the abdominal cavity and splenectomy became unavoidable. This case report is given in order to draw attention to this sort of complication of peritoneoscopy.

Female↗
PubMed1978

[Internistic diagnosis of the parenchymatous epigastric organs (author's transl)].

Since endoscopy became part of routine diagnostic measures in epigastric diseases, less weight has been attached to x-ray examinations, although the range of application of radiological diagnosis has widened rather than narrowed. In the first place this must be ascribed to the combined diagnostic methods of endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography (ERCP), percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) and to a limited extent also to percutaneous transjugular cholangiography (PTJC). All three methods are typical examples of the increasing importance of teamwork between the internist engaged in gastroenterology and the radiologist. Other methods, too, the application of which is being practised both by internists and radiologists, are growing in importance, such as sonography and computerised tomography. However, the decisive factor is that today the indication for radiological examinations can be determined in a much more selective fashion than only a few years age: enzymological and serological laboratory and functional investigations are now being used as routine and screening methods and will enable the internist to direct pointed questions at the radiologist. X-ray diagnostics can hold its own within the framework of internistic general diagnostics only if it pays more attention to the more refined examination methods.

Cholangiography↗