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Biomedical subjects

P Leyder

Publications and source records attributed to P Leyder.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Unfavorable effects induced by mandibular surgery in Class II malocclusions].

The sagittal split ramus osteotomy is probably the most frequently used procedure for correction of mandibular skeletal dento-facial deformities. In the 30 years since the procedure was introduced, a number of complications has been reported: unfavorable fracture during surgery, paresthesia or anesthesia and relapse. The literature seems to be very poor concerning the esthetical and morphological complications of the sagittal split ramus osteotomy; especially when treating Class II dento-facial deformity frequently associated with a genioplasty. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the esthetical complications occurring after mandibular surgery in patients with Class II dento-facial deformities: Pre-angular notches, Widening of the bi-angular distance, The unaesthetic effects of the associated genioplasty, Class III like "dento-facial deformities", Plates and screws visibility. Each of those complications has been analyzed to find a preventive treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Sagittal osteotomy of the ascending ramus. Technic and value of transcutaneous basilar osteotomy].

Dalpont II sagittal osteotomy is the procedure of choice for prognathism. The surface for bone consolidation can be significantly increased by an anterior extension of the section, favored in cases with major skeletal imbalance. Neurosensorial or bone complications often compromise sagittal surgery. Section may be difficult if the basilary bone is particularly solid; simple section is not entirely satisfactory due to the risk and is not well adapted to Dalpont II osteotomy. We present a novel technique for transcutaneous basilar osteotomy using a modified transjugal retractor and a mini saw blade. This technique gives a Dalpont II sagittal osteotomy with a long reproducible and safe valve.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1993

[Correction of nose deviations using latero-septal grafts from irradiated bovine cartilage].

Deviated noses corrective surgery is not without problems. Authors give the result obtained by the use of processed irradiated bovine cartilage (Chondroplast) as spreader graft in eighteen rhinoplasty, associated with a classical septorhinoplasty technique. The maximum background is five years. The future of the grafts can be appreciated on direct signs obtained by palpation, or indirect ones such as stability of the functional or aesthetic result, radiological visualisation of the bovine cartilage graft. Their volumetric stability is satisfactory and their guide role is excellent. This undisputed aid in the aesthetic and functional correction of deviated noses, associated with availability, easy use and a good tolerance, made the authors use spreader grafts in processed irradiated bovine cartilage as a choice technique in this indication, associated with bone and septal surgery, when local cartilage autografts are not available in sufficient quantities.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Allografts of cryo-preserved and radio-sterilized spongy bone tissue. Their use in orthognathic surgery].

In some circumstances, the orthognathic surgery creates inter-fragmentary spaces which have to be filled to ensure that the osteotomized segments are wedged and consolidated, and to avoid the appearance of unsightly subcutaneous contours. The authors report the results obtained through the use of cryo-preserved radio-sterilized cancellous bone allografts, coming from femoral heads, used as fillers, in diverse types of osteotomy. Thus, 19 centers of osteotomy have been filled. Follow-up periods ranged from 5 to 20 months. In 8 cases, evidence was made through radiology of the blending of the grafts. The stability of the correction was constantly noticed as well as the perfectly harmonious facial contours, which testifies the osteogenic qualities of this material. No sepsis was observed. It is a quantitatively available material, of easy shaping, the use of which does not lead to a lengthening of the operation, nor to the creation of cutaneous scars. The risk of viral transmission through allografts, specially H.I.V. and hepatitis non A - non B - non C virus is nil due to the radiosterilization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Neurovascular sequelae related to the removal of forearm fasciocutaneous free flaps with radial pedicle. Preliminary study].

The authors study the consequences of amputation of the radial artery in order to create a Chinese forearm graft on the blood supply and innervation of the upper limb. After a brief review of the anatomy, the haemodynamics of the upper limb are studied in detail. Preoperative assessment by Hallen's test is generally sufficient. Postoperatively, pulsed Doppler studies provide the most useful information. Compensatory development of the interosseous artery is always observed and, in seven out of nine cases, this is associated with a marked increase in the blood flow in all of the arteries of the upper limb, especially in the hand. Of all of the methods of investigation available, this examination is able to demonstrate the safety of forearm grafts in the very great majority of cases.

Arm↗
PubMed1988

[Testicular autotransplantation in children. Apropos of 2 cases].

The authors presents 2 observations of testicular autotransplantation at 11 and 13 years age; the 2 boys had bilateral cryptorchism. Analysis of the literature allows good conclusions for the liability of this technique with less than 20% of secondary atrophies. Particularly interesting to note 2 successful operation on children 2 years old. The indications are limited, mainly discussed is bilateral abdominal cryptorchism (mostly Prune Belly Syndrome). The autotransplantation is reserved for the normal appearance testicles with good hormonal function. The operation is preferable using inguino-iliac extra-peritoneal pass; that exploration is very important and at last only in 20% of abdominal cryptorchism could autotransplantation be considered. The malignancy transformation risk is poor if break down is done before 10 years old, however a regular and very long follow-up is necessary: Clinic, vascular, biopsies sometimes at a little doubt. Preservation of hormonal function and fertility hope represent the expected advantages; spermatic analysis are still absent because the too recent autotransplantation. As for usual testicular ectopies for sure it would be preferable to do early autotransplantation, just after 2 years of age, if this is possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Respective indications for free and pedicle flaps of the latissimus dorsi in maxillofacial surgery].

Retrospective analysis of 41 cases of transfer of free and pedicle musculocutaneous flaps of latissimus dorsi for selected or obligatory maxillofacial indications resulted in the review and critical assessment of the different modes of utilization of these flaps. Experience acquired, and continuously updated by new scientific data or a new clinical case, justifies the use of this exceptional technic, which should not be extended to include those cases able to be treated by simpler, more reliable methods. Similarly the fact that this muscle can be transferred using a microsurgical technic cannot enlarge its use beyond that motivated by reasoned medical imperatives. Modalities of preparation of the flap are described and its multiple applications demonstrated using several examples: indications for latissimus dorsi flap in maxillofacial surgery and reasons for performance of micro-anastomotic transfer.

Female↗
PubMed1985

[Treatment of inveterate unilateral dislocations of the mandible by open repositioning of the condyle and meniscectomy].

A new method for treating inveterate forms of mandibular luxation is described, after a brief review of conventional therapeutic procedures. The route of approach chosen provides wide exposure of the temporo-mandibular joint, the endoarticular approach ensuring protection of pericondylar venous plexuses and of the internal mammary artery by allowing section of the external pterygoid tendon and the performance of a juxta-cervical capsulotomy. Excellent results were obtained in two patients with unilateral inveterate dislocation of the mandible operated upon using this procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Complex odontoma and composite odontoma. Apropos of 2 cases].

Two cases of odontoma are reported, one lesion being a compound odontoma and the other a complex odontoma, the latter provoking facial pain combined with rhino-sinusal allergic phenomena. These two cases are used as a basis for an update classification of odontomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Posterior iliac donor sites. Should they be considered more often?].

Spongy bone grafts are characterised by their resistance to infection and their great osteogenic potential. These qualities are valuable in facio-maxillary surgery. The anterior superior iliac crest, the usual donor site for cortico-spongy bone grafts is unsuitable for the removal of large quantities of spongy bone. The posterior iliac crest, which is used by orthopaedic surgeons, is a rich donor site for spongy bone, which is not generally used by facio-maxillary surgeons. The abundance and quality of the bone obtained, the simplicity of the postoperative course and the relative absence of pain of this site make it a good indication. The change in the operative position should not constitute an obstacle to its use.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1984

[Wide excision in cancer of the tongue: the choice of approach, modalities of reconstruction].

Surgical treatment of extensive carcinoma of the tongue requires reconsideration at the present time: firstly, because the efficacy of other therapeutic measures is rapidly suppressed by the size of the tumors, and there is not theoretical reason for excluding extensive surgery, and secondly, because esthetic and functional sequelae of these bloody treatments have been totally modified by the introduction of new reconstructive techniques. Based on a series of 16 cases treated during a one-year period, the conditions for surgery of vast malignant tongue tumors (T3, T4, N indifferent) are analyzed, and findings emphasize the need for a wide approach. Clear exposure is obtained, the continuity of the mandibular arch is conserved, and effective anatomical and functional reconstruction obtained of tissues sacrificed by the musculocutaneous flaps.

Glossectomy↗
PubMed1984

[Mandibular bone tumors. Diagnostic difficulties].

A session of the "Société de Stomatologie et de Chirurgie maxillo-faciale de France" was devoted to a discussion of diagnostic difficulties in cases of mandibular bone tumors. Several case-reports were presented as a basis for comments on clinical and radiologic criteria of the benign or malignant nature of bone tumors, these being the foundation on which to establish the most effective surgical approach to adopt. Pre-operative biopsy is not considered essential when confirmation of diagnostic has been obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Primary oral syphilis. A sometimes difficult diagnosis].

There recently treated cases of primary buccal syphilis are reported. The lesions are discussed, with the aid of photographs, and overall symptomatology described with the aim of providing permanent training of the young. A review of primary, secondary and tertiary syphilis is followed by a summary of diagnostic criteria and therapy.

Adult↗