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Biomedical subjects

P Litoux

Publications and source records attributed to P Litoux.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Induction of myelo-monocytic My7 antigen (CD13) expression by interferon-alpha in basal cells of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.

The My7 antigen that is expressed on the basal cells in normal skin and inflammatory disorders is absent in the lesions of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Induction of My7 expression in basal cells in the cutaneous lesions of 12 patients with mycosis fungoides and three with Sézary syndrome treated with interferon-alpha 2a (IFN-alpha 2a) for 10 months was investigated. Biopsies were taken from the same area before treatment and after 2, 6 and 10 months of therapy with IFN-alpha 2a. My7 antigen was expressed on the basal cells only in those patients who showed either a complete or partial response to therapy with IFN-alpha 2a.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1992

Comparative effects of two topical antiseptics (chlorhexidine vs KMn04) on bacterial skin flora in atopic dermatitis.

In order to determine the efficacy and tolerance of two topical antiseptics, chlorhexidine vs KMn04 (diluted at 1:20,000), we compared their bacteriological and clinical effects in a randomized trial on 20 children with Atopic Dermatitis (AD) treated with topical steroids (desonide). After treatment, a clinical improvement was noted in the two groups, though without statistical differences. In vivo: Before treatment, Staphylococcus aureus (S.A.) density was high and predominant in both groups. After treatment, the decrease in S.A. was greater in the chlorhexidine group than in the KMn04 group, without significant difference. In vitro: At the clinical dilution used, there was a statistical difference (p < 0.05) between the number of killed bacteria in the chlorhexidine group (-3 log) and the number in the KMn04 group (-1 log). This study confirms the role and importance of the choice of a topical antiseptic in the treatment of AD.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1992

Zinc salts effects on granulocyte zinc concentration and chemotaxis in acne patients.

To explore the mechanism by which zinc acts on cutaneous inflammatory lesions, we studied granulocyte zinc levels and in vitro polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis in 20 acne patients before and after 2 months of zinc therapy (200 mg/day zinc gluconate). The zinc level was assayed by flame absorption spectrophotometry and chemotaxis was performed by agarose assay. After 2 months of treatment, a significant decrease in granulocyte zinc level associated with inhibition of chemotaxis (r = 0.69) was observed in 16 patients. This suggests that zinc anti-inflammatory action is related to inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis induced by a decreased granulocyte zinc level.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1992

[Muir-Torre syndrome. Apropos of a case associated with a familial form of cancer].

We report the case of 41 year-old male patient, in whom multiple and recurrent infrequent cutaneous lesions (sebaceous adenomas) led to suspect the diagnosis of Muir-Torre syndrome. This diagnosis was confirmed when 2 colo-rectal adenocarcinomas were discovered and curatively excised (trans-anal excision, followed by total colectomy). The Muir-Torre syndrome was part of a familial cancer syndrome in this case, as the patient's mother and brother died from colonic cancer before the age of 45. The case-report underlines the diagnostic role of cutaneous lesions in this syndrome, allowing early detection of internal malignancy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Changes in cutaneous zinc during skin aging].

Variations of epidermal zinc concentration with aging were studied by measuring zinc levels in the epidermis of two groups of healthy subjects: group A aged less than 35 years; group B aged more than 65 years. The epidermis was obtained from a suction blister, and zinc levels measurements were performed by absorption spectrophotometry. There was a significant decrease (p less than 0.01) of epidermal zinc concentration with aging, and zinc contents of the epidermis were the same in men and women. On the other hand, no significant difference was found in zinc blister fluid levels between the two groups, confirming the absence of relationship between plasma zinc and epidermal zinc. The decrease of epidermal zinc concentrations observed in elderly subjects might be due to a decrease of enzyme activities in the epidermis induced by aging; conversely, a low epidermal zinc level might induce, by itself, a fall in enzyme activities. Thus, zinc might play an important role in the development of alterations in keratinocytes with aging.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Cardiovascular manifestations associated with interferon alfa-2A].

Interferon-alpha is currently prescribed for many viral and neoplastic diseases; however, its side effects are poorly known. In this study, cardiovascular manifestations were specifically evaluated in 138 patients given interferon-alpha 2a for various dermatological diseases between 1987 and 1990. These patients were subjected to an indepth cardiovascular examination before the initiation of therapy and were monitored regularly throughout the treatment period. Six cardiac manifestations (4.3%) were observed, among which one unreported complete atrioventricular block. These side effects occurred at low doses (3-12 x 10(6) IU) in patients whose mean age was 63 years; 5 of the 6 patients had had previous cardiovascular incidents. These events seem to be independent of the cumulated dose. These findings draw attention to the cardiovascular side effects of interferon-alpha and advise prudence in high-risk patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Epidermal interleukin 1 in normal skin of patients with HIV infection.

Interleukin 1 (IL-1) in the epidermis plays an important role together with Langerhans cells in the activation of the T cells. To determine whether IL-1 could be located in the normal epidermis of 54 patients with HIV infection and related to the stage of the disease, an indirect immunofluorescence technique was used. Intense epidermal fluorescence to IL-1 was noted in the asymptomatic stage II of the disease, whereas there was minimal reactivity in the other stages.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

MY7 monoclonal antibody for diagnosis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

Infiltrate in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) is composed mainly of CD4 helper cells with a phenotype very similar to that of benign cutaneous lymphoid infiltrate. MY7 (CD13) is a monoclonal antibody that is normally expressed on peripheral granulocytes and monocytes but also cross-reacts with an antigen expressed on epidermal basal cells. We studied MY7 expression on basal cells of the epidermis and CD4 cell infiltrate in 34 CTCLs, 11 pseudolymphomas, and 29 other benign cutaneous lesions. An indirect immunofluorescence technique with double labeling and an immunoperoxidase technique were used. We found that in benign inflammatory infiltrate, less than 10% of CD4 cells expressed MY7 antigen associated with normal MY7 monoclonal antibody labeling of basal cells, whereas in CTCLs more than 50% of CD4 tumoral cells in dermis expressed MY7 antigens; however, basal cells were MY7 negative. Thus, it is demonstrated that MY7 monoclonal antibody with its double modulation on epidermis (basal cells) and dermis (CD4 cells) has diagnostic value for differentiating CTCLs with CD4+ MY7+ tumor cells in dermis and MY7-negative basal cells from benign inflammatory lesions with CD4+ MY7- cells in dermis and MY7-positive basal cells. This modulation of MY7 labeling could be related to the secretion of epidermal cytokines.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗