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Biomedical subjects

P Liukko

Publications and source records attributed to P Liukko.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Trace elements during 2 years' oral contraception with low-estrogen preparations.

In 17 healthy women, taking either a combination of 0.030 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 0.150 mg of levonorgestrel (n = 9) or a combination of 0.030 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 0.150 mg of desogestrel (n = 8) for oral contraception, the profiles of iron, calcium, copper, and zinc levels were investigated. The blood samplings were performed prior to oral contraception and after 3, 12, and 24 months' contraception, as well as within 2 months after discontinuation of the pill. No changes occurred in iron, calcium, and zinc levels. On the other hand, the copper level was significantly increased during oral contraception, yet returned to the initial level after discontinuation of contraception. No differences occurred between the two preparations for oral contraception.

Calcium↗
PubMed1988

Progestagen-dependent effect on some plasma proteins during oral contraception.

Seventeen healthy women received a combination of 0.030 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 0.150 mg of levonorgestrel or a combination of 0.030 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 0.150 mg of desogestrel for 2 years as oral contraception. Serum levels of sex hormone binding globulin, transcortin, ceruloplasmin, and pregnancy-associated protein were measured before contraception, during 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of treatment, and 2 months after stopping the pill. Oral contraception with both preparations induced a similar, significant rise in both ceruloplasmin and pregnancy-associated protein. Sex hormone binding globulin levels rose significantly with the ethinyl estradiol-desogestrel, but not with the ethinyl estradiol-levonorgestrel combination. Transcortin increased with both preparations, more with the ethinyl estradiol-desogestrel combination.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1987

Blood glucose, serum insulin, serum growth hormone and serum glycosylated proteins during two years' oral contraception with low-estrogen combinations.

Body weight, fasting blood glucose (GP) (BFG), serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI), serum growth hormone (GH) and serum glycosylated proteins were longitudinally followed in 2 groups of women during two years' oral contraception. One group (n = 10) received a combination of 0.030 mg ethinylestradiol and 0.150 mg levonorgestrel and the other (n = 10) a combination of 0.030 mg ethinylestradiol and 0.150 mg of desogestrel. There was a significant increase in BFG during the study and the values were still rising, when examined 2 months after discontinuation of the pill. Two subjects, reaching the level of 5.5 mmol/l showed normal pretreatment values, when investigated one year later. After 6 months' use of either preparation, GH significantly increased, remained on that level throughout the study and returned to the pretreatment level after discontinuation of the pill. Body weight, IRI and GPP did not change significantly during the study.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1987

Plasma renin activity, blood pressure and body weight during two years' oral contraception with two different low-estrogen combinations.

Body weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and plasma renin activity (PRA) were longitudinally followed in two groups of women during 2 years' oral contraception. One group (n = 10) received a combination of 0.150 mg levonorgestrel plus 0.030 mg ethinyloestradiol and the other (n = 10) a combination of 0.150 mg desogestrel plus 0.030 mg ethinyloestradiol. Three subjects discontinued the study due to relocation. No statistically significant changes occurred in any of the measured parameters.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1987

Sexual behaviour and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in teenagers.

Four groups of females 19 years of age were studied in order to investigate the sexual factors in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in teenagers. Group A consisted of 101 females treated for CIN, group B of 55 females with inflammatory atypic cytology (Pap cl. II), group C of 73 women with cervical chlamydial infection, and group D of 114 females with normal cervical cytology and negative chlamydial isolation. Subjects in group A had had significantly more deliveries and legal abortions than the subjects in the other groups. They used also more often oral contraception and had been treated more often for vaginal infections than the subjects in the other groups. Coital activities in group A had started at a significantly younger age than in group D; in the latter group 40% had no history of sexual intercourse. Also the numbers of partners and the coital frequency in group A were significantly higher than in group D. Our study provides further evidence for the theory that CIN is, at least partly, a sexually transmitted disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Gynecological follow-up of parkinsonian patients on long-term bromocriptine treatment.

Bromocriptine given for prolonged times at high doses has been found to induce tumors in the uterus in aged rats. To elucidate the possible tumorigenic effect of long-term treatment with bromocriptine in humans, 35 women treated with this drug for chronic parkinsonism were studied. For each patient a gynecological anamnesis and examination were performed; one or several cervicovaginal smears and endometrial samples were also taken, by jetwash. No evidence of malignant changes was seen. Thus, in this respect bromocriptine would appear to be a safe drug, even for long-term use.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Multicentre study of effects of Org OD 14 on endometrium, vaginal cytology and cervical mucus in post-menopausal and oophorectomized women.

A multicentre study covering 69 post-menopausal or oophorectomized women was performed to determine whether Org OD 14 [7 alpha, 17 alpha)-17-hydroxy-7-methyl-19-norpregn-5(10)-en-20-yn-3-one) administered orally in a daily dose of 2.5 mg for 90 consecutive days induces endometrial proliferation. The treatment with Org OD 14 was continued in combination with 1 mg/day of lynestrenol from day 91 for 10 days to ascertain whether secretory transformation of the endometrium and subsequent withdrawal bleeding would occur. Endometrial biopsies were obtained before treatment and on day 91. The effects of Org OD 14 on vaginal mucosa and cervical mucus were also evaluated. Org OD 14 did not display any effect on the endometrium in 56 of the study subjects (83.5%). Weak stimulation (initial proliferation) was seen in 11 of the subjects (16.4%) and withdrawal bleeding occurred in only 5 of these after cessation of the combined treatment with lynestrenol. However, moderate 'oestrogenic' effects on vaginal mucosa and cervical mucus were induced in all study subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Maternal serum copper and zinc concentrations in normal and small-for-date pregnancies.

Serum concentrations of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were determined in 20 non-pregnant healthy menstruating women and in 20 pregnant women during the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters and 5 weeks postpartum as a longitudinal study. Also a cross-sectional population of 106 women was studied. Further, Cu and Zn concentrations were measured in 13 pregnant women who gave birth to small-for-date (SFD) infants; this was done during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. The serum Cu concentration in nonpregnant women was 0.91 +/- 0.19 mg/l. During pregnancy it was significantly higher (1.48 +/- 0.31, 1.91 +/- 0.25 and 2.20 +/- 0.36 mg/l during the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters, respectively) and 5 weeks postpartum it was still higher (1.09 +/- 0.17 mg/l) than in the nonpregnant women. In the cross-sectional population, serum Cu and Zn values were of the same magnitude as in the longitudinal study. When longitudinal and cross-sectional values of serum Cu during the 3rd trimester were combined, the mean level (2.23 +/- 0.40 mg/l) was significantly higher than that in the SFD group (2.06 +/- 0.25 mg/l). Serum Zn in the SFD group (0.48 +/- 0.12 mg/l) did not differ significantly from the normal pregnant values.

Copper↗
PubMed1984

Serum total and unbound testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in female acne patients treated with two different oral contraceptives.

Serum total an unbound testosterone (T) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels were studied in fifty-four female acne patients before treatment and during the treatment by two different oral contraceptives, the other containing 0.150 mg desogestrel plus 0.03 mg EE and the other 0.150 mg levonorgestrel plus 0.03 mg EE. Pretreatment values were abnormal in 57% of the patients. A borderline significant correlation between the severity of acne and SHBG was found. Ater six months' treatment a 250% increase in SHBG was seen in desogestrel/EE group and no significant change in SHBG in levonorgestrel/EE group. However, at the same time serum free testosterone fell 60% in both treatment groups. SHBG cannot be the only regulator of serum free testosterone. Acne improved significantly in both treatment groups. It is likely that the improvement was in connection with the free testosterone decrease and the improvement was better in the desogestrel/EE group where also SHBG elevation was seen.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1983

Factors affecting the pulmonary toxicity of bleomycin.

Bleomycin induced lung toxicity was retrospectively analyzed in 39 patients with vulval malignancy (group A) and in 23 patients with head and neck carcinoma (group B). Group A consisted of non-smokers, mean age 69.8 years, who received the drug as intravenous injections. Group B contained mainly heavy smokers, mean age 60.6 years, treated with intramuscular injections of bleomycin. In group A, 6 patients (15.4%) and in group B only one patient (4.3%) developed typical pulmonary fibrosis. Advanced age, a high total dose of bleomycin, and intravenous bolus injections of the drug seemed to be major factors responsible for the development of lung fibrosis, whereas smoking had no obvious effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Hormone response in gynecologic surgery.

We measured plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP), plasma renin activity (PRA), human growth hormone (HGH), immunoreactive insulin (IRI), and blood glucose in 25 gynecologic inpatients. Six were undergoing dilatation and curettage (Group 1), nine were undergoing hysterectomy (Myomata uteri) and receiving acetated Ringer's lactate without glucose (Group 2), and ten were undergoing hysterectomy and receiving acetated Ringer's lactate in 5% glucose (Group 3). The measurements were made the night before the operation, during the operation, and postoperatively. Plasma AVP did not change significantly in Group 1, but it increased in both Groups 2 and 3. PRA showed no significant changes in any group studied. HGH decreased slightly at the end of the operation in Groups 1 and 2, but it increased significantly in Group 3 in the recovery room 1 h after surgery. Blood glucose and insulin remained at normal levels in Groups 1 and 2, but they increased significantly in Group 3. We believe that stress was caused more by greater surgical trauma than by the depth of anesthesia and anesthetic agents in Groups 2 and 3, when compared to Group 1; this is a possible mechanism of the increased AVP secretion. Acetated Ringer's lactate without glucose appeared to cause a more physiologic response during gynecologic surgery than did acetated Ringer's lactate in 5% glucose.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Transfer of propranolol and sotalol across the human placenta. Their effect on maternal and fetal plasma renin activity.

Eighty milligrams of propranolol or sotalol was administered orally to two groups of 8 parturients who were to undergo elective cesarean section. This was performed 3 hours after drug administration. The transplacental passage of both drugs was registered in each patient. The maternal concentration of propranolol was approximately four times that in the umbilical circulation, while the sotalol level in maternal circulation was twice that in the umbilical circulation. The administration of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists caused a significant decrease in maternal plasma renin activity. After these doses of beta blockers, no difference in the plasma renin activity was found in the umbilical circulation, when compared with the previous normal values at cesarean section.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Placental transfer and pharmacokinetics of atropine after a single maternal intravenous and intramuscular administration.

The placental transfer and pharmacokinetics of atropine were studied in 44 healthy parturients undergoing caesarean section. The concentrations in the plasma were determined by a new radioimmunoassay after intravenous (n=32) or after intramuscular (n=12) administration of 0.01 mg/kg of atropine. A fast placental transfer with apparent foetal uptake of the drug was found after intravenous injection. There was also a difference in the umbilical vein and artery concentrations after intramuscular administration. The maternal pharmacokinetics of i.v. atropine obeyed and two-compartment open model with a fast distribution phase (mean ta1/2=1.02 min) and quite fast elimination (t1/2=2.56h). The total apparent volume of distribution was 1.01/kg and the total plasma clearance 6.36 ml/min/kg. The mean peak maternal plasma levels after i.m. atropine administration were found at 1.59 h and the mean calculated half-life of elimination was then 2.1 h. No atropine was found in the amniotic fluid.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Blood glucose, insulin, antidiuretic hormone and renin activity response during caesarean section performed under general anaesthesia or epidural analgesia.

Glucose loading caused a significant increase in insulin response (IRI) in patients undergoing caesarean section both under general anaesthesia and under epidural analgesia. After a fast intravenous glucose loading given just before the administration of epidural bupivacaine, similar but more variable serum immunoreactive insulin levels were found as compared with those determined after a slower intravenous glucose infusion in patients under general anaesthesia. Plasma renin activity values did not change significantly in either group, but, differing from general anaesthesia, antidiuretic hormone levels (ADH) increased significantly in patients under epidural analgesia. The changes in IRI and ADH response may be caused by a higher psychic stress reaction of the conscious patients during caesarean section under epidural analgesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Diagnosis and treatment of primary vaginal carcinoma in situ and dysplasia.

Fifteen cases of primary carcinoma in situ or severe or moderate dysplasia of the vagina have been diagnosed and treated during the period 1966-75 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Central Hospital. Because of abnormal vaginal cytology the lesion was localized by means of colposcopy and iodine staining. For 6 patients local estrogen treatment was applied to increase the thickness of the epidermal layer. For 6 patients, treatment consisted of simple excision. Nine patients, including both those with carcinoma in situ, were treated with intravaginal radiation therapy. The radiation dosage was 2 000 to 2 600 rad at a distance of 1 cm from the surface of the epithelium. None of the patients showed any complications, and all are now symptom-free.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Transfer of lorazepam and its conjugate across the human placenta.

The concentrations of lorazepam and its conjugate were determined in maternal venous serum, in umbilical vein and artery serum, and in amniotic fluid after a single 2 mg intramuscular and 2.5 mg oral maternal administration. During normal delivery (2 mg intramuscular injection) and caesarean section (2.5 mg orally) both the unconjugated and conjugated forms of lorazepam were found in the umbilical circulation and amniotic fluid. The serum protein unbound fraction was 14.0 +/- 4.8 (S.D.) % in maternal circulation and 20.8 +/- 3.1% in umbilical circulation. Generally, lorazepam was a useful anxiolytic agent during normal delivery and as a sedative on the night before caesarean section.

Adult↗