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Biomedical subjects

P Lurquin

Publications and source records attributed to P Lurquin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Auditory arousal thresholds are higher when infants sleep in the prone position.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possibility that infants sleeping in the prone position have higher arousal thresholds to auditory challenges than when sleeping in the supine position. STUDY DESIGN: Polygraphic recordings were performed for 1 night in 25 healthy infants with a median age of 9 weeks. The infants were exposed to white noises of increasing intensities while sleeping successively in the prone and supine positions, or vice versa. Arousal thresholds were defined by the auditory stimuli needed to induce polygraphic arousals. RESULTS: Three infants were excluded from the study because they awoke while their position was being changed. For the 22 infants included in the analysis, more intense auditory stimuli were needed to arouse the infants in the prone position than those in the supine body position (p = 0.011). Arousal thresholds were higher in the prone than in the supine position in 15 infants; unchanged in 4 infants; and lower in the prone position in 3 infants (p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Infants show higher arousal thresholds to auditory challenges when sleeping in the prone position than when sleeping in the supine position. The finding could be relevant to mechanisms concerned with the reported association between sudden deaths and the prone sleeping position in infants.

Auditory Threshold↗
PubMed1996

Intelligibility in noise using multimicrophone hearing aids.

Difficulty understanding speech in background noise remains the most frequent complaint of people with hearing impairment. We examined the performance on a speech in noise test of two groups of listeners: one hearing impaired and the other normal hearing. The results showed a significant difference. In order to achieve a criterion performance of 50%, the hearing impaired group required an average 7.4 dB better S/N than the normal hearers. Our results also confirm that it is difficult to overcome the S/N disadvantage of a hearing loss by means of classic hearing aids with omnidirectional microphones. By comparison, the group tested with the multi-microphone directional hearing aids showed a significant average S/N improvement of 6.6 dB. In comparing the scores for the hearing impaired group using the multi-microphone directional instrument with the scores of the group of normal hearers there was no significant difference.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Proposal for an original method of high-frequency audiometry using mathematical equations].

Many studies have established high-frequency audiometry norms. Unfortunately the majority presents different averages for each decade, sex and frequency together with standard deviations. In order to solve these problems we established our norms on a widespread audiometer for each sex based on a strictly normal hearing sample. We calculated the linear regression between age and hearing loss for each frequency. We propose a set of equations to predict the "normal" threshold of a subject in function of age and sex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Development of the auditory threshold during the first months of life related to modifications of the physiology of the external auditory canal].

A study realised among 60 children by means of a probe tube microphone allowed us to determine the mean ear canal resonance by the newborn and the young children. This is noticeably less than the adult one. The ear canal reaches its adult physiology after one year, so it implies a somewhat different auditory sensibility by the newborns than by the adults, particularly in the 2000-4000 Hz range. We suggest that the A.B.R. wave I latency and thresholds modifications during children's first year of life are (at least partially and in the majority of cases) an ear canal physiological variation effect and that different calibrations should be used for newborns screening test and for adults purposes.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

[Electrophysiologic evaluation of the frequency selectivity by conversion of concurrent waves with the aid of a 40 Hz middle latency response].

We have realized electrophysiological tuning curves by the "tone on logon" method at the 500, 1000 and 2000 Hz frequencies among thirteen normal hearing adults. We describe a simple method of electrophysiological frequency selectivity assessment by measuring the percentage of the wave amplitude recovering when a masking pure tone of varied frequency but constant intensity is sent together with the stimulus. Our stimulus had either a constant duration (10 ms) or a constant form (five cycles) for each frequency. We have studied and compared the tuning curves obtained with each kind of stimulus for the following parameters: the narrowness of the curve and the likeness between the tested frequency and the curve tip. One studied the latency of the potential obtained when the stimulus is sent together with a masking pure tone. A tone frequency lower than the stimulus brings about a latency decrease and a higher one, a latency increase. Our results show no difference between each kind of stimulus and show that the evoked response is the one of a narrow and specific part of the cochlear partition.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1988

[Objective assessment of hearing disorders with the aid of 40 Hertz middle latency responses in speech frequencies].

We applied the 40 Hz ERP technique described by R. Galambos to about thirty adults suffering from perception auditory deficiency. We aimed at objectively evaluating their hearing. Our statistical results show that 40 Hz recorded through a logon is a good way to establish the threshold level in the speech frequencies. They also show that the amplitude of the recorded potential is higher when a ear lobe-forehead derivation (A1 or A2/Fz) is used. It has not been possible to give prominence to abnormal amplitude enhancement at supra-threshold level by the recruiting subjects. This method could have a great interest in sham or forensic evidence problems.

Adult↗