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Biomedical subjects

P M Catalano

Publications and source records attributed to P M Catalano.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Longitudinal changes in basal hepatic glucose production and suppression during insulin infusion in normal pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate basal endogenous glucose production and suppression during insulin infusion in normal pregnant women. STUDY DESIGN: This prospective, longitudinal study was conducted at the Medical Center Hospital of Vermont. Six healthy women were evaluated before conception and at 12 to 14 and 34 to 36 weeks' gestation. Body composition was estimated by hydrodensitometry. Basal endogenous glucose production was estimated with a primed constant infusion of 6-6 2H2 glucose, and suppression of endogenous glucose production was estimated with insulin infusion during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. RESULTS: There was a significant (p = 0.02) 65% increase in fasting insulin concentration by late gestation. Moreover, there was a significant 30% (p = 0.0005) increase in basal endogenous glucose production (mg/min) with advancing gestation, which remained significant (p = 0.05) when corrected for fat-free mass. During insulin infusion endogenous glucose production was almost completely suppressed (i.e., > 90%) throughout gestation. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant increase in basal endogenous glucose production at 34 to 36 weeks' gestation in spite of a significant increase in fasting insulin concentration. However, endogenous glucose production remains sensitive to insulin infusion throughout gestation.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Energy requirements in pregnancy: a review.

The traditional estimates of the additional energy requirements during pregnancy are approximately 300 calories per day or 80,000 calories for a full-term pregnancy. Recently these estimates have been challenged as being excessive, especially for non-Western populations. In light of recent studies and advances in methodology, the purpose of this paper is to review 1) the components of energy expenditure, 2) the different methods of assessing energy expenditure, 3) various factors that may affect energy expenditure during gestation, and 4) the recent literature on energy expenditure in pregnancy. The available data suggest that the energy requirements in pregnancy are varied and depend on the population being examined. Furthermore, additional studies are needed in order to clarify these issues in various normal populations as well as in populations at risk for fetal growth abnormalities.

Energy Intake↗
PubMed1992

Influence of fetal fat on the ultrasound estimation of fetal weight in diabetic mothers.

Currently available formulas for the estimation of fetal weight assume uniform density of tissue. Because fat tissue is less dense than lean body mass, we hypothesized that the sonographic overestimation of fetal weight in infants of diabetic mothers is the consequence of an elevated proportion of body fat, resulting in a lower body density. We prospectively examined 52 children of diabetic mothers. Each had ultrasound estimation of fetal weight within 7 days of delivery and estimates of neonatal body composition made from anthropometric evaluation within 48 hours of birth. Ultrasound estimates of fetal weight were considered acceptable if they were within 10% of actual birth weight. There was no difference in mean birth weight between those overestimated (N = 22) and those underestimated (N = 8). The sum of skinfolds from two sites, the ponderal index, and percent body fat were all significantly greater in the neonates with sonographic overestimation of fetal weight. Lean body mass was significantly greater (P less than .05) in infants whose sonograms underestimated birth weight. When all subjects were included, a significant correlation was found between the degree of error in the ultrasound estimation of fetal weight and the ponderal index (r = 0.40, P less than .01), the sum of the skinfold measurements (r = 0.29, P less than .05), and the present body fat (r = 0.28, P less than .05). These data suggest that increased body fat in infants of diabetic mothers is associated with sonographic overestimation of fetal weight.

Adipose Tissue↗