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Biomedical subjects

P M Cerqueti

Publications and source records attributed to P M Cerqueti.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Clinical evaluation of twice-daily emedastine 0.05% eye drops (Emadine eye drops) versus levocabastine 0.05% eye drops in patients with allergic conjunctivitis.

PURPOSE: The efficacy and safety of emedastine 0.05% eye drops (Emadine; Alcon Laboratories, Inc, Fort Worth, Texas), a new H(1) antagonist, were studied in comparison to levocabastine 0.05% eye drops (Livostin; Janssen-Cilag N V, Berchem, Belgium) during a twice-daily treatment schedule for 6 weeks in adult and pediatric patients with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. METHODS: In a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, parallel group study, 222 patients with allergic conjunctivitis were randomized (221 received treatment) to either emedastine or levocabastine, instilled twice daily for 6 weeks. Patient diaries were completed four times daily (before the morning and evening instillations, at noon, and in the afternoon), and clinical examinations were conducted at regular intervals. Primary efficacy variables of ocular redness and itching and secondary efficacy variables of chemosis, eyelid swelling, patient diary data, and physician's global assessment were analyzed. RESULTS: Both emedastine and levocabastine produced a statistically significant (P =.0001) reduction in itching and redness within 5 minutes of the first instillation. All signs and symptoms improved progressively over the 6-week treatment period. After 7 days of use, and throughout the remainder of the study, emedastine was statistically superior to levocabastine (P <.006) in preventing and alleviating the signs and symptoms (itching, redness, chemosis, and eyelid swelling) of allergic conjunctivitis. CONCLUSIONS: Emedastine 0.05% eye drops administered twice daily are more efficacious than levocabastine 0.05% eye drops in the prevention and treatment of the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis in adults and children of 4 years and above. Both emedastine 0.05% eye drops and levocabastine 0.05% eye drops were well tolerated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Lodoxamide treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.

Lodoxamide is an antiallergic compound. The present study evaluated the efficacy on clinical and cytological parameters and safety of topical lodoxamide compared to placebo in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. The trial, designed as double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled and parallel group treatment, was carried out in 30 patients, suffering from seasonal allergic conjunctivitis due to grass pollen, during the pollen season. Patients received lodoxamide tromethamine 0.1% eye drops or placebo eye drops, one drop in each eye t.i.d. for 4 weeks. The clinical and cytological evidence was investigated by clinicians on admission and after 4 weeks' treatment. At the end of the trial, only the lodoxamide-treated group showed a significant clinical improvement, associated with a reduction of inflammatory cells. No serious side effects were observed. The results show the clinical efficacy of lodoxamide in the treatment of pollen-induced allergic conjunctivitis. In addition, lodoxamide exerts its antiallergic activity by reducing inflammatory infiltrate (mainly eosinophils).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Drug treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. A review of the evidence.

Allergic conjunctivitis, unlike several other ocular diseases, is seldom followed by permanent visual impairment; nevertheless, it is important because of both its frequency and its severity. Two major forms, seasonal and perennial, are considered in this review. To recognise the hallmarks of allergic conjunctivitis, clinicians have need of a thorough knowledge of its pathophysiological aspects and clinical features, enabling them to choose the best and most suitable therapy among the alternatives. The aims of treatment vary according to the symptoms, severity and characteristics of the allergic reactions; in general, treatment is based mainly on environmental control, pharmacotherapy and (sometimes) specific immunotherapy. Topical vasoconstrictors, decongestant compounds, standard antihistamines or combinations of these drugs have been used for a number of years to treat the acute and/or persistent symptomatology, and in order to prevent the side effects of a prolonged treatment with topical glucocorticosteroids. Nevertheless, the latter represent the most powerful anti-inflammatory drugs, and are particularly recommended in short term treatment (5 to 7 days) in severe acute symptomatology. Orally administered 'classic' antihistamines, i.e. histamine H1-receptor antagonists, are effective and very convenient in either short or long term treatment, largely because the new compounds also act on the inflammatory process secondary to the allergic events. Recently, other topical compounds such as sodium cromoglycate (cromolyn sodium), nedocromil and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) [i.e. piroxicam, aspirin] have become available. Sodium cromoglycate and nedocromil act as prophylactic compounds, able to prevent the allergic reaction; NSAIDs represent a valid and effective alternative to glucocorticosteroids in several situations.

Conjunctivitis, Allergic↗
PubMed1991

Non-steroidal treatment of pollen-induced conjunctivitis: comparison of different pharmacological protocols.

Pharmacological treatment of allergic conjunctivitis may be based on the therapeutic use of topical steroids; however, because of the side effects, steroids are not clinically suitable in either prolonged treatment, or pollinosis. Because non-steroidal topical drugs are suitable in prolonged treatment, this single-blind study evaluated the following topical drugs: cromoglycate plus chlorphenamine, cromoglycate plus tetryzolin and imidazolin plus nafazolin, compared with placebo. The results confirm significant clinical efficacy of these drugs on signs and symptoms compared with placebo. Thus, "non-steroidal" topical drugs should be the preferred choice in prolonged forms of pollen-induced (e.g. Parietaria and/or grasses) conjunctivitis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1990

Levocabastine versus cromolyn sodium in the treatment of pollen-induced conjunctivitis.

Thirty patients with allergic conjunctivitis, caused by Parietaria or grass pollens, participated in a double-blind parallel study comparing levocabastine to cromolyn sodium, both given as eye drops. Symptom and sign scores were recorded during a 4-week period. The patients received only these drugs during the time of observation. The evaluation of the clinical signs and symptoms by the clinicians and by the patients revealed a significant improvement of conjunctivitis in all patients. The intergroup comparison was equal in the two groups treated respectively with levocabastine and cromolyn. Therefore, levocabastine and cromolyn are effective in the treatment of pollen-induced allergic conjunctivitis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1987

New approaches to the detection of locally produced antiviral antibodies in the aqueous of patients with endogenous uveitis.

A local synthesis of IgG antibodies against herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus and Chlamydia trachomatis was assayed for in aqueous humor and sera from 226 patients with various clinical types of uveitis. Comparison of the ratios of specific antibodies tested for in aqueous humor and serum (C') and the evaluation of the Goldmann-Witmer coefficient (C) to each specific antibody were simultaneously studied in each case. The combination of these two methods allowed for the diagnosis of viral uveitis in 37.7% of selected uveitis patients and in 13.27% of randomized uveitis patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clobetasone treatment of allergic conjunctivitis: a comparative double blind study.

Glucocorticosteroids are often included in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. The present study compares the efficacy on clinical and cytological parameters and safety of topical clobetasone butyrate compared to placebo. The trial, designed as double blind, randomized and parallel group treatment, was carried out in 30 patients, suffering from seasonal allergic conjunctivitis due to Grass pollen, during the pollen season (June 1992). Patients received clobetasone butyrate 0.1% eye drops or placebo eye drops, two drops each eye, t.i.d. for 10 days. The clinical and cytological evidences were investigated on admission and at the end of treatment by clinicians and by patients on a dairy card. The steroid group showed a rapid and significant clinical improvement and at the end of the trial a statistically significant difference was evidenced between the active drug treated group and placebo treated group. No serious side effects were observed. The results show the clinical efficacy of clobetasone butyrate in the treatment of pollen-induced allergic conjunctivitis.

Adolescent↗