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Biomedical subjects

P M Saradzhishvili

Publications and source records attributed to P M Saradzhishvili.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Morphology of the epileptic neuron].

Using electron microscopy, the authors studied neurons and their synapses in the cortical foci of the brain in patients (1) with brain tumours attended by epileptic seizures, (2) with tumours accompanied by no paroxysms, and (3) with epilepsy of unknown etiology. The material was obtained in the interparoxysmal period. Morphometric study of the ultrastructure showed that morphological changes characteristic of epileptization were determined only in axodendritic (AD) and axospinal synapses in the form of their massive activation whose degree was calculated by collating the area of the "active zones" with the area of the entire synaptic surface. In epilepsy this ratio was 10-12 times higher than in tumours unattended with seizures. Activation of AD synapses should be considered as an ultrastructural manifestation of epileptization of the neuron while its extension should be seen as a criterion of the morphological diagnosis of the disease itself.

Brain↗
PubMed1984

[Diagnostic value of electromyography in revealing the laterality of the motor deficit in brain tumors].

Electromyographic studies of anterior tibial muscles supplemented by simultaneous induction of Babinski's reflex indicated the appearance of bioelectrical activity in the extremities contralateral to the tumour which suggested the generalization of tone alterations and helped determine the laterization of the pathological process even when there were no clinical manifestations of motor deficit. Having analyzed their own and literature data, the authors came to the conclusion that the contralateral response observed on the electromyogram in the form of prolonged bioelectrical activity with simultaneous appearance of tonic tension in the crus flexors in the absence of clinically evident motor deficit is explained by the presence of the crossover protective reflex on the spinal level.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Effectiveness and current principles of pharmacologic diagnosis of epileptic focus using short- and ultrashort-acting analeptics and barbiturates].

An analysis of the results of examining 50 operated epileptic patients has shown that the use of short- and ultrashort-acting analeptics and barbiturates makes it possible to specify not only the location of the epileptic focus, but also to disclose the character of the interrelations between the elements of the epileptic system. Especially valuable data can be obtained with the use of brietal. The use of analeptics is the most promising in the course of operation, and, therefore, it should be limited to the preoperational period. It is suggested that the method of implanting permanent intracerebral electrodes acquires now not only diagnostic, but primarily therapeutic importance.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1980

[Interrelationships between different stages of slow-wave sleep and epileptic activity].

In 14 patients with generalized tonico-clonic convulsive seizures occurring both during wakefulness and sleep selective deprivation of stage IV of the slow sleep was performed. It was shown that the epileptic paroxysmal activity developed mainly at stage II of the slow sleep, while at stage IV it was observed very seldom. The selective deprivation at stage IV resulted in a considerable increase of the share of stage IV, an intensification of the paroxysmal activity at this stage, and its certain rise at the stage of the quick sleep. Possible mechanisms triggering stage IV of the slow sleep and their role in the reduction of the epileptic activity are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Generalized epileptic seizures].

Some important questions concerning the pathogenetical mechanisms of the so-called primary-generalized epileptic seizures are discussed. Reviewing the large literary material and personal clinical experience, the author attracts attention of neurologists and psychiatrists to the necessity of very thorough and detailed anamnestic data and eventual neurological observations, in order to detect a focal onset of a generalized seizure. This is very important bor purposes of clinical practice, especially from the standpoint of indications for neurosurgical operations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Characteristics of paradoxical sleep in different types of epileptic seizures].

In 136 patients with different forms of epileptic strokes paradoxal sleep (PS) was studied. Shifts of a qualitative and quantitative character were revealed. The latter, in particular was expressed in a dissociative type of PS when muscular tension was preserved. The found changes were expressed more severely in patients with polymorphic and psychomotor strokes in the frontotemporal and frontal localization of the epileptic focus. In general, the same patients registered paroxysmal and epileptic activity in the period of PS, what was infrequently found in other forms of epileptic strokes, however, it had never coincided with the registration of rapid ocular movements. The role of PS physiological mechanisms in suppression of epileptic activity and possible ways of searching for more effective antiepileptic measures are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Clinical neurophysiology of epilepsy (according to findings from stereoelectroencephalographic studies)].

A clinico-electrophysiological study of epileptic patients demonstrated that a significant part of the so-called primary generalized seizures are focal. It was established that the probability of development of a focal subclinical discharge or a generalized seizure may be determined by the degree of an involvement of the mesencephalic reticular formation. The authors stress the topical diagnostis importance of behavioral phenomena, which are expressed on the remote stage of a generalized epileptic seizure.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1976

[Comparative clinico-pathophysiologic analysis of the characteristics of juvenile and late epilepsy].

Having in view the evolutional and ontogenetical traits of the bioelectrical brain activity and age types of the nervous system reactivity to endogenous and exagenous epileptic noxious factors, the authors compared the clinical and pathogenetical characteristics of an epileptic process in children and adults. Although there were several similar signs in children and late epilepsy, the authors opposed these forms on the basis of a different character in the type of development of the disease and changes in the cerebral electrogenesis, at the basis of which there lies the metabolic characteristics of a maturating and involutional brain. These regularities permitted to establish the diagnostical and prognostical criteria in respect to each separate form of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[The clinical picture and pathogenesis of "nocturnal" cerebral strokes].

The authors studied 274 patients with ischemic and hemmorrhagical accidents which developed at night during sleep and awakening. A hypersensitivity of the carotid sinus was much more frequently seen in patients with ischemic accidents and was encountered not only in an extrasinus (massage), but in an intrasinus irritation (Walsalwa test) as well. The study also demonstrated significant cardio-inhibitive and vaso-depressive reactions, with an expressed asystolia and a drop in the arterial pressure. The authors express their opinion regarding the role of a developing bradycardia, asystolia, hypertension and a decrease in the postural tone in the genesis of ischemic accidents which may be due to a compression of the hypertensive carotid sinus. It is stressed that such accidents usually develop during parodoxal sleep. It is also assumed that there may be an embolization as a result of a compression of arteriosclerotically changed vessels in the area of the carotid sinus.

Blood Pressure↗