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Biomedical subjects

P Mapp

Publications and source records attributed to P Mapp.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Control of oxidative damage in rheumatoid arthritis by gold(I)-thiolate drugs.

The roles of anti-arthritic gold(I)-thiolate drugs such as disodium aurothiomalate ('Myocrisin') in the modulation or promotion of oxygen radical-mediated oxidative damage in vivo are reviewed. In particular, the precise molecular mechanisms by which these novel second-line agents exert their therapeutic effects are discussed in terms of (i) the direct and indirect control of enzymes involved in the generation or scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide ion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical, (ii) the protection of proteins and relevant enzyme systems against attack by ROS and (iii) their direct involvement in the production (at appropriate 'target' sites) or scavenging of ROS in vivo. In addition, the role of the orally-effective gold(I)-phosphine complex auranofin in the control of oxidative damage in rheumatoid arthritis is also discussed.

Antirheumatic Agents↗
PubMed1988

The synovial membrane in osteoarthritis: a histological study including the characterisation of the cellular infiltrate present in inflammatory osteoarthritis using monoclonal antibodies.

Inflammatory infiltration of the synovial membrane has been described in a proportion of cases of osteoarthritis (OA). Using conventional histology, lymphoid follicles, diffuse fibrosis, and perivascular fibrosis were shown to be present to a significantly greater extent and in more synovial membranes in osteoarthritis than in those cases where there was a mechanical or traumatic background to the joint disease. Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals (five patients) and detritus fragments of bone and cartilage (seven patients) were present in small numbers of the total cases of OA (38) studied. Neither of these features was related to the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate. Examination of 20 osteoarthritic synovial membranes using monoclonal antibodies showed the presence of lymphoid follicles containing T helper and T suppressor lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and macrophages expressing HLA-DR in five cases. The T helper:suppressor ratio varied between 1:1 and 2.5:1 in these follicles. In addition, half of the OA samples, including these five cases, showed the presence of a diffuse cellular infiltrate containing T and B lymphocytes and macrophages, which were HLA-DR positive. Granulocytes were present in this diffuse infiltrate in those cases containing lymphoid follicles. The results confirm the presence of an inflammatory form of osteoarthritis but also show that the proportions of lymphoid cells are not the same as those considered to be typical of rheumatoid arthritis.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization of two monoclonal antibodies raised against human testicular cells.

Human testicular cells isolated from biopsy tissue were used for generation of monoclonal antibodies. Two hybridoma supernatants C3 and D4 were selected according to their reaction with sperm-precursor cells (immature sperms) in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). C3 reacted with testicular but no other tissue. D4 did not reveal any pattern of testicular staining in spite of its similarity to C3 in binding to sperm-precursor cells in ELISA and microcytotoxicity test.

Adult↗