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Abstracting and Indexing↗
Biomedical subjects
P Mark Logan
Publications and source records attributed to P Mark Logan.
The accuracy of references in manuscripts submitted for publication.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the errors present in references cited in papers submitted for peer review for possible publication. METHODS: Nineteen consecutive manuscripts submitted for peer review were assessed. They contained a total of 261 references. Manuscripts were submitted to 1 of 5 major radiology journals. Journal references were compared with either the original articles or abstracts obtained through MEDLINE. Book references were checked against the original book. In total, 259 of 261 references were obtained. The remaining 2 references were both out-of-print books that were not available. Each reference was checked and errors were identified as either major or minor, depending on the gravity of the error. Errors were analyzed to see whether they could be attributed to not adhering to journal guidelines or to other reasons. RESULTS: Of a total of 259 references, 56% (n = 145) contained at least 1 error, 53% (n = 137) contained minor errors and 15% (n = 39) contained major errors. Five per cent (n = 13) of references had more than 3 errors, and 79% (n = 274) of all errors were the direct result of authors not following journal instructions. CONCLUSION: Over half of all references included in manuscripts submitted to radiology journals contain at least 1 error. The majority are avoidable, resulting from failure to follow the journal's instructions to authors.
Bibliographies as Topic↗
Patient positioning after lung biopsy: influence on the incidence of pneumothorax.
OBJECTIVE: To determine if post-biopsy complication rates were influenced by patient positioning after the procedure. METHODS: A prospective evaluation of post-biopsy complications in 87 patients (55 men, 32 women; mean age 66 yr, range 20-86 yr) undergoing fine-needle aspiration biopsy of lung nodules was performed. Biopsies were performed under computed tomographic guidance in 66 patients, fluoroscopic guidance in 18 and ultrasonographic guidance in 3 patients. Patients were randomly assigned to be placed either in the lateral decubitus "biopsy-side-down" position or in the "biopsy-site-dependent" position (i.e., lying directly on the skin puncture site) after surgery. Chest imaging was performed immediately and at 4 hours after biopsy. RESULTS: Immediately after the procedure, 6 (14%) of the 42 patients in the decubitus biopsy-side-down group and 15 (33%) of the 45 patients in the site-dependent group experienced pneumothoraces (p > 0.05). No patient required tube thoracostomy. Two patients in the decubitus group and 1 in the site-dependent group experienced hemoptysis immediately after biopsy. On the 4-hour chest radiographs, there was no progression in size of the existing pneumothoraces. CONCLUSION: Positioning the patient either decubitus biopsy-side-down or lying directly on the puncture site after lung biopsy does not appear to affect complication rates.
Adult↗
The fat pad sign following elbow trauma in adults: its usefulness and reliability in suspecting occult fracture.
OBJECTIVE: An elbow joint effusion with no fracture seen on radiographs after acute trauma has become synonymous with occult fracture. This study evaluates the incidence of fracture in such cases as determined by MR imaging and the predictive value of an elbow joint effusion. METHODS: Twenty consecutive patients whose posttrauma elbow radiographs showed an effusion but no fracture and who were suitable for MR imaging were recruited. The elbow effusion size, represented by anterior and posterior fat pad displacement, was measured from the initial lateral elbow radiograph. Suitable candidates underwent MR imaging using a bone marrow sensitive sequence. The time between injury and MR imaging ranged from 0 to 12 days (mean 4 days). RESULTS: Seventy-five percent of the 20 patients who underwent MR imaging had radiographically occult fractures identified. Some (86.6%) of these fractures were located in the radial head, 6.7% were in the lateral epicondyle, and 6.7% were in the olecranon. Ninety percent had evidence of bone marrow edema. Fifteen percent had collateral ligament disruption identified on MR imaging, and 5% had a loose body. There was no change in patient management as a result of the additional imaging. The anterior fat pad displacement ranged from 5 to 15 mm (mean 9.25), and the posterior fat pad was elevated from 1 to 6 mm (mean 3.2). CONCLUSION: Our data using MR imaging suggests that fat pad elevation in the presence of recent trauma is frequently associated with a fracture. The size of the effusion, anterior/posterior fat pad elevation, or a combination of both does not correspond to the likelihood of an underlying fracture. MR imaging reveals a broad spectrum of bone and soft tissue injury beyond that recognizable on plain radiographs as demonstrated by all patients in this study.
Adipose Tissue↗
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and computed tomography findings.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the severity of bronchiectasis and associated emphysema and the correlation with phenotype in patients with Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. METHODS: The scoring system of Ooi and his colleagues for bronchiectasis was modified to include the degree of dilatation of bronchi in affected segments and degree of emphysema. This was applied to 26 high-resolution computed tomography thorax scans of the study population. All criteria were scored on a scale of 0-3. RESULTS: Nine patients (35%) were female and 17 (65%) were male. The median age was 56 years (range: 17-76 years). Twenty-one patients had a ZZ phenotype, 3 patients had an MZ phenotype, and 2 patients had an SZ phenotype. The median forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratio was 43% (range: 24%-87%). A total of 156 lobes were assessed, and 38 (24%) had evidence of bronchiectasis. The overall median total score in affected patients for the extent of bronchiectasis was 2, and all had a ZZ phenotype. Fourteen patients (54%) had a degree of dilatation score of 1 or more, all had a ZZ phenotype, and 4 (15%) had no evidence of emphysema. Bronchiectasis was seen most commonly affecting the upper lobes. CONCLUSION: The ZZ phenotype was associated with bronchiectasis most commonly affecting the upper lobes, with moderate emphysema throughout all lobes. Numbers of patients having the SZ and MZ phenotypes are too small to derive accurate conclusions, but none had evidence of bronchiectasis.
Adolescent↗