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Biomedical subjects

P Martini

Publications and source records attributed to P Martini.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Healing of open skin surfaces with collagen foils.

Applications of Condress (patented sheets of pure bovine collagen) on open skin surfaces (30 cases of "ulcus cruris", 5 cases of decubitus, and malum perforans; 10 cases of full-thickness burns) were examined in a controlled trial. Quantification of regeneration speed, macrophotographic survey of granulation tissue and epithelial border, thermographic and chromometric evaluation of the skin microcirculation, and histological observation of regenerating tissues, were the parameters used. The following results were obtained: marked reduction of healing time, different aspects of the granulation-tissue responses, different times of topical collagenolysis, increased vascular perfusion, histological activation of angiogenesis, fibrogenesis, histiomacrophage function and superficial absorption. The employment of Condress in burn areas seems to be highly promising.

Biological Dressings↗
PubMed1991

A staphylococcal plasmid that replicates and expresses ampicillin, gentamicin and amikacin resistance in Escherichia coli.

Plasmid pPG1 from Staphylococcus aureus coding for ampicillin (Apr), gentamicin (Gmr) and amikacin (Akr) resistance was transformed into Escherichia coli. Transformation efficiency was about 2 x 10(3) transformants/micrograms of plasmid DNA. The plasmids present in the E. coli transformants were identical to pPG1 according to their restriction patterns. The copy number of pPG1 was estimated to be at least 20-times less in E. coli than in S. aureus. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for Ap and Gm were lower in E. coli than in S. aureus. However, the MIC for Ak was higher in E. coli transformants than in S. aureus. pPG1 was maintained in the E. coli transformants for at least 80 generations at 37 degrees C without antibiotic selection pressure.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1991

Operative treatment of cervicobrachialgia and vertigo due to uncovertebral joint arthritis.

In the field of cervical spondylosis, cervicobrachialgia caused by uncovertebral joint arthritis has been well defined and classified, as it is seen quite commonly in clinical practice. Non-operative treatment relieves the symptoms in most cases. Operative treatment is used when the neurovascular structures are involved and the patient does not respond to conservative treatment. The authors present the surgical technique they employed on 38 patients with neck and arm pain due to uncovertebral joint arthritis, and they report the long-term results.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Topographical study of supratentorial brain tumors.

The topographic analysis of supratentorial brain tumors must answer the following questions: location of the tumor, its extension, its being infiltrative or well localized and especially the relationships with the main functional areas such as the speech areas, the sensori-motor area, and the visuel areas. Also the topographic analysis may help to approach the diagnosis of nature. The neuroradiological procedures include the CT, the angiography and especially the MRI in sagittal and coronal sections, with gadolinium enhancement. The anatomical accuracy is obtained using the bicommissural plane and superimposition techniques according to the Talairach's Atlas and anatomical sections and MRI superimposition with angiography. 3D volumic reconstruction is of considerable contribution for the topographic analysis of a cerebral tumor.

Angiography↗
PubMed1991

Astrocytic tumours.

Astrocytic tumours are frequent, accounting for nearly 50% of all brain tumours. They are divided into three groups: benign astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytomas and malignant glioblastomas. The usual clinical manifestations of benign astrocytic tumours are epileptic seizures, whereas those of glioblastomas are rapidly progressing neurological deficits. These lesions show fairly characteristic neuroradiological features which have been largely studied. Injections of iodine-based or paramagnetic contrast media are important since they help in tumour grading: low-grade tumours are not enhanced, while glioblastomas are almost invariably enhanced. MRI seems to be indispensable for the study of astrocytic tumours: it provides an excellent anatomical analysis of the lesion during preoperative or pretherapeutic evaluation, and it is the only available method to confirm low-grade lesions that have passed unnoticed or have merely been suspected at CT. To avoid missing these tumours, every adult presenting with recent onset epileptic seizures should be explored by MRI using T2-weighted spin-echo sequences.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Oligodendrogliomas.

Oligodendrogliomas are tumours developed from oligodendrocytes. They may be pure or associated with astrocyte proliferation. They are usually benign, but their malignancy grade is varied. These tumours affect middle-aged adults and are characterized by their slow growth and their fairly suggestive neuroradiological features which are those of a large, calcified, poorly enhanced, peripheral frontal lesion. Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are suitable complementary methods to characterize the tumour and evaluate its extension.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Supratentorial ependymomas. Neuroradiological study.

Ependymoma is a rare tumour developed from ependymal cells and belonging to the group of neuroglial tumours. It may be located in any part of the central nervous system, but shows a preference for the ventricular cavities. Neuroradiology is not specific. CT shows a frequently large, calcified and cystic lesion of varied density and strongly contrast-enhanced. The signal emitted at MRI is often heterogeneous. Treatment consists of surgery combined with radiotherapy. Prognosis is poor owing to the difficulty of surgical excision and to the possibility of CSF grafts.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Growth fraction (Ki67), ploidy balance and proliferation index in tumors of the urogenital tract and breast].

The practical applications of computer-assisted image analysis systems are multiple in oncology. The computerized system of image analysis referred to as SAMBA (TITN) is particularly relevant to analyse coloured images resulting from immunostaining or histochemical procedures assessed either on tissue sections of any type or cytological preparations (imprints, smears). The SAMBA analysis of positive Ki67 surfaces in tissue sections from breast, endometrial, ovarian, cervical or urinary bladder samples enables a multiparametric evaluation of the growth fraction (GF) in intraepithelial, borderline or invasive proliferations. Moreover, the SAMBA analysis after Feulgen staining procedures provides a parametric evaluation of the nuclei densitometry and morphological features and of the chromatin texture, which serve to compute the ploidy balance (BP) and the proliferation index (PI). In benign tumors, GF and PI are low and tumor cells are diploid with an overall high positive PB values. In malignant tumors, GF, PI and the percentage of aneuploid cells increase with tumor grade and stage whereas PB decreases. In borderline proliferations, FC, PI and PB intermediate values are recorded. These new criteria of prognosis should be assessed routinely in pathology departments and the results from these new investigations are likely to be soon implicated in the selection of patient therapy.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1988

The protective action of a water poor in calcium on the liver and digestive apparatus of guinea-pigs chronically treated with 9-alpha-fluoro-16-beta-methylprednisolone.

An evaluation was made of the possibility of exerting a protective action by administering natural water with a very low saline content, equal to 22 mg/l (oligomineral water), during the course of prolonged treatment with 9-alpha-fluoro-16-beta-methylprednisolone. The study was carried out using guinea-pigs (66 animals in all, of both sexes, clinically healthy, and of standard weight), which were divided into four groups which received, respectively: 9-alpha-fluoro-16-beta-methylprednisolone and aqua fontis, 9-alpha-fluoro-16-beta-methylprednisolone and oligomineral water, aqua fontis by itself, and oligomineral water by itself. Examinations carried out after thirty-four days of experimentation showed that the histomorphological damage to the liver and the digestive apparatus caused by the cortisonic therapy appeared to be considerably reduced and possibly eliminated when this therapy was combined with adequate administration of oligomineral water, such as the one considered in the present experiment.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The protective action of a water poor in calcium on the kidney of guinea-pigs treated with 9-alpha-fluoro-16-beta-methylprednisolone.

A series of experiments was conducted on guinea-pigs treated with 9-alpha-fluoro-16-beta-methylprednisolone in order to evaluate the histomorphological damage to the renal parenchyma. Animals that were subjected at the same time to hydropinic therapy based on a mineral water with a very low saline content (oligomineral waters) exhibited far less damage than the control group which received aqua fontis.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The use of waters with a low saline content (oligomineral waters) in the feeding of babies.

The problem of the dilution of foodstuffs for early infancy is discussed, with particular reference to artificial milks. The authors briefly consider the influence of calcium salts in the course of curdling, both for milks enriched with such salts and in diluted milks, as well as the importance of a correct well-dosed saline content in the diet for the early stages of infancy. They then control experimentally, using scalar dilutions (1:100; 1:1000; 1:5000) of pepsin at a known titre, the coagulation of commercial powdered milk and of fresh cow's milk, diluted with various types of mineral waters (chlorinated-sodic oligomineral water; bicarbonate-calcic oligomineral water; bicarbonate-alkaline-terrous mineral water).

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid toxicity and glutathione levels in various organs of the rat.

Thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TC) (a precursor of intracellular cysteine) was administered to rats at 50 mg/kg and at 400 mg/kg by an i.p. route and at 800 mg/kg per os, and the levels of glutathione (GSH) in gastric mucosa, gastric wall and liver were determined. GSH levels in the eyes were measured after oral administration of TC. No changes in GSH levels were observed at 50 mg/kg from 1 to 48 h. An initial increase of liver GSH levels was followed by a decrease (up to 12 h) at 400 mg/kg i.p. After oral administration of 800 mg/kg an initial increase of GSH levels in the liver and gastric mucosa was followed by a decrease (up to 24 h); the GSH levels in the gastric wall showed a persistent decrease. No significant changes were seen in the GSH levels of the eyes.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Specificity against group A, C, and G streptococci of the reverse CAMP test for identifying Clostridium perfringens].

We studied "reverse CAMP" test specificity for the identification of Clostridium perfringens, and the probable existence of cross-reactions with groups A, C and G streptococci. Ninety eight Clostridium strains were tested with ten S. agalactiae, ten S. pyogenes, two group C streptococci and one group G. All the strains of S. agalactiae yielded a positive "reverse CAMP" reaction when it was performed with C. perfringens strains. Cross-reactions were not detected when C. perfringens were tested with groups A, C or G streptococci. The "reverse CAMP" test proved to be specific for all the C. perfringens strains used.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Contribution to the study of suicide prevention. Study of a group of 372 subjects from 28 to 35 years after attempted suicide].

The authors have treated the subsequent lives of 372 suicide attempters and have made a new follow-up study 28 to 35 years after the suicide attempt. They reveal a general excess deathrate in this sample of medical, surgical and psychiatric clinic patients, and a considerable excess deathrate by suicide as compared with the population as a whole. These two types of excess deathrate persist throughout the follow-up period. Conclusions on suicide prevention are drawn from the results. After describing the three main groups of dead, deceased by suicide, and living subjects, the authors compare those deceased by suicide with those deceased from other causes, and those deceased by suicide with subjects of the other two groups in search of possible group characteristics of potential predictive value. The results of this analysis are somewhat disappointing; discussion of the research leads to criticism of the contradictory results obtained by previous studies in this field. Analysis of subjects still alive at the close of the follow-up period shows that their psychopathological evolution is relatively favourable, with the exception of a group of patients identifiable by a set of distinctive negative factors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of local anesthetics in dentistry: medico-legal aspects].

The Authors consider the problem of the clinical use of local anaesthetics in dentistry with a view to establishing possible adverse reactions, of which they provide a schematic analysis and an up to date pathogenetic survey; they thus make their observations on case historics taken from the sector of forensic medicine in Siena, and in conclusion make a jurisprudential digression in the form of a discussion on the responsibility of the practitioner in the strait of anaesthesiology, emphasizing by the same, an ever increasingly harmonizing evolution with regular judicial procedure in common law countries.

Adult↗