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Biomedical subjects

P Messner

Publications and source records attributed to P Messner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Dilated cardiomyopathy in acromegaly worsening under octreotide treatment. Apropos of a case].

Dilated cardiomyopathy associated with acromegaly is rare, but may improve with octreotide, a somatostatin analogue. The authors give the first description here of paradoxical worsening in cardiac function during such treatment, with the onset of episodes of acute decompensation following each attempt at starting treatment. Thus worsening was confirmed objectively by a challenge test with octreotide: increased dyspnea, fall in shortening fraction and in echocardiographic cardiac output (of 17 to 14% and 4 to 3 l/min respectively), a decrease in isotopic ejection fraction from 15 to 6% and this in parallel with efficacy regarding hormone levels of GH and IGF1 and a reduction in tumour size by CT scan. No further episode of decompensation occurred after treatment was stopped permanently. The patient underwent a transplant 3 months later. Suppression of the positive inotropic effect of GH by octreotide, associated with an increase in peripheral resistance is suggested. A negative inotropic effect of this hormonal analogue on too advanced a case of heart disease is also a possibility.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1992

Artificial antigens. Synthetic carbohydrate haptens immobilized on crystalline bacterial surface layer glycoproteins.

The crystalline surface-layer glycoproteins of Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum L111-69, Bacillus stearothermophilus NRS 2004/3a and Bacillus alvei CCM 2051 were used for immobilization of spacer-linked blood group A-trisaccharide (alpha GalNAc(1----3)[alpha Fuc(1----2)]beta Gal) and of the spacer-linked, tumor-associated T-disaccharide [beta Gal(1----3)alpha GalNAc]. The immobilization involved the glycan portions of surface-layer glycoproteins. Different activation methods were used, namely, periodate oxidation, or treatment with epichlorohydrin or divinyl sulfone, followed by coupling of the hapten under appropriate conditions. The resulting conjugates are useful for assessing the application potential of haptenated surface layer preparations as carrier/adjuvants for the induction of immunity to poorly immunogenic molecules.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Structure of the glycan chain from the surface layer glycoprotein of Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum L77-66.

The thermophilic eubacterium Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum L77-66 is covered by a crystalline surface layer composed of identical glycoprotein subunits which are arranged in a hexagonal lattice with centre-to-centre spacings of approx. 14.3 nm. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cell wall preparations showed the presence of several broadened, carbohydrate-containing bands in a molecular mass range of 90 to 200 kDa. A total carbohydrate content of approx. 14% was determined in the purified surface layer glycoprotein. Chemical deglycosylation of this material by trifluoromethanesulfonic acid resulted in the disappearance of the complex banding pattern. Only a single band with a molecular mass of 82 kDa remained visible upon Coomassie staining. After proteolytic digestion of the surface layer glycoprotein a single glycopeptide fraction with an apparent molecular mass of approx. 25 kDa was obtained by gel filtration. Composition analysis, methylation, periodate oxidation and a combination of homonuclear and 1H-detected heteronuclear shift-correlated nuclear magnetic resonance experiments established the following structure for the glycan chain of the surface layer glycoprotein.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗
PubMed1992

Analysis of a novel linkage unit of O-linked carbohydrates from the crystalline surface layer glycoprotein of Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum S102-70.

The surface layer glycoprotein of Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum S102-70 was shown to contain a new type of glycan chain. Different from all known eubacterial glycoproteins, the saccharide moiety consists only of six sugar residues without any repeat sequences. Proteolytic digestion of purified S-layer glycoprotein resulted in isolation of several glycopeptide fractions. These are composed of the same hexasaccharide portion but are linked to oligopeptides of different length. One of them contains only a single amino acid. As concluded from chemical analyses and proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of this preparation, the hexasaccharide moiety is linked via a novel O-glycosidic linkage. This is a beta-D-glucose residue linked to the phenolic hydroxyl group of tyrosine in intact S-layer glycoprotein.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of the size of thrombolysed myocardial infarction by serum myosin determination].

The prognosis of myocardial infarction is very dependent on the size of the infarct. The measurement of the infarct size after thrombolysis remains difficult despite the large number of methods available, all of which have drawbacks. This parameter is however essential to assess prognosis and the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy. Serum beta heavy chain myosin determination is a recently introduced method of evaluating infarct size; there are relatively few published studies, especially concerning post-thrombolytic patients. A prospective study was undertaken in 40 patients (37 men and 3 women: average age 55.6 years) with a primary myocardial infarction treated by thrombolysis. Myosin levels (peak and area under curve of 5 samples in 10 days) were compared with other methods of assessing infarct size: electrocardiogram (number of leads with Q waves, ST segment analysis), cardiac enzymes (peak and release integrals of CK abd LDH), contrast ventriculography (segmental asynergy score, ejection fraction), coronary angiography and resting MIBI myocardial scintigraphy. The peak and integral of myosin release correlated well with the other methods (p < 0.01): a correlation was particularly apparent between the integral of myosin release and MIBI scintigraphy scores (r = 0.77, p < 0.001). Complex myosin release kinetics were observed significantly more often in patients with large infarcts (p < 0.01) or in those with occlusion of the artery responsible for infarction at coronary angiography on the 6th day (p = 0.001). In conclusion, with 5 blood samples over a 10 day period, it is possible to estimate the infarct size after thrombolysis in everyday cardiological practice: this method could help identify high risk subjects (complex kinetics of myosin release and high peak myosin levels) and also could be used to assess efficacy of thrombolytic therapy in large scale trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Electrocardiography of atrioventricular block].

A functional physiological block protects the ventricles from the risks of excessively rapid atrial rhythms. Pathological AVB is classified in three degrees according to whether the ventricular excitation is delayed, intermittent or absent. The site of AVB can be accurately determined by endocavitary electrophysiological studies but can also be estimated from the surface electrocardiographic recordings. fundamental research has questioned the sle responsibility of conduction defects in Wenckebach and paroxysmal blocks: they suggest the presence of abnormalities of excitability in pathological zones.

Bradycardia↗
PubMed1991

Enthesopathy in the vertebral disc region.

In view of the increased numbers of vertebrogenic complaints in society today, the authors investigated the clinical and morphological relations involved in these conditions. Histological techniques and the scanning electron microscope were used to examine the different structures of the spine under conditions of tensile overload. Chief attention was paid to the structures most exposed to mechanical stress, such as the interface between the vertebral body and the intervertebral disc. The authors found that the insertion of collagen fibres in cartilage or bone in the regions overloaded by tensile forces is identical to that found in epicondylitis in other locations. Such enthesopathies in the spinal region may form a major component of back pain states, and special therapy should be employed for them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Imaging of myocardial infarction in dogs and humans using monoclonal antibodies specific for human myosin heavy chains.

The use of three different monoclonal antibodies specific for human ventricular myosin heavy chains in the visualization of the location and extent of necrosis in dogs with experimental acute myocardial infarction and in humans is described. Using a classic immunohistochemical method or ex vivo analysis of heart slices in dogs with acute myocardial infarction subjected to intravenous injection of unlabeled antimyosin antibodies or antimyosin antibodies labeled with indium-111, it was observed that all antibody fragments specifically reached the targeted necrotic zone less than 2 h after antibody injection and remained bound for up to 24 h. In a limited but significant number of cases (5 of the 12 humans and 11 of 43 dogs), it was possible to image the necrotic zone in vivo as early as 2 to 4 h after antibody injection. In other cases, individual blood clearance variations retarded or even prevented in vivo necrosis detection. Higher antimyosin fixation values were obtained in the necrotic zones in dogs with a rapid blood clearance relative to that of the other dogs. It is concluded that antimyosin antibodies always reached necrotic areas within 2 h. If blood clearance was rapid, in vivo imaging of the necrotic area was possible 2 to 6 h after necrosis, even in humans. In some cases, however, uncontrolled individual variations in the timing required for sufficient blood clearance hampered this rapid in vivo detection of myocardial necrosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Bacterial surface layer glycoproteins.

Crystalline cell surface layers (S-layers) are ubiquitously present in bacterial species from almost all phylogenetic branches. Recent investigations have shown that the S-layer proteins of many archaebacteria and eubacteria contain covalently linked carbohydrate chains. This evidence clearly shows that the ability for protein glycosylation is present as a common biosynthetic pathway in prokaryotic organisms.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1991

Temperature-dependent expression of flagella in Legionella.

Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, was analysed by electron microscopy for production of surface structures. Crystalline surface (S-) layers and fimbriae were not detected, but monotrichous flagellation was seen. Polyclonal antibodies specific for the 47 kDa flagellin subunit of L. pneumophila Philadelphia I were used in Western blots to confirm the presence of flagella subunits in various L. pneumophila strains tested, but the antiserum also reacted with flagellin subunits of L. micdadei, L. hackelia [serogroup (SG) 1 and SG2] and L. longbeachae (SG2). Flagellation of Legionellae was shown to be temperature regulated. When the growth temperature of virulent and avirulent of strain L. pneumophila Philadelphia I was shifted from 30 degrees C to either 37 or 41 degrees C, a decrease in the percentage of flagellated bacteria within the population was observed.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗
PubMed1991

Role of the S layer in morphogenesis and cell division of the archaebacterium Methanocorpusculum sinense.

Thin sections, freeze-etched, and negatively stained preparations of Methanocorpusculum sinense cells reveal a highly lobed cell structure with a hexagonally arranged surface layer (S layer). Digital image processing of negatively stained envelope fragments show that the S layer forms a porous but strongly interconnected network. Since the S layer is the exclusive cell envelope component outside the cytoplasmic membrane it must have a cell shape determining and maintaining function. Although lattice faults such as disclinations and dislocations are a geometrical necessity on the surface of a closed protein crystal, our data indicate that they also play important roles as sites for the incorporation of new morphological units, in the formation of the lobed cell structure, and in the cell division process. In freeze-etched preparations of intact cells numerous positive and negative 60 degree wedge disclinations can be detected which form pentagons and heptagons in the hexagonal array. Complementary pairs of pentagons and heptagons are the termination points of edge dislocations. They can be expected to function both as sites for incorporation of new morphological units into the lattice and as initiation points for the cell division process. The latter is determined by the ratio between the increase of protoplast volume and the increase in actual S-layer surface area during cell growth. We postulate that this mode of cell fission represents a common feature in lobed archaebacteria which possess an S layer as the exclusive wall component.

Archaea↗
PubMed1991

Structure of the glycan chain from the surface layer glycoprotein of Bacillus alvei CCM 2051.

The cell surface of the mesophilic eubacterium Bacillus alvei CCM 2051 is covered by an oblique arranged surface layer glycoprotein. The subunits revealed by sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were distinct bands of molecular masses 140,000, 128,000, and 127,000. Proteolytic degradation of the purified S-layer glycoprotein yielded a single glycopeptide fraction with an apparent molecular mass of ca. 25,000. Methylation analysis in conjunction with two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance experiments at 500 MHz established the branched trisaccharide (formula; see text) as the repeating unit for this glycan chain.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical treatment of sequelae of injuries of the thoracolumbar spine].

The authors describe surgical techniques used in 48 patients with sequelae of injuries of the thoracolumbar spine and the achieved results. Twenty-one patients were treated by an anterior operation, 14 by posterior operation and 13 a combination of both. The anterior operation involved 1) simple stabilization by autografts or 2) release, correction of the kyphosis and fusion and 3) elimination of the affected body of the vertebra and replacement by a massive allograft. If reliable stability was not achieved, instrumentation was added. In posterior operation they always stabilized the spine by instrumentation and added fusion. In the remaining patients they combined the posterior and anterior operation. The anterior operations were, if necessary, supplemented by decompression, when using the posterior approach they decompressed by the posterolateral route. As to complications which called for re-operation, instrumentation failed once and twice a pseudoarthrosis was repaired. Pain disappeared or receded substantially in 86%. Of 30 patients with a partial nervous lesion 14 (47%) improved, in two slight deterioration occurred.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Chemical characterization of the regularly arranged surface layer glycoprotein of Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum D120-70.

Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum D120-70 possesses as its outermost cell envelope layer a square-arranged array of glycoprotein molecules. SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified surface layer showed a broadened band in the molecular mass range of about 115 kDa which, upon periodic acid/Schiff staining, gave a positive reaction. After proteolytic degradation of this material, two glycopeptide fractions were obtained. One- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance studies, together with methylation analysis and periodate oxidation, were used to determine the structures of the polysaccharide portions of these glycopeptides. The combined chemical and spectroscopic evidence suggests the following structures: (formula; see text).

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1990

Characterization of the surface layer glycoprotein of Clostridium symbiosum HB25.

The cell surface of Clostridium symbiosum HB25 is covered by a squarely arranged surface layer (S-layer) glycoprotein. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the sodium dodecyl sulfate-soluble whole-cell extract showed the presence of several high-molecular-weight protein bands in a narrow range (approximate Mr, 140,000) which, upon periodic acid-Schiff staining, gave a positive reaction. After proteolytic degradation of the purified S-layer glycoprotein, a single glycopeptide fraction was obtained by gel permeation chromatography. Hydrolysis, treatment with aqueous hydrofluoric acid, and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance studies showed that the glycoprotein glycan is a high-molecular-weight polymer (approximate Mr, 15,000) of tetrasaccharide repeating units with the component sugars N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc), and N-acetylbacillosamine (BacNAc; 2-N-acetyl-4-amino-2,4,6-trideoxy glucose) linked by monophosphate diesters. The following structure is proposed: [----6)-alpha-D-ManpNAc-(1----4)-beta-D-GalpNAc-(1----3)-alpha-D-+ ++BacpNAc- (1----4)-alpha-D-GalpNAc-(1----PO3)----]n. The nuclear magnetic resonance data provided evidence for a charge interaction between the free amino group of BacNAc and the phosphate group of adjacent glycan chains. Since polycationic ferritin did not label the cell surface of intact cells, an electrostatic interaction can also be expected in vivo, leading to a charge-neutral outer surface, which is characteristic of all other S layers from members of the family Bacillaceae studied so far.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1990

[The esthetic effect of surgical treatment of idiopathic scoliosis].

Idiopathic scoliosis has a negative impact on the heart and lungs in the deformed chest, its creates a cosmetic defect, i.e. asymmetry of the paravertebral prominence, shortening of the trunk, asymmetry of the shoulders and protruding scapulae. Later it may cause pain and nervous disorders. In a group of 46 patients aged 15.5 years with thoracic right-sided idiopathic scoliosis the effect of operation by Harrington's instrumentation and spondylodesis on improvement of the curvature and the cosmetic effect were investigated. Preoperative curvature of 69 degrees according to Cobb improved to 35 degrees (by 50%) and the prominence from 38 mm before operation to 23 mm after operation (by 32%). The operation had also a positive effect from the cosmetic aspect which is of great psychological importance for the patients, in particular girls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Methanocorpusculaceae fam. nov., represented by Methanocorpusculum parvum, Methanocorpusculum sinense spec. nov. and Methanocorpusculum bavaricum spec. nov.

Two new methanogenic bacteria, Methanocorpusculum sinense spec. nov. strain DSM 4274 from a pilot plant for treatment of distillery wastewater in Chengdu (Province Sichuan, China), and Methanocorpusculum bavaricum spec. nov. strain DSM 4179, from a wastewater pond of the sugar factory in Regensburg (Bavaria, FRG) are described. Methanocorpusculum strains are weakly motile and form irregularly coccoid cells, about 1 micron in diameter. The cell envelope consists of a cytoplasmic membrane and a S-layer, composed of hexagonally arranged glycoprotein subunits with molecular weights of 90,000 (Methanocorpusculum parvum), 92,000 (M. sinense), and 94,000 (M. bavaricum). The center-to-center spacings are 14.3 nm, 15.8 nm and 16.0 nm, respectively. Optimal growth of strains is obtained in the mesophilic temperature range and at a pH around 7. Methane is produced from H2/CO2, formate, 2-propanol/CO2 and 2-butanol/CO2 by M. parvum and M. bavaricum, whereas M. sinense can only utilize H2/CO2 and formate. Growth of M. sinense and M. bavaricum is dependent on the presence of clarified rumen fluid. The G + C content of the DNA of the three strains is ranging from 47.7-53.6 mol% as determined by different methods. A similar, but distinct polar lipid pattern indicates a close relationship between the three Methanocorpusculum species. The polyamine patterns of M. parvum, M. sinense and M. bavaricum are similar, but distinct from those of other methanogens and are characterized by a high concentration of the otherwise rare 1,3-diaminopropane. Quantitative comparison of the antigenic fingerprint of members of Methanocorpusculum revealed no antigenic relationship with any one of the reference methanogens tested. On the basis of the distant phylogenetic position of M. parvum and the data presented in this paper a new family, the Methanocorpusculaceae fam. nov., is defined.

Antigens, Bacterial↗