Role of selectins in acute pancreatitis.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to P Miskovitz.
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As illustrated, the practice of gastrointestinal endoscopy is not without risks. All physicians who perform endoscopy should be mindful of the tenets of risk management and how they apply to their endoscopic practices. Retrospective review of individual endoscopic practice habits should be performed yearly and modifications made where necessary. Hospital quality assurance committees should have gastrointestinal endoscopist representation. These committees should have as a component of their responsibilities a commitment to physician education.
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A case of asymptomatic metachronous metastatic unilateral renal cell adenocarcinoma to the gallbladder detected five years after resection of the primary renal neoplasm is reported here. The lesion was diagnosed by contrast enhancement of a gallbladder mass on abdominal computerized tomography scan and by color Doppler sonographic study of the gallbladder, both of which demonstrated the vascular supply to the intraluminal gallbladder mass. The biological behavior of renal cell adenocarcinoma is reviewed. Guidelines for the evaluation of intraluminal gallbladder masses are suggested.
One way to nutritionally support patients who cannot swallow is to administer formula directly into the stomach. Placing a gastrostomy tube percutaneously using endoscopy avoids the risks of general anesthesia and wound healing that accompany surgical gastrostomy. Although certain conditions (eg, sepsis, coagulation disorder, portal hypertension) are contraindications to the procedure, it can be done in patients who have had previous abdominal surgery and in those with severe illness. A commercially available feeding formula is used. The type chosen and the frequency of administration are based on the patient's specific needs. With regular medical monitoring and daily care of the gastrostomy site, appropriately selected patients may be safely maintained with enteral feeding for months. An advantage of the percutaneously inserted tube is that it is easily removed when the patient regains the ability to eat, and the fistula heals rapidly.
Duodenal-caval fistula is a rare, often lethal disease that requires prompt diagnosis and surgical correction. A case of duodenal-caval fistula due to duodenal ulceration is presented and discussed.
Appreciation for the diagnostic value of plain (noncontrast) radiography of the gastrointestinal tract appears to have diminished with the advent of more sophisticated imaging techniques. A case in which scrutiny of the gastric air pattern on plain abdominal films suggested the underlying presence of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome emphasizes the potential diagnostic value of plain radiography of the abdomen for gastric disorders.
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Eleven patients with symptoms of chronic postprandial idiopathic upper gastrointestinal distress served as their own controls in a clinical trial of a new prokinetic agent, domperidone. After evaluations to eliminate the presence of anatomic lesions, each subject was given domperidone and placebo in random order for one month. Using a symptom-scoring questionnaire, no superiority of domperidone over placebo could be demonstrated in the group as a whole. Improvement in two out of three patients with diabetic gastroparesis, however, was noted. Side-effects possibly related to domperidone consisted of gas pains and skin rash in one patient each.
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