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Biomedical subjects

P Mogensen

Publications and source records attributed to P Mogensen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of kidney stones does not induce transient bacteremia. A prospective study. The Copenhagen Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Study Group.

During 58 extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsies 161 blood cultures were drawn to evaluate the incidence of bacteremia during the procedure. Only 3 blood cultures drawn during the procedure yielded bacteria, in all cases probably skin flora contaminants. Post-lithotripsy fever was noted in 29% of the patients, and could not be associated with transient bacteremia and was not influenced by antimicrobial prophylaxis. Patients with a positive urine culture after extracoporeal shock wave lithotripsy may have an increased risk of septicemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Significance of predominantly irritative symptomatology before a prostatic operation.

The prognostic value of an excess of preoperative irritative symptoms of prostatism was evaluated. The prospective study included 139 men treated for benign prostatic hyperplasia who were evaluated by symptom analysis, uroflowmetry, water cystometry and pressure-flow study preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. The criterion for evaluation of postoperative success or failure was the subjective evaluation of the patient at 6 months. None of the single preoperative symptoms of prostatism predicted an eventual postoperative failure, nor did the preoperative predominance of irritative symptoms or the combination of irritative symptoms and detrusor instability attain prognostic significance.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Immunosuppressive treatment of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Documented treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is not available. Several studies have suggested an immunological etiology and an effect on the course of disease, when ALS-patients were treated with immunosuppressants. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of immunosuppressive therapy in ALS-patients comparing the course of disease in treated patients and in historic controls with ALS; 21 patients were included in the study, 17 men and 4 women. Median age at admission was 54 years for men and 61 years for women. 5 had progressive bulbar palsy, 7 both upper and lower motor neuron affections and 9 progressive muscular atrophy. Patients were treated with prednisolone and azathioprine for 1 year and examined regularly; 12 were treated and followed for more than a year. No definite difference between survival in treated patients and their controls was found.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Selegiline and levodopa in early or moderately advanced Parkinson's disease: a double-blind controlled short- and long-term study.

Selegiline 10 mg per day was compared to placebo as an adjunct to levodopa treatment in this double-blind study of early or moderately advanced Parkinson's disease. Thirty-eight patients completed an initial cross-over trial comprising two treatment periods, each of eight weeks, with a four weeks' wash-out period between them. Thirty of the patients continued in a long-term, double-blind parallel trial with a mean duration of 16 months (range 6-30 months). Selegiline treatment allowed a significant reduction of the necessary daily levodopa dose in both parts of the study and of the daily dosing frequency in the long-term investigation. In spite of this reduction of levodopa dose, an improvement was noted in tremor during the short-term selegiline periods. The side-effects were slight and related to dopamine effects and disappeared after reduction of levodopa-dose. The results support the use of selegiline as an early adjunctive treatment in Parkinson's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

LHRH analogue as a depot preparation (Zoladex) in the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the prostate followed by orchiectomy as a second line therapy--a phase II study.

An LHRH agonist, Zoladex, was employed as a monthly depot in 56 previously untreated patients with advanced carcinoma of the prostate. Of 53 evaluable patients, 27 achieved partial remission and 7 were stable. Median duration of response was 10 months. A favorable subjective response was attained in 68% of the patients. During treatment, serum testosterone was in the castrate range in all patients except five. Possible explanations for this escape phenomenon are discussed. No toxicity was observed and treatment was well tolerated in all patients. Thirty-two patients underwent bilateral orchiectomy following treatment failure of Zoladex. In one patient partial remission according to protocol criteria was recorded. Treatment with LHRH agonists seems safe and may serve as an alternative to conventional hormonal treatment of advanced carcinoma of the prostate.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Urodynamics in prostatism. I. Prognostic value of uroflowmetry.

A prospective study was undertaken to examine the prognostic value for the symptomatic outcome of prostatic surgery of preoperative urodynamic testing in patients with prostatism. The study design included selection of patients for prostatic surgery by means of classic non-urodynamic urologic investigations such as history, residual urine, serum creatinine, cystoscopy and possibly intravenous urography. In addition an extensive urodynamic work-up (uroflowmetry, cystometry and pressure-flow study with stop-test) was included. The results of the urodynamic studies were unknown to the surgeon selecting the patients for operation. This evaluation was repeated 6 months postoperatively. Totally 139 patients entered the study. The patients were classified according to the preoperative maximum flow rate (Qmax) and in spite of preoperative differences in uroflow, pressure-flow variables and symptom scores, no differences of clinical significance were noted postoperatively among the groups. However, the high-flow group (preoperative Qmax greater than or equal to 15 ml/sec) had a statistically significant lower success rate as judged by the patients subjective evaluation of the outcome of surgery. An analysis of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity indicated Qmax = 15 ml/sec as a relevant cut-off value regarding preoperative identification of patients at risk of a less favourable outcome of surgery. This group of patients was characterized by a higher incidence of persistent uninhibited detrusor contractions at follow-up and a lower incidence of preoperative infravesical obstruction. In conclusion we recommend uroflowmetry in the preoperative evaluation of patients with prostatism.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Urodynamics in prostatism. I. Prognostic value of uroflowmetry.

A prospective study was undertaken to examine the prognostic value for the symptomatic outcome of prostatic surgery of preoperative urodynamic testing in patients with prostatism. The study design included selection of patients for prostatic surgery by means of classic non-urodynamic urologic investigations such as history, residual urine, serum creatinine, cystoscopy and possibly intravenous urography. In addition an extensive urodynamic work-up (uroflowmetry, cystometry and pressure-flow study with stop-test) was included. The results of the urodynamic studies were unknown to the surgeon selecting the patients for operation. This evaluation was repeated 6 months postoperatively. Totally 139 patients entered the study. The patients were classified according to the preoperative maximum flow rate (Qmax) and in spite of preoperative differences in uroflow, pressure-flow variables and symptom scores, no differences of clinical significance were noted postoperatively among the groups. However, the high-flow group (preoperative Qmax greater than or equal to 15 ml/sec) had a statistically significant lower success rate as judged by the patients subjective evaluation of the outcome of surgery. An analysis of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity indicated Qmax = 15 ml/sec as a relevant cut-off value regarding preoperative identification of patients at risk of a less favourable outcome of surgery. This group of patients was characterised by a higher incidence of persistent uninhibited detrusor contractions at follow-up and a lower incidence of preoperative infravesical obstruction. In conclusion we recommend uroflowmetry in the preoperative evaluation of patients with prostatism.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Urodynamics in prostatism. II. Prognostic value of pressure-flow study combined with stop-flow test.

In a prospective study the prognostic value of preoperative pressure-flow studies in prostatism was examined. The indications for prostatectomy were based on non-urodynamic data only. An extensive urodynamic evaluation was performed pre- and postoperatively, including uroflowmetry, water cystometry and pressure-flow study combined with stop-flow test. In total the data from 130 patients were considered. The material was classified with respect to the "urethral resistance relation" (URR) and the "bladder output relation" (BOR). According to the first criterion 87 patients were obstructed, 36 unobstructed, while 7 were unclassifiable and finally excluded. In most urodynamic variables, the two groups differed preoperatively, but no differences were revealed postoperatively. However, the obstructed group did considerably better postoperatively as to the symptomatic outcome. The success rate was 93% as opposed to 78% in the unobstructed patients (p less than 0.02). For the BOR classification, the theoretical maximum flow rate (Qm,est) was employed forming two groups: 57 patients with decreased bladder speed (Qm,est less than 35 ml/sec) and 41 patients with normal speed (Qm,est greater than or equal to 35 ml/sec). Few differences in urodynamic variables were found both pre- and postoperatively, but no significant difference was shown in success rates. In conclusion the URR proved a significant prognostic value in prostatism and is recommended in the preoperative work-up, especially in patients with equivocal uroflow studies. No convincing prognostic role could be attributed to the BOR.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Urodynamics in prostatism. III. Prognostic value of medium-fill water cystometry.

The influence of preoperative cystometric findings on the post-surgical outcome in prostatism was examined in a prospective study comprising 139 consecutive patients. A blinded study design was used, including an entirely non-urodynamic selection procedure for prostatic surgery. In addition an extensive urodynamic investigation was carried out including: spontaneous uroflowmetry, medium-fill water cystometry and pressure-flow study combined with stop-flow test. All patients were re-evaluated 6 months postoperatively, both symptomatologically and urodynamically. The patients were classified in three groups according to the preoperative detrusor function: normal, overactive in the standing position and overactive in the supine position. No significant urodynamic nor symptomatologic differences were shown, neither pre- nor postoperatively. Nor did the subjective outcome differ between the groups. Demonstration of postoperative (persistent) detrusor instability was associated with an unfavourable subjective outcome. While residual urine had no predictive importance, a preoperative maximum cystometric capacity less than 300 ml appeared to indicate postoperative failure. Significant association was found between urge and detrusor instability. In conclusion, cystometry is not worthwhile in the preoperative work-up in prostatism.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Urodynamics in prostatism. IV. Search for prognostic patterns as evaluated by linear discriminant analysis.

In order to examine the prognostic role of routine urodynamic testing in prostatism, a prospective study was undertaken. The patients were selected for prostatic surgery exclusively by means of non-urodynamic criteria, but in addition an extensive, blinded urodynamic work-up was performed, including uroflowmetry, pressure-flow study combined with stop-flow test and water cystometry. The study comprised 139 patients consecutively referred for prostatism. Six months postoperatively all patients were reexamined. Previously the preoperative urodynamic data from each modality were analysed separately. In an attempt to increase the prognostic information, all data were computed simultaneously using linear discriminant analysis. Several preoperative variables appeared valuable to discriminate between patients with favourable and unfavourable postoperative outcome, respectively. However, the results of classification employing even the best combinations of variables did not result in more than 88% of the patients being correctly classified. Furthermore, especially the patients with unfavourable outcome generally were misclassified. Several reasons for this lack of efficacy are briefly mentioned, including the great overlap in preoperative urodynamic data between patients with favourable and unfavourable postoperative outcome and the relatively low postoperative failure rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Relationship between urinary flow curve patterns and symptomatology in elderly males.

In a random sample of elderly males prostatic type flow curves constituted slightly more than 50%, but no differences were proven comparing persons with and without prostatism. Also no clinically significant relationships between symptoms of lower urinary tract dysfunction and the various flow curve patterns were established. A hypothesis is advanced concerning the sequence of flow curve changes in elderly males, from normal bell-shaped curves to prostatic and finally irregular types, reflecting prostatic hyperplasia with gradual detrusor decompensation.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Some clinical aspects of uroflowmetry in elderly males. A population survey.

A random sample of 200 males aged 50 years or more was selected from the National Register in order to investigate various aspects of spontaneous uroflowmetry and to estimate the frequency of prostatism and symptoms of lower urinary tract dysfunction. All in all the data from 112 persons were analysed. The prevalence of prostatism was found to be 17% (95% confidence limits 11-26%), while 88% (95% confidence limits 83-95%) experienced various degrees of symptoms. Only few associations between single symptoms and uroflowmetry variables were demonstrated. However, statistically significant correlations were revealed between obstructive and total symptom scores on one hand and maximum and average flow rates on the other hand. As the correlations were modest and a considerable overlap of uroflow variables in persons with and without prostatism were proved, the diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of maximum flow rate as well as other uroflow variables were low in the screening for prostatism. In conclusion uroflowmetry appears inefficient to confirm a clinical impression of prostatism.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

The significance of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) before operative treatment of hypernephroma in a horseshoe kidney.

A case of hypernephroma in a horseshoe kidney is reported in a patient with total situs inversus organorum. The diagnostic procedures are discussed, and the significance of digital subtraction angiography for both diagnosis and treatment is emphasized, as the presentation of the arterial and venous supplies is of great value for guidance in the surgical intervention, particularly when congenital malformations are present.

Angiography↗
PubMed1985

Reproducibility of uroflowmetry variables in elderly males.

In the evaluation of prostatism urodynamics and especially uroflowmetry has received widespread attention. Review of the literature, however, revealed little information on the consistency of flow variables. Therefore eleven male volunteers above fifty years of age were asked to void five times during a short period of time. Each subject was found to reproduce his own flow curve fairly well. Statistical analysis of various flow variables, i.a. Q1s, Qmax, volume-corrected Qmax, Qmax time, Qave and volume voided, demonstrated a high degree of reproducibility. In conclusion a single flow curve is sufficient for clinical routine on the assumption that the patient declares the voiding to be typical.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Intravesical therapy of noninvasive bladder tumors (stage Ta) with doxorubicin and urokinase.

A double-blind investigation was done on 44 patients with noninvasive bladder tumors (stage Ta) given randomized intravesical treatment with doxorubicin with or without urokinase. The bladder tumors were not removed before treatment in any patient. No significant difference in response was detected between the 2 types of treatment. Of the patients 86 per cent responded to treatment, including 52 per cent who achieved complete remission. At 12 and 42 months after termination of treatment 42 and 35 per cent of the patients, respectively, remained free of recurrent tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Do intravenous urography and cystoscopy provide important information in otherwise healthy women with recurrent urinary tract infection?

An investigation of the influence on therapy of intravenous urography (IVU) and cystoscopy in a prospective study of 93 women with recurrent urinary tract infections is presented. The patients fulfilled the following criteria: a history of recurrent urinary tract infection (at least three episodes a year), a physical and gynaecological examination, determination of plasma creatinine, urine culture, microscopy, and uroflowmetry. It is concluded that IVU seldom reveals abnormalities that influence treatment in otherwise healthy women. On the other hand, uroflowmetry and cystoscopy occasionally yield helpful information.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Secondary surgery in advanced testicular germ-cell tumors.

Twenty-four patients with residual tumor after intensive chemotherapy for advanced testicular germ-cell tumors were subjected to secondary surgery. Twenty patients had complete resection with the following distribution of histological types: 4 embryonal carcinoma, 9 mature teratoma and 7 fibrous tissue. Eighteen of these patients remain free of disease. Four patients had incomplete resection. Two of these patients with embryonal carcinoma died later despite further treatment; 2 patients with teratoma remain free of disease. Secondary surgery is recommended in cases where residual tumor is found after intensive chemotherapy and where tumor markers are not elevated.

Combined Modality Therapy↗