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Biomedical subjects

P Moyer

Publications and source records attributed to P Moyer.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Level of maternal antibody required to protect neonates against early-onset disease caused by group B Streptococcus type Ia: a multicenter, seroepidemiology study.

Because of the difficulty of conducting efficacy trials of vaccines against group B streptococcus (GBS), the licensure of these vaccines may have to rely on studies that measure vaccine-induced antibody levels that correlate with protection. This study estimates the level of maternal antibody required to protect neonates against early-onset disease (EOD) caused by GBS type Ia. Levels of maternal serum IgG GBS Ia antibodies, measured by ELISAs in 45 case patients (neonates with EOD caused by GBS Ia) and in 319 control subjects (neonates colonized by GBS Ia but without EOD) born at > or =34 weeks gestation were compared. The probability of developing EOD declined with increasing maternal levels of IgG GBS Ia antibody (P = .03). Neonates whose mothers had levels of IgG GBS Ia antibody > or =5 microg/mL had an 88% lower risk (95% confidence interval, 7%-98%) of developing type-specific EOD, compared with those whose mothers had levels < 0.5 microg/mL. A vaccine that induces IgG GBS Ia antibody levels > or =5 microg/mL in mothers can be predicted to confer a high degree of type-specific immunity to EOD to their infants.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed1999

The puzzling association between smoking and hypertension during pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: The object of this study was to examine the association between maternal smoking and hypertension during pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: We used data from the Collaborative Perinatal Project, a large prospective cohort study that collected detailed information on blood pressure, proteinuria, smoking, and placental morphologic and histologic characteristics. A total of 9651 healthy primigravid women without chronic hypertension who had been enrolled in the study at the first or second trimester (average 18 weeks' gestation) and had had >/=3 prenatal visits were included. Gestational hypertension was defined as diastolic blood pressure >/=90 mm Hg on 2 occasions from 24 weeks' gestation to 2 weeks post partum. Preeclampsia was defined as gestational hypertension plus >/=2 urine samples containing >/=1+ protein according to dipstick measurement during the same gestational period. RESULTS: After we controlled for prepregnancy body mass, age, socioeconomic status, and race, both past smoking and smoking during pregnancy were associated in a dose-response pattern with reduced risks of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. For women who smoked >/=10 cigarettes/d the relative risks with respect to women who had never smoked were 0.6 (95% confidence interval, 0.4-0.9) for gestational hypertension and 0.5 (95% confidence interval, 0.4-0.7) for preeclampsia. This protective effect was observed both for mild and severe gestational hypertension and for preeclampsia. The more and the longer a woman had smoked previously, the lower was her risk of development of hypertension during pregnancy. This association could not be explained by confounding factors, by changes in placental morphologic or histopathologic characteristics, by maternal net weight gain, or by elevated liver enzyme bioactivity. CONCLUSION: Smoking is associated with a reduced risk of hypertension during pregnancy. The protective effect appears to continue even after cessation of smoking. Further basic research on this issue is warranted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Proximal electromagnetic shear forces.

We perform a simple model calculation to estimate the electromagnetically induced shear force caused by a current dissipation when a charged tip is moved parallel to a conducting material. For parameters typical in shear force imaging, the force is many orders of magnitude below reported values. Thus, proximal electromagnetic tip-sample forces can be neglected in discussions of shear force imaging.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Definition of emergency medicine.

This SAEM position paper clarifies the role of emergency medicine in health care delivery. It builds upon the working definition of emergency medicine developed by the American College of Emergency Physicians in 1994 by describing the health care role of emergency physicians (EPs). EPs are first-contact providers who care for all patients regardless of age, gender, time of presentation, or ability to pay. They remain the only continuously accessible specialty for patients seeking help and solace in the health care system. They are an essential link in the health care continuum between primary care physicians, specialists, the out-of-hospital system, the patient, inpatient services, and communication services. The EP's role is in organizing and monitoring the emergency care delivery system. Part of this role is to better align the health care provider training and ability with the specific medical needs of a patient. The emergency health care system remains the essential medical safety net for all individuals needing care in this country.

Emergency Medicine↗
PubMed1998

[beta-catenin overexpression in metastasized colorectal carcinoma--an important mechanism in progression of the disease?].

The protein beta-catenin can not be degraded in CRC due to different reasons. This leads to an increased formation of beta-catenin/Tcf4 complex, which has a strong transcription factor activity. We investigated the mRNA expression of beta-catenin and Tcf4 in N, T and M in 12 cell lines and in tissues samples of 14 patients. We found a significant increase of beta-catenin mRNA expression in the primary tumors and in the metastases. These data show for the first time that apart from the known mechanisms the overexpression of beta-catenin mRNA can be an additional factor contributing to the increase of beta-catenin amount in cells of CRC. The resulting increased transcription of hitherto unknown target genes might be involved in the progression and the metastatic process of CRC.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

Integration of United States emergency medicine concepts into emergency services in the New Independent States.

At this writing, a collaborative partnership has been in place for 30 months between the Boston University Medical Center, the University of Massachusetts Medical Center, the Armenian Ministry of Health, and the Emergency Hospital of Yerevan, Armenia, to improve emergency and trauma care in that city. Fifty-five individuals have traveled to and from the Emergency Hospital, the partner hospital. The collaboration has led to the creation of the Emergency Medical Services Institute (EMSI) at Emergency Hospital, an 800-bed facility that serves as a trauma center and as base for the Yerevan ambulance system. A curriculum (text and slides) has been developed and translated into Armenian and Russian. To date, the Armenian EMSI has trained nearly 300 emergency medical personnel: physicians, nurses, drivers, and first responders. The Armenian EMSI faculty have received training in directing instruction of emergency care providers. Plans are in place to begin training in Armenian cities outside of Yerevan and in neighboring republics. An emergency medicine residency program received ministry approval and was begun with six resident physicians in January 1995. To date, 45 nurses have graduated from a 400-hour training program. This partnership program chose an education initiative as the vehicle for interaction between the United States and the formerly Soviet-directed Armenian health care system. Officials of the partner hospital requested assistance in upgrading the skills of its abundant emergency care workforce, citing cardiovascular disease, trauma, and accidents as leading causes of death and disability in Armenia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Armenia↗
PubMed1991

Analyzing dental practice value: doing your own appraisal.

Analyzing practice value consists of a simplified method of determining practice value that allows the dentist to periodically review and value his or her own practice. Three formulas are outlined and averaged, considering cash flow and how it can affect the total picture. The subjective portion of practice analysis is also detailed to show how practices with the same production levels and assets can have varying worth.

Financial Management↗
PubMed1989

Magnesium levels.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Heart Arrest↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The 'Y2K bug': how to ease hospital equipment into the next millennium.

The advent of the 21st century is unlikely to wreak as much technologic havoc as the doomsayers have predicted. The Y2K problem is addressed by new programs that use a four-digit year code. Although hospitals must prioritize technology for Y2K compliance, they also need to address the issue actively: 2000 is less than 18 months away!

Computer Systems↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Operating room fires: how to prevent and minimize spread.

To prevent fires, a simple rule to remember is the "fire triangle" of oxygen, heat, and fuel. Minimizing oxygen enrichment will reduce the fire hazard. Proper protocols need to be established for the handling of heat-bearing units, such as electrosurgical pencils, electrocautery units, and lasers.

Equipment Safety↗