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Biomedical subjects

P O Bucher

Publications and source records attributed to P O Bucher.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

[Speech rehabilitation in aphasia in the concept of International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICDH0)].

A neurogenic disorder of acquired speech, aphasia not only is a speech disorder but also implies restriction in communicative independence. In line with the WHO's principle of attending to the consequences of disease as well, speech rehabilitation has to deal not only with aphasia in terms of speech disorder (i.e., impairment) but also with aphasia in terms of communicative ability disorder (i.e., disability) as well as with aphasia in terms of psychosocial interference (i.e., handicap). Current speech therapy orientations can be assigned to these three dimensions and the need for these three levels of approach can be assessed accordingly in light of the course of the condition. Given the speech disorder's frequently limited amenability to therapeutic intervention, a psycholinguistics-communication oriented speech rehabilitation as well as counselling and psychologically focussed measures are increasingly relevant to enable a more appropriate response to reduced communicative independence and ensuing psychosocial handicaps.

Aphasia↗

Case report: top hearing performances of a postlingually deaf cochlear implant user.

On the occasion of the Cochlear Implant Symposium in Geneva in October 1991, top hearing results attained by a young postlingually deaf woman with cochlear implant systems were presented in video recordings. These data are centered on demanding hearing performances in test situations and in a telephone conversation. For various reasons, two reimplantations were necessary in this deaf patient. Initially, she was provided with a single-channel extra-cochlear electrode of the Vienna type, which she found to improve her lipreading substantially, and she attained an unexpectedly good understanding of speech on a purely auditory basis. Today, this postlingually deaf women uses a multichannel intracochlear electrode of the Nucleus type. The excellent results with the first extracochlear system are clearly surpassed with the intracochlear system. Not least because of her above-average speech competence, the cochlear implant user attains a high degree of open speech understanding. Her verbal hearing efficiency is comparable to that of a person with mild to moderately severe hearing loss.

Adolescent↗

[Auditory and communication learning in patients with cochlear implants].

Nowadays the cochlear implant (CI) offers a new method of hearing, especially for deaf patients who do not benefit from conventional hearing aids. However, it may be difficult to get used to this kind of hearing advice. CI users have special problems in interpreting strange acoustic sensations and relating them to auditory features of language and noise they knew before the onset of deafness. An interdisciplinary approach is very important for rehabilitation. Beside otological examination and the surgical implantation, audiological assessment is needed for the correct adjustment of the speech processor and for measurement of performance. Also auditory management and counselling of deaf patients is an important part of CI rehabilitation. A learning programme in hearing and communicating ("hearing training") is offered to CI users that takes account of different linguistic levels. Auditory learning by the use of CI is based on different abilities of the deaf patient, of which the most important are speech skills and learning capacity. Although success rates vary, it certainly improves speech intelligibility during lip reading, communication behaviour, and recognition of environmental noise. The latter ability improves orientation in the acoustic surroundings. CI rehabilitation may improve the psychosocial attitude of the deaf.

Cochlear Implants↗