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Biomedical subjects

P O Quinn

Publications and source records attributed to P O Quinn.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Prenatal origin of schizophrenia in a subgroup of discordant monozygotic twins.

Neuropathological, obstetrical, and epidemiological evidence increasingly suggest that some cases of adult-onset schizophrenia have prenatal or neonatal etiological roots. We evaluated the developmental histories of 23 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia to determine when they markedly and permanently began diverging from each other in motor skills or unusual behavior. Seven of the twins (30%) who later developed schizophrenia had become permanently different from their cotwins by age 5 years. The early divergence group differed from the others by multivariate tests (p = 0.002) for within-twin pair effects and by univariate tests for physical anomaly scores (p = 0.01), total finger ridge counts (p = 0.001), family history of psychosis (p = 0.004), and serious perinatal complications or low birth weight (p = 0.05). It is concluded that some cases of adult-onset schizophrenia are associated with prenatal events, which may include neurodevelopmental abnormalities or specific insults such as anoxia or infectious agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Newborn minor physical anomalies and problem behavior at age three.

The authors followed up 136 three-year-olds who had high or low scores for minor physical anomalies of face, head, hands, and feet at birth. Interviews with parents revealed that high-anomaly infants were somewhat more likely to have problem behaviors at age three; this was particularly true for hyperactive-impulsive behavior for boys. Preschool teachers' ratings of hyperactivity, however, did not show a significant relationship to anomaly score. The results suggest some congenital contributors to behavior disorders of childhood, but the relationship between anomalies and problem behavior is weak and limits clinical usefulness of this measure when used alone for identifying a high-risk population.

Child Behavior Disorders↗
PubMed1976

ACTH4-10: cognitive and behavioral effects in hyperactive, learning-disabled children.

A single dose of 30 mg i.m. ACTH4-10 or placebo was given to a sample of 20 hyperactive, learning-disabled children. No significant drug effects were obtained on measures of visual and auditory memory, new learning, impulsivity, attention, perceptual motor skills, anxiety, or behavior during testing. There was a slight increase in pulse rate for drug compared with the placebo group. These findings are in keepeing witth other recent reports of limited or insignificant cognitive effects in adults of a single dose of this peptide.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

One-year follow-up of hyperactive boys treated with imipramine or methylphenidate.

The authors report on a one-year follow-up of 76 hyperactive boys who had participated in a comparative study of methylphenidate, imipramine, and placebo. They found that there was a higher rate of discontinuance of imipramine than of methylphenidate in this sample and that both medications decreased the boys' rate of weight gain but had no significant effect on growth in height. This findings is of concern because larger doses than were used in this study are in use elsewhere. Teachers reported that the group of boys who had discontinued either medications showed continued hyperactivity and behavior problems in the classroom at one year. The two treatment groups showed continued improvement at one year in classroom and home behavior and did not suffer significantly from each other.

Administration, Oral↗