Biomedical subjects

P Ours

Publications and source records attributed to P Ours.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1987

DIABEDS: a randomized trial of the effects of physician and/or patient education on diabetes patient outcomes.

To examine the effects of intensive patient and/or physician diabetes education on patient health outcomes, a controlled trial was conducted in which internal medicine residents and their 532 diabetic patients were randomly assigned to: routine care; patient education; physician education; or both patient and physician education. Patient outcome data were analyzed either by analysis of covariance on post intervention values (2-hour post-prandial plasma glucose [PPG]; body weight [BW]; blood pressure [BP]; or analysis of variance conducted on change values (fasting plasma glucose [FPG] and glycosylated hemoglobin [A1Hgb]). After patient education, significant improvements were observed in FPG, A1Hgb, BW, and systolic and diastolic BP. Physician education resulted in significant decreases in FPG, A1Hgb and BW. The combination of patient plus physician education resulted in the greatest improvements in patients' health outcomes including FPG, A1Hgb, PPG, BW and diastolic BP. Adjusted systolic BPs were not significantly different in the two groups. While these physiologic improvements were statistically and probably clinically significant, hyperglycemia and obesity still persisted. Thus, achieving optimal patient outcomes for a chronic disease like diabetes mellitus may require a greater or more effective use of resources than currently estimated.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗

PubMed1985

Computer-selected exchange lists approximations for recipes.

A computer program has been developed to aid dietitians and patients in determining the best Exchange Lists for Meal Planning representation for a serving of a recipe. Applying an optimization program to information obtained from a nutrient data base and a recipe file results in a printout of the five best Exchange Lists representations and the macronutrient and caloric content of the recipe serving compared with the Exchange Lists approximate nutrient values for each of the "best fit" solutions. The nutritional analysis of one serving of the recipe (including 26 nutrients), as well as a breakdown by recipe ingredients, is also provided. Analysis of a 10-item recipe takes about 17 minutes of coding, entry, and evaluation time and 6 seconds of mainframe computer time. This program has been used to compute Exchange Lists representations for the recipes in Vol. II of The American Diabetes Association/The American Dietetic Association Family Cookbook.

Computers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of computer-based diet education in persons with diabetes mellitus and limited educational background.

A study was conducted to determine whether computer-based techniques for meal planning and diet education could be an effective supplement to diabetes diet counseling in a group of inner-city subjects with limited educational background. Sixteen individuals with diabetes mellitus who were newly referred to an inner-city outpatient diet clinic and who demonstrated ninth-grade reading ability were given computer-based nutritional education. They received meal planning information through use of individualized computer-planned menus and education about the diabetes diet by computer-assisted instruction (CAI) combined with an interactive videodisc system (VIDEO). Total contact time was 180 min of CAI/VIDEO, 50 min of dietitian/patient education, and 20 min of dietitian/patient computer time (the last function could have been performed by a clerk). At the end of 4 wk, the group performance was improved in Exchange Lists knowledge (P less than 0.001), recognition of foods containing concentrated carbohydrate (P less than 0.05), and reduction of reported fat intake (P less than 0.05). In addition, average group weight declined by 4.6 lb (P less than 0.005). No improvement was found in food-measuring skills or in calorie-consumption compliance during a standardized buffet lunch. It appears that computer-based techniques are an acceptable supplement to traditional methods of education in this patient group and can improve the effectiveness of diabetes education programs without a significant increase in dietitian time.

Adult↗