Biomedical subjects

P Panzner

Publications and source records attributed to P Panzner.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

A critical appraisal of methods used in early clinical development of novel drugs for the treatment of asthma.

Asthma is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by chronic airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness and remodeling. Being the hallmark of asthma, airway inflammation has become the most important target for therapeutic agents. Consequently, during the past decade various semi-and non-invasive methods have been explored to sample the airway inflammation in asthma. In this review, we provide a practical overview of the current status of various sampling techniques including sputum induction, exhaled breath analysis, and bronchoprovocation tests (BPTs). We focus on their applicability for monitoring in clinical practice and in intervention trials in asthma.

Asthma↗

PubMed2006

[Inhibin B and intraacrosomal proteins in men from the couples with fertility disorders].

THE AIM: To monitor the basic andrologic and immunologic sperm factors and the levels of inhibin B in serum and in seminal plasma in men from the couples with infertility disorders. SETTING: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical School, Charles University and University Hospital, Plzen, Institute of Molecular Genetics, AV CR, Prague, Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, LF UK a FN, Plzen. METHODS: We used conventional methods for estimation of sperm quality according to WHO and we detected the intra-acrosomal proteins by monoclonal antibodies (Hs8 and Hs14, immunofluorescent method), spermantibodies by direct mixed antiimunoglobulin reaction (MAR) test, and we examined inhibin B in serum (< or =400 pg/ml= A) and in seminal plasma (< or = 600 pg/ml= N) by ELISA in 355 men aged 21-52 years (ø 34 years) with normal levels of FSH, LH and testosterone. The control group was created by 56 health sperm donors. RESULTS: We found 65% normospermatics in the group of 355 patients, 34.9% men with various kind of pathologies. Predominance of spermagglutinating antibodies was found in 15.77% in IgG, in 19.44% in IgA, in 8.44% in IgA and IgG together. Normal intraacrosomal proteins were reached in 74.65% for Hs8, in 20.85% pathologic, in 86.2% normal findings for Hs14, in 4.23% pathologic. The immunological results in control group were completaly negative. Pathological levels of inhibin B in seminal plasma was found in 37.2% (152 men), in 25% in serum, and in 5.6% in serum and in seminal plasma together. In 54.7% of patients we found physiological levels of inhibin B in both biological fluids. We also compared physiological 109/152 (71.71%), and pathological spermiogrammes 43/152 (28.29%) with abnormal levels of inhibin B in seminal plasma, with intraacrosomal proteins to levels of inhibin B in serum. Our detailed study shows high interidividual results, which must be studied in complex with diagnosis of decreased fertility in man. CONCLUSION: Andrologic and immunologic analysis in the group of 355 men showed normal parameters of spermiogrammes in 231 patients (65%), in the rest of men the immunologic profil was in various parts pathologic. Only 105 men have got excellent spermiogrammes. Inhibin B as hormon regulates in back the secretion of FSH, and serves as good indicator in male reproductive failures.

Acrosome↗

PubMed2006

[Serum antibodies against annexin V and other phospholipids in women with fertility failure].

THE AIM: To study serum antibodies against annexin V and against other phospholipids in women with fertility failure. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Imunology and Alergology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Charles University and Faculty Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We investigated sera from a total of 1550 women aged 26-41 years who attended the Division for Infertility and Reproductive imunology, in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University, and Faculty Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic. ELISA was used for detection of antibodies against annexin V, phosphatidic (ph)-acid, ph-ethanolamine, D-L glycerol, ph-inositol, L-serine, cardiolipine, beta-glycoprotein, and prothrombine), antibodies against zona pellucida by passive hemmagglutination. Antibodies against annexin V in ovulatory cervical mucus were studied only in 47, and in follicular fluid in 168 women. Eighty-four fertile healthy women were included in the control group. RESULTS: Antibodies against annexin V were found in 13% (in 170 infertile women). Anamnestic data showed two or more unexplained pregnancy losses in 48 (28.2%), 108 (63.5%) patients had two or more unsuccessfull in vitro fertilization, polycystic ovaries (PCO) was diagnosed in 3 (1.7%), and endometriosis in 11 (6.6%) of them. The increased levels of antibodies against ph-inositole (28.8%), and L-serine (19.4%) were detected. 353% of patients had positive levels against zona pellucida. In ovulatory cervical mucus only in six (6/47) antibodies against annexin V were detected, in 5.55% in follicular fluid (6/108). CONCLUSION: Our study also demonstrated serum positivity against annexin V as a significant risk factor mainly in patiens with repeated reproductive failure.

Abortion, Habitual↗

PubMed2001

[Free radicals in immunology and infectious diseases].

Free radicals contribute significantly in modification of immune processes and inflammatory reactions. They are produced by activated phagocytes which use them for killing microorganisms. Free radicals facilitate production of cytokines, which are important as modifiers of inflammatory reactions. Formation of free radicals is influenced by antioxidants which can thus modify the intensity of inflammatory reaction and immune response. The authors describe in detail the contribution of free radicals in etiology and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The role of free radicals and modifying influence of antioxidants in viral, bacterial, parasitic and mycotic diseases is described in the second part of the review. Finally, influence of free radicals and antioxidants on immunity changes in patients with malignant tumours, during aging and physical exercise is discussed.

Aging↗

PubMed2000

[Use of cryopreserved sperm in the microagglutination test].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to find out the behavior of sperm cryopreserved in microagglutination test (TAT). METHODS: TAT using native sperm pertains to the screening methods in spermagglutinating antibodies. Spermatozoa cryopreserved in egg-yolk medium, just in seminal plasma or in the commercial made medium--Medi-Cult (Denmark) were used in this study. SETTING: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology Medical Faculty of Charles University, Pilsen. RESULTS: 367 tests were performed together. It includes 108 examinations with native spermatozoa, 59 with spermcryopreserved in egg-yolk medium, 109 with spermcryopreserved just in seminal plasma and 91 in Medi-Cult medium. The correspondance of results with native and cryopreserved sperm was found in 24% for egg-yolk medium, in 69% for seminal plasma and in 77% for commercial medium Medi-Cult. CONCLUSION: The results show that spermcryopreservation in Medi-Cult medium or just in the seminal plasma are able to be used in TAT for detection of spermagglutinating antibodies.

Antibodies↗

PubMed1997

[Profile of antiphospholipid antibodies in various diagnoses associated with reproduction].

The authors investigated antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) against phosphatidic acid, ph-ethanolamine, ph-DL-glycerol, ph-inositol, ph-L-serine and cardiolipine in isotypes IgG and IgM in various diagnoses associated with reproduction. They found that the most varied pattern of high levels of these antibodies is in particular in patients with the diagnosis of intractable infertility (in 26.5% women IgG against cardiolipine, in 24.5% patients IgG against ph-inositol and ph-DL-glycerol, in 17.6% women IgG against ph-ethanolamine, in 20.6% women IgG against phosphatidic acid antigens). Intractable infertility, repeated failures of IVF and patients with a basic autoaggressive disease were followed up and their antiphospholipid antibodies were assessed. In one patient follow up of APA revealed SLE before the patient developed clinical symptoms of the disease.

Abortion, Habitual↗

PubMed1995

[Levels of endogenous plasma cortisol in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other diffuse connective tissue diseases].

The authors tried to obtain information on levels of endogenous plasma cortisol in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other diffuse connective tissue diseases, in particular systemic lupus erythematosus. Endogenous cortisol was assessed by radioimmunoanalysis at 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. If the sum of the morning and afternoon values reached the level of 280 nmol/l (sum of the lowest still normal values), they considered the daily cortisol secretion still normal. In a group of 30 patients who did not have glucocorticoid therapy the authors found only in one patient a lower daily endogenous cortisol secretion. In 117 patients with a relatively severe course of rheumatoid arthritis where small doses of corticoids (equivalents of 5-10 mg Prednisone) were administered for prolonged periods, a reduced daily secretion of endogenous plasma cortisol was recorded in almost 40%. Repeated examinations made in 13 subjects with rheumatoid arthritis revealed relatively frequent differences in values of endogenous plasma cortisol. In rare instances extremely low plasma levels of endogenous cortisol were found. Similar results as in rheumatoid arthritis, although assessed in a relatively small number of probands, were obtained by the authors also in patients with other diffuse connective tissue diseases, in particular those with systemic lupus erythematosus. Those patients had for prolonged periods roughly double doses of corticoids as compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis. During repeated examinations the endogenous plasma cortisol levels varied also. The authors are aware that from the assembled results it is so far not possible to draw any definite conclusions and that further investigations are needed which will test the impact of endogenously produced corticoid.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗

PubMed1994

[Rheumatoid arthritis--a diffuse connective tissue disease].

The authors describe in a group of 100 patients, mostly with a severe form of rheumatoid arthritis, subjects with so-called "severe" extraarticular affections which can threaten the patients' lives or cause substantial deterioration of its quality, and those subjects where rheumatoid arthritis was the cause of death. These affections were associated--directly or indirectly--with the basic disease. From the absolute number of revealed affections the authors do not want to draw any conclusions as they are aware of various factors which could influence them. They assume, however, that the assembled data provide evidence that the American Rheumatological Association was right to include rheumatoid arthritis among diffuse connective tissue diseases and that it must be considered not only a disease of the locomotor apparatus but a potential disease of the organism as a whole.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗

PubMed1992

[Review of new methods of investigating cellular immunity].

The objective of this review is to describe some recent methods which are used to examine the specific and non-specific cellular defense of the body. Greatest attention is devoted to methods which are not mentioned in the publication "Selected diagnostic methods in medical immunology" by J. Procházková (Prague, Avicenum 1986). The article summarizes data from the literature on recent examination methods of various parameters of cellular immunity such as detection of surface membrane antigens of immunocompetent cells, examination of cytotoxic activity, blastic transformation and activation of cells of the immune system.

Humans↗

PubMed1990

[Plasmapheresis--a therapeutic method for immunity-related infertility?].

In a 30-year-old woman with primary idiopathic sterility the immunological cause of infertility was assessed (spermagglutination antibodies in serum and in the ovulation mucus of the uterine cervix). The patient was treated without success by condom therapy, general and local immunosuppression. Therefore treatment by means of membrane separation plasmapheresis was started during two preovulation periods. Serum spermagglutination antibodies class IgM declined from the original titre of 1:1024 to 1:16, immediately after homologous inseminations they rose, however, to the original titre and the patient did not become pregnant.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Pure red cell aplasia in chronic lymphatic leukemia. Successful treatment using immunosuppression].

The authors describe two cases of chronic lympocytic leukaemia complicated by pure red cell aplasia of autoimmune origin. The first patient achieved complete recovery of erythropoiesis after short-term immunosuppression by means of cyclophosphamide and prednisone. The second patient did not respond to the same combination of immunosuppressive drugs and remission was achieved by administration of antithymocyte globulin. In the discussion the authors deal with contemporary knowledge of the pathogenesis of autoimmune erythroblastopenia and mechanismus of action of antithymocyte globulin.

Aged↗