Biomedical subjects

P R Axon

Publications and source records attributed to P R Axon.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1997

Aspergillus mastoiditis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

We present the case history of a patient who was severely immunocompromised due to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and who subsequently developed acute mastoiditis due to Aspergillus fumigatus. Fungal otomastoiditis is a rarely reported complication of HIV infection. A high index of suspicion is required in these patients to facilitate early diagnosis and appropriate therapy.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗

PubMed1997

A comparison of surgery and radiotherapy in the management of post-cricoid carcinoma.

One hundred and forty-three patients with post-cricoid squamous cell carcinoma are described. Twenty-nine patients (20%) underwent pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy with gastric transposition. Forty-four patients (31%) were treated with radical radiotherapy and 70 (49%) had palliative therapy. Kaplan Meier 5-year survival following surgery was 45% and radiotherapy was 23%. The presence of nodal disease at presentation was the most significant prognostic factor. The 5-year survival of patients undergoing surgery with no palpable lymph node spread at presentation was 63% which compared with 25% following radiotherapy. This difference was statistically significant (P = 0.0153, Logrank test stratified by nodal status). Patients with palpable metastatic nodal spread at presentation had 5-year survivals of 10% and 0% in the surgical and radiotherapy groups respectively. This study demonstrates that patients with post-cricoid carcinoma who present without palpable lymph node spread have a significant improved 5-year survival following surgery when compared with radiotherapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Strangulated iatrogenic diaphragmatic hernia: a late diagnosed complication.

Three cases of iatrogenic diaphragmatic herniation are reported following thoracic and high abdominal surgery. Each case presented at least 6 months after the original surgery with symptoms of acute upper gastrointestinal obstruction. Diaphragmatic herniation was not considered in the initial differential diagnosis which lead to a delay in their referral. We emphasise the importance of checking the diaphragm following upper abdominal surgery and care when closing a defect.

Abdomen↗

PubMed1995

Endoscopic balloon dilatation of subglottic stenosis.

Children with subglottic stenosis present a challenging problem to otolaryngologists. In many cases, a tracheostomy is necessary to safeguard the airway, but morbidity and mortality in the tracheostomized child may be significant. Therefore attempts to improve the airway by endoscopic means are often made; unfortunately, these have a variable success rate. Recent encouraging results in the use of balloon dilatation for subglottic stenosis led us to the successful use of this technique in a child whose stenosis had not responded to conventional endoscopic techniques. The reasons for the success are discussed.

Catheterization↗

PubMed1994

The Foley catheter in epistaxis management--a scientific appraisal.

The Foley balloon catheter has been used in the management of posterior epistaxis for several decades. Despite a lack of uniformity in balloon use, it is frequently successful in arresting haemorrhage. A better understanding of the balloon's characteristics may further increase its effectiveness by more appropriate use in some individuals. Inflation characteristics were assessed in vitro by measurement of balloon length and diameter at various inflation volumes. Deflation of air-filled balloons was found to be consistent for each balloon type. The deflation rate was unaffected when BIPP (bismuth-iodoform-paraffin paste) or liquid paraffin soaked gauze were applied to the catheter. Recommendations for catheter use are made.

Bismuth↗