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Biomedical subjects

P R Sandberg

Publications and source records attributed to P R Sandberg.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

Carbohydrate loading and deploying forces.

The physical demands faced by soldiers of the U.S. Army are in many ways similar to those experienced by endurance-event athletes. Mission success, and even life itself, depend on physical stamina. This article examines the possibility that carbohydrate loading, as practiced by endurance athletes, may prove to be an ergogenic aid that enhances this endurance. Although the negative side effects of the classic carbohydrate-loading procedure would hinder the critical pre-mission activities, a modified carbohydrate-loading approach attains the same benefits without the adverse side effects. The mechanisms for implementing the modified carbohydrate-loading regimen are already in place within the current unit structure of the U.S. Army. A proposed pilot study would ascertain if the current research data on carbohydrate loading could be generalized to the deploying soldiers of the U.S. Army.

Dietary Carbohydrates↗

Neural transplants disrupt the blood-brain barrier and allow peripherally acting drugs to exert a centrally mediated behavioral effect.

The disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) following neural transplantation has been demonstrated with horseradish peroxidase histochemistry. It appears that the BBB becomes at least temporarily permeable to large macromolecules. In this study, two drugs (N-methylscopolamine and domperidone) that do not normally cross the BBB were shown to exert a centrally mediated behavioral effect when systematically administered in transplanted rats. This demonstrates that N-methylscopolamine, domperidone, and perhaps other peripherally acting drugs can enter the brain via transplants and directly modify CNS function.

Animals↗

Cholinergic systems in muscle and brain in vitamin E-deficient rats.

Rats fed a vitamin E-deficient diet for 7--8 weeks postweaning showed no change in brain weight or the activity in brain of various enzymes involved in neurotransmitter synthesis and metabolism. Body and muscle weights were markedly reduced. Muscle choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase activities were significantly elevated on a protein basis, but the total amount of choline acetyltransferase/muscle was essentially normal and total acetylcholinesterase activity was slightly reduced. Total carnitine acetyltransferase and butyrylcholinesterase activities were markedly decreased. The results are quite different from those found in hereditary murine muscular dystrophy and suggest a myogenic etiology for the vitamin E-deficiency-induced condition.

Acetylcholinesterase↗