Rationing. Introduce new category of prescription charges, "full cost medicines".
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Drug Costs↗
Biomedical subjects
P Ramsay-Baggs
Publications and source records attributed to P Ramsay-Baggs.
The effect of pre-operative administration of bupivacaine compared with its postoperative use.
Eighty patients undergoing lower third molar surgery under general anaesthesia were assigned to one of two groups to receive local anaesthetic blockade either 10 min prior to surgery or after surgery just before leaving the operating theatre. Patients in both groups received the local anaesthetic block whilst unconscious. Pain was assessed using visual analogue scales at 6 h and 1, 3 and 6 days after surgery. A McGill Pain Questionnaire was also completed on the morning following surgery. At no time was it possible to detect any significant difference in pain between the two groups. The administration of local anaesthesia prior to starting surgery does not appear to have any advantage over its postoperative administration in patients undergoing this type of surgery. The local anaesthetic, however, does provide excellent analgesia during the first few hours following surgery.
Adult↗
Adenosquamous carcinoma. A rare neoplasm with an aggressive course.
We report a case of adenosquamous carcinoma that arose in the maxillary alveolus of a 61-year-old woman, metastasized rapidly to submandibular and deep cervical lymph nodes, and caused death in spite of surgery and radiotherapy. Our case highlights the aggressive behavior associated with this tumor when it occurs in the oral cavity and at most other body sites. In addition, the oral adenosquamous carcinoma may not be as rare as the small number of reported cases might suggest because the adenocarcinoma component may form a very small proportion of the tumor as in our case, and the histopathologic criteria for diagnosis are not clearly established. Thus some cases of adenosquamous carcinoma may not be recognized as such. This underlines the important role of the histopathologist in the diagnosis of oral cancer by the recognition of specific subtypes of cancer and their associated prognostic significance.
Carcinoma, Adenosquamous↗
Junior medical posts in the NHSSB: what the doctors think.
This survey of house officers in the Northern Health and Social Services Board in Northern Ireland demonstrated that they have complaints not just about the number of hours they work. Thirty-nine per cent noted poor standards of food and/or accommodation. Many complained about doing routine "non-medical" work and thought that their working conditions would be improved by nurses having more responsibility for managing intravenous medication and the employment of phlebotomists. Doctors expressed concerns about a lack of career counselling and availability of training in research methods in their posts.
Job Satisfaction↗
A new slant on an old view--the rotated 15 degrees occipito-mental projection.
A simple variation on the standard 15 degree occipito-mental radiographic projection is described which gives additional information on the site and displacement of fractures of the zygomatic region.
Chin↗
A self retaining apicoectomy retractor.
A self retaining apicoectomy retractor suitable for use under local or general anaesthesia in the upper and lower premolar, canine or incisor regions is described. Constructed from an Ash no. 1 rubber dam clamp the device can be cheaply and easily constructed from materials available in most orthodontic or dental laboratories.
Apicoectomy↗