Biomedical subjects

P Ray

Publications and source records attributed to P Ray.

274 records · Page 16Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Helicobacter pylori in Indian HIV infected patients.

Helicobacter pylori is a causative organism for chronic gastritis and associated with peptic ulcer disease. Infection may be asymptomatic as well. Human immuno-deficiency virus infection predisposes to a multitude of opportunistic infections, many of them resulting in gastrointestinal symptoms. We studied the prevalence of H pylori co-infection with HIV and its correlation with gastrointestinal symptoms in HIV infected patients. Seventy-three consecutive HIV infected patients presenting to the medical out patient department of Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India, were included in the study. Antibodies (IgG) to H pylori were tested by ELISA. There were 43 males, 30 females; mean age 26.1 +/- 4.7 years. Risk factors for acquiring HIV infection was predominantly heterosexual exposure. Eleven patients presented with gastrointestinal symptoms. Thirty-five of the 73 (47.9%) patients had serological evidence of H pylori infection. Six of them had gastrointestinal symptoms. These were odynophagia in 5, dyspepsia in 4 and recent diarrhoea in 2. Twenty-four patients with H pylori infection had AIDS. There was no difference in the prevalence of H pylori infection between patients with and without AIDS.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence and patterns of condom use among patients attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate prevalence and patterns of condom use among patients attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic, who are at increased risk of developing STDs. Interviews of 800 patients attending a Baltimore STD clinic were conducted. The prevalence of condom use was dependent on the measure of use employed. For example, 9 out of 10 patients reported ever having used condoms, slightly less than one-third of the patients reported having used condoms in the past 30 days, and only 17% of the patients reported using a condom at last sex. Use also varied somewhat by type of sexual partner, and within any given relationship, from first to last sexual encounter. The most significant factor corresponding to condom use in the 30 days prior to the interview was number of sexual partners (lifetime and in the last month). Multivariate analyses revealed number of lifetime partners to be the most significant predictor of condom use for men, whereas age was the most significant variable for women. These findings suggest that interventions should focus not only on the individual, but the couple.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Exopolysaccharide production by some rhizobium strain in culture.

Eight Rhizobium strains were screened for exopolysaccharide production during growth in yeast extract mannitol medium. A strain of Rhizobium loti produced more than 250 mg of exopolysaccharide/100 ml of culture during the stationary phase of growth. Exopolysaccharide production was favoured by maltose and mannitol but N2 supplementation could not affect the production siginificantly. Preliminary studies indicate that the polymer contains 16% protein and 73.5% carbohydrate being composed of glucose, galactose and glucuronic acid.

Carbon↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Normal limits of 14C-urea breath test.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: 14C-urea breath test has been widely used for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. There is no general agreement on the cutoff values for determination of H. pylori negative subjects. We studied baseline values in subjects who were proved to be H. pylori negative and calculated the cutoff value of normalcy. A comparison of this test with other tests for diagnosis of H. pylori infection was also done. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 12 patients (mean age 34 +/- 14, range 22-65 years; 8 men) of non-ulcer dyspepsia were studied, who were proved to be H. pylori negative by rapid urease test, Gram's staining, histopathology and culture of gastric mucosal biopsies obtained four each from the antrum, body and fundus of the stomach. The controls included 12 patients (mean age 40 +/- 13, range 22-65 years, 9 men), who were positive for H. pylori on culture or combination of rapid urease test and histopathology or rapid urease test and Gram's stain. 14C-urea breath test was performed using 5 uCi of 14C-urea dissolved in 300 ml of water. Breath samples were collected once before ingestion of 14C urea and subsequently at 5, 15 and 30 minutes after ingestion and 14C-contents in the breath samples measured. Results were expressed as 14 CO2/mmol CO2 exhaled as percent of administered urea. RESULTS: The mean +/- SD 14-C value in H. pylori negative vs H. pylori positive patients at 5 minutes, 15 minutes and 30 minutes were found to be 0.003 +/- 0.003 vs 0.064 +/- 0.042 (p < 0.001), 0.002 +/- 0.001 vs 0.056 +/- 0.039 (p < 0.001) and 0.001 +/- 0.002 vs 0.041 +/- 0.026 (p < 0.001) respectively. The mean values of 14C-urea breath test were significantly lower in H. pylori negative patients as compared to H. pylori positive patients. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of the data, the cutoff values obtained were 0.01, 0.007 and 0.009 at 5 minutes, 15 minutes and 30 minutes respectively. CONCLUSIONS: 14C-urea breath test levels at 5, 15 and 30 minutes intervals are significantly lower in H. pylori negative patients as compared to H. pylori positive patients. This test has high sensitivity and specificity in detecting H. pylori infection.

Adult↗