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Biomedical subjects

P Ries

Publications and source records attributed to P Ries.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Adenocarcinomas of the distal esophagus and gastric cardia: what chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for recurrent or metastatic disease?].

Adenocarcinomas of esophagus and cardia represent in France approximately 20 to 40% of the esophagus cancers. They have a high risk to develop lymph nodes metastases and liver metastases. Currently, only 50 to 70% of patients may benefit from surgical curative resection at diagnosis, but more than 50% of them will recur. The standard of treatment of these metastatic adenocarcinomas is chemotherapy. Three large randomized comparative studies, between chemotherapy and supportive care, showed that chemotherapy significantly extends the median of survival (from 3-4 months to 10-12 months) and improves the quality of life. Currently, the combination of epirubicin-cisplatin-continuous 5FU (ECF) is the most effective regimen but it is difficult to administer and tolerate because of the long continuous 5FU infusion. In France, the most commonly used combination regimen still associates 5FU and cisplatin. New drugs (such as docetaxel, CPT11, oxaliplatin) used alone or in combination, especially with 5U, are very promising. Radio-chemotherapy is the preferred treatment for locoregional recurrences, because it improves dyphagia and enables to obtain complete tumor responses. Current results from concomitant radio-chemotherapy studies for esophagus cancer, based on 5FU alone, 5FU-cisplatin or 5FU-mitomycin, given as preoperative treatment or as exclusive treatment, support to use radio-chemotherapy for the treatment of loco-regional recurrences after surgical resection. Nevertheless, the optimal radio-chemotherapy schedule still remain to be defined (dose, duration, splitting of radiotherapy, choice of anticancer drugs).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Popularise and/or be damned: psychoanalysis and film at the crossroads in 1925.

Geheimnisse einer Seele'--the only film in which film producers and psychoanalysts have openly collaborated to bring psychoanalysis into the public domain--was an immediate success with the general public and reviewers and is still considered a milestone in the early history of the cinema. By contrast it caused disagreement within the psychoanalytic community, which put personal and professional relationships to a test, which Freud came to feel that 'our Circle has not passed well', and which has left the film as a millstone round the neck of psychoanalysis and its practitioners. By drawing on new documentary material and placing the 'Film Affair' in its wider context, the author aims to highlight the significance and complexity of this episode as an important event in the early history of psychoanalysis.

Freudian Theory↗
PubMed1994

Histamine and serotonin released from the rat perfused heart by compound 48/80 or by allergen challenge influence noradrenaline or acetylcholine exocytotic release.

Terminal nerve fibres of the autonomic nervous system closely approach mast cells in peripheral organs, and mutual influences between release of neurotransmitters or mast cell mediators may cause neuro-immunological interactions. We have studied the influence of mast cell degranulation on the release of endogenous noradrenaline and newly incorporated acetylcholine (such as 14C-choline/acetylcholine overflow) evoked by stimulation of extrinsic postganglionic sympathetic or preganglionic vagal nerves in the rat Langendorff heart perfused with Tyrode solution. Compound 48/80 perfused in normal hearts, or ovalbumin infused into hearts from rats sensitized to ovalbumin, enhanced the overflow of endogenous histamine and serotonin. Both stimuli increased the release of mediators to a similar extent and with fast kinetics. Maximum average concentrations in the perfusate of histamine were about 800 nmol/l, and of serotonin 40 nmol/l, in a sample collected within 4 min after mast cell degranulation. Stimulation of autonomic nerves did not affect basal histamine or serotonin overflow. Whereas basal overflows were unaffected, the stimulation-evoked releases of both noradrenaline and acetylcholine, were facilitated when compound 48/80 was perfused before and during nerve stimulation. The facilitation of noradrenaline overflow was more pronounced (by 60%) when compound 48/80-induced mediator overflow started 4 min before nerve stimulation as compared to 30 s (15%), and was reduced by cocaine (by 50%), and, in the presence of cocaine, abolished by cimetidine (but was unaffected by mepyramine and thioperamide) and NG-nitro-(L)-(-)-arginine. In the presence of cimetidine and cocaine, when the facilitatory components were abolished, the evoked noradrenaline overflow observed 30 s after the start of infusion of compound 48/80 was inhibited, and the inhibition was partly reduced by methiotepin and ketanserin. Ovalbumin infusion in hearts from sensitized animals caused an inhibition of evoked noradrenaline overflow sensitive to methiotepin and also partly to ketanserin, and no facilitation was observed. The facilitation (> 100%) of evoked overflow of acetylcholine observed at 4 min after the start of perfusion with compound 48/80 was partly reduced by thioperamide (but not mepyramine or cimetidine) and to a comparable extent either by tropisetron (3 mumol/l) alone or by tropisetron plus methiotepin. In conclusion, degranulation of immunological cells is followed by histamine and serotonin release in the rat heart and may affect the release of autonomic neurotransmitters in rather unusual ways, by i) an uptake1-dependent and ii) an H2-mediated facilitation which probably involves nitric oxide as a permissive mediator, and iii) a serotonergic inhibition, of noradrenaline release, and iv) an H3- and serotonergic facilitation of acetylcholine release.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1992

Collagenfleece as a bioimplant for orthopedic surgery.

Man-made bone implant materials as substitutes for autogenic spongiosa transplantation are reviewed, specifically materials made from collagen. The intra- and extracellular biosynthesis of collagen is described. Manufacture, properties and indications of sterile Collagen-fleece, a well proven surgical biomaterial prepared from porcine collagen, is presented. Further research led to the development of a new bone-replacement material called Collapat.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Educational differences in health status and health care.

Includes estimates by years of education for limitation of activity, restricted-activity days, assessed health status, physician contacts, hospital discharges and days, incidence of acute conditions, and prevalence of chronic conditions. Level of education is cross-classified by age, sex, race, poverty status, Hispanic origin, geographic region, place of residence, major activity, marital status, and employment status. All estimates are shown as unadjusted and age adjusted and are based on data collected in household interviews by the U.S. Bureau of the Census for the National Health Interview Survey during 1989.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Americans assess their health: United States, 1987.

Statistics are presented on the proportions of persons assessed in fair or poor health by respondents in household interviews conducted during 1987 on a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates are shown by age, sex, race, family income, education, poverty status, Hispanic origin, major activity, marital status, living arrangement, family size, labor force and employment-related characteristics, geographic region, and place of residence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Considerations on the classification of odontogenic tumours.

The histogenetic, organogenetic and embryological aspects of tooth development are used in 4 hypotheses which form a basis for understanding the formal genesis of benign odontogenic tumours. The ectomesenchyme which gives rise to odontoblasts and cementoblasts is distinguished from mesenchymal tissue. Using 4 histogenetic cell groups (epithelial, ectomesenchymal, neuroectodermal and mesenchymal), the various types of odontogenic tumour are discussed. A short analysis is presented of different odontogenic tumour classifications, and some principle problems of terminology and taxonomy are examined.

Ameloblastoma↗
PubMed1980

[A contribution to the general and specific pathology of benign odontogenic tumors].

The genesis of benign odontogenic tumours may only be understood by examining the histo- and organogenesis of tooth development. In this way, "ectomesenchymal" cells (odontoblasts and cementoblasts) can be clearly distinguished from the usual cells of the mesenchyma, as inductive effect closely connects them with ameloblasts. The influence on tumour morphology can also be shown, according to which the structureforming, metabolic and inductive powers of differentiation of the orthological mother tissue are maintained and remain effective. Combining in pairs the four histogenetic cell groups (epithelial, ectomesenchymal, neuroectodermal and mesenchymal) facilitates systematic classification and understanding of the various types of odontogenic tumours. Based on the biological characteristics of these tumours, neoplasms may be distinquished, one group of tumours more dependent on the phases of odontogenesis in contrast to a group of autonomous tumours. In this short analysis of different classifications of odontogenic tumours, the principle problems of taxonomy and terminology will be discussed.

Ameloblastoma↗
PubMed1978

[Case report on "congenital cystic eye" (author's transl)].

The "congenital cystic eye" is a rare ocular malformation due to an arrest of normal development with complete or partial failure in the invagination of the primary optic vesicle between the third and fifth week of embryonic life. A coincidence of maternal varicella infection and congenital cystic eye is described and the possibility of a causal relationship is discussed.

Chickenpox↗
PubMed1977

[Secondary hyperparathyroidism: comparison of clinical findings with the degree of early parathyroid hyperplasia (author's transl)].

Among 580 consecutive nonselected necropsies there were 145 cases of secondary hyperparathyroidism. In 74 instances blood concentrations of Ca2+, PO4(3-), urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin and alkaline phosphatase were available for comparison with the histomorpholgical degree of parathyroid hyperplasia matched with a control group of 32 patients with normal parathyroids. Analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in the levels of PO4 (3-) and creatinine between the normal group and that with minimal hyperplasia. Minimal and moderate diffuse parathyroid hyperplasia was associated with significant difference in calcium, phosphate, urea, creatinine, and total protein concentrations.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗