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Biomedical subjects

P Robertson

Publications and source records attributed to P Robertson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Lift traffic patterns in a multi-storey residential block.

This paper describes an exploratory survey throughout the user-day of the free-demand lift traffic patterns in a residential block of flats as a step towards compiling a data set of such traffic patterns in various types of accomodation with a view to producing a lift design guide.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1975

[Primary nursing].

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Primary Nursing↗
PubMed1970

Primary nursing.

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Nurse-Patient Relations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comprehensive experimental study of industrial, domestic and environmental interferences with the forensic luminol test for blood.

This paper presents the fi rst comprehensive and quantitative study of substances that interfere with the forensic luminol test for blood. Two hundred and fifty substances have been selected on the basis of modern lifestyles and of contiguity with crime scenes. The intensity of the chemiluminescence produced by each substance has been measured relative to that of haemoglobin and the peak wavelength shift has also been determined. The following is a short list of nine substances that produce chemiluminescence intensities comparable with that of haemoglobin: turnips, parsnips, horseradishes, commercial bleach (NaClO), copper metal, some furniture polishes, some enamel paints, and some interior fabrics in motor vehicles. Care needs to be taken when the luminol test for blood is used in the presence of these substances.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The mammalian testis accumulates lower levels of organochlorine chemicals compared with other tissues.

Tissues were obtained from three separate experiments in order to quantify the tissue distribution of organochlorine chemicals that are thought to be potential reproductive toxicants in males: 1) Sprague Dawley rats received 1 microCi of 14C-Aldrin or 14C-Dieldrin (20.6 microCi/micromole) i.p. once a week for three weeks. One week and four weeks after the last injection, tissues were harvested and stored at -80 degrees C. Tissue 14C levels were quantified by scintillation spectrometry. 2) Cis- or trans-nonachlor (0, 0.25, 2.5, 25 mg/kg body weight) were administered daily in corn oil to male rats by gavage for 28 days. Tissues were harvested and frozen at -80 degrees C on the 29th day. Organochlorine residues were extracted and quantified by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. 3) Technical grade toxaphene (0, 0.1, 0.4 or 0.8 mg/kg body weight) was ingested daily by female cynomolgus monkeys of reproductive age for 18 months prior to being mated with control males. Dosing continued during pregnancy and lactation. Their infants received toxaphene via breast milk, and upon weaning, they ingested the same dose as their mothers for 48 to 49 weeks until, at 77 to 80 weeks of age, tissues were harvested and stored at -80 degrees C. Organochlorine residues were extracted and quantified as previously stated. In all three experiments, organochlorine residues in the testis were lower than in most of the other reproductive tract and nonreproductive tract tissues we examined. For example, testicular aldrin and dieldrin levels were <5% the epididymal content; testicular cis- and trans-nonachlor were <25% the epididymal content and, testicular toxaphene levels were <15% of the epididymal content. The reasons for the low degree of accumulation by the testis in comparison with other tissues are unknown. However, the lower testicular content may afford germ cells some protection from the potentially toxic effects of these chemicals.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Open fractures of the tibia and femur in children.

Forty-seven children with 32 open tibial fractures, 11 open femoral fractures, and six closed tibial fractures with compartment syndrome, which were surgically opened, were assessed for the time to union and incidence of nonunion and infection. Treatment varied with fracture severity and patient age. Tibial external fixators were supplemented by short-leg casts, and fixators were removed at an average of 7 weeks. No child required further surgery to achieve union. There was one (2%) delayed union and no nonunions. Three fractures (6%) developed infections. No pin-tract infections occurred in tibial fractures treated with external fixation with casting. The relation between age and time to union was statistically significant. In open fractures without segmental bone loss or soft-tissue loss requiring major reconstruction, bony healing can be expected within 6 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Failure to identify venereal disease in a lesbian population.

Venereal disease in the male homosexual population has been well studied, but little information is available about venereal disease in lesbians. A screening of 148 sexually active lesbians revealed no cases of syphilis, cervical gonorrhea, herpes simplex virus, or Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Cervical atypia, ranging from mild dysplasia to carcinoma in situ, was detected in four women (2.7%). This group of lesbians had a longer mean interval between routine Papanicolau smears (21 months) than did other women using the same clinic facility (eight months). Results indicate that routine screening for venereal disease may not be cost-effective in a lesbian population, but routine Papanicolau smears should be encouraged.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunogenetic studies of multiple sclerosis patients in Caithness County, Scotland.

The present report indicates that there is an increased frequency of HLA-B7 in multiple sclerosis patients compared to unrelated controls and unaffected siblings. HLA-A3 was not significantly increased. The increased frequency of certain HLA antigens was not reflected in increased titres of serum measles antibodies in this group. In contrast to our previous studies, there were only minimal differences in the cellular response to measles antigen in multiple sclerosis patients as compared to siblings and unrelated controls.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro determination of the antimicrobial properties of two cyanoacrylate preparations.

Isobutyl and trifluoro cyanoacrylates showed varying degrees of inhibition for Lactobacillus casei and Staphylococcus aureus when tested by the spread plate technique. Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant. The results tend to support the view that inhibition of growth was due to the vapor effect and not the diffusibility of the cyanoacrylates.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mental health: financial arrangements for long-stay residents.

The process of preparing long-stay patients for relocation from mental health hospitals to the community has been well described, but little attention has been paid to the effects such a move has on arrangements for residents' finances. This article describes a system which seemed to mix the best of the traditional hospital banking system with modern community-based commercial banking services, and how the provision of a financial service to a group of institutionalised residents assisted in the process of re-personalisation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sunscreen use and environmental awareness among beach-goers in Cape Town, South Africa.

BACKGROUND: The potential impact on health of increased exposure to sunlight has caused increased concern in recent years. In South Africa little is known of peoples' sunbathing habits, use of sunscreens, and factors influencing these practices. AIMS: The aims of the study were to determine sunscreen usage among the South African beach-going public, to determine sunbathing practices of beach-goers and to determine factors influencing peoples' sunbathing habits. METHODS: Cluster sampling at 3 popular Cape Peninsula beaches was used to select a sample of 231 white adult beach-goers. Questionnaires were administered to obtain information on the use of sunscreens, frequency of use, peoples' sunbathing activities, their susceptibility to sunburn and ability to tan, whether there was a history of severe sunburn, and knowledge and awareness of environmental issues. Information was also obtained on personal characteristics and sociodemographic factors. RESULTS: 50% of respondents were using a sunscreen on the day of the interview. More women than men, and people over 25 years of age relative to younger persons, made frequent use of sunscreen lotions. A sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or more was being used by 5% of the population. With respect to peoples' knowledge and awareness of the environment, 90% of the population cited skin cancer as a potential consequence of over-exposure to sunlight, although, in general, knowledge of environmental issues was poor. CONCLUSIONS: A major effort is needed to improve attitudes and practices in South Africa with respect to sun-tanning activities.

Adult↗