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P Royle

Publications and source records attributed to P Royle.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Uninflected structure in familial language impairment: evidence from French.

We present the results of 20 French subjects with familial language impairment (FLI) on a linguistic battery task, with an emphasis on verb production. The results show strong qualitative differences between the verb production of FLI subjects and that of controls. Language-specific factors do not seem to determine the production of verbs in French FLI individuals. Rather, verb frequency and the inflectional status (uninflected vs. inflected) of the form seem to be determining factors in correct/incorrect production of a verb in a sentence context. The phonetic structure of French inflection provides additional arguments against the hypothesis of a processing deficit in FLI subjects. French tense morphemes are stressed and salient, and should therefore be produced without problems, according to the processing hypothesis. We found evidence contrary to this postulate. We therefore submit that the morphological deficit hypothesis is supported by the French data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The potential of an insoluble dietary fiber-rich source from barley to protect from DMH-induced intestinal tumors in rats.

The influence of soluble and insoluble dietary fiber supplements from barley and wheat on colon cancer risk was assessed using male Sprague-Dawley rats from four weeks of age on a semipurified (AIN76A) rat diet modified to contain 20% fat of mixed animal and plant origin and 5% dietary fiber. Gastrointestinal tumors were induced with dimethylhydrazine given weekly for five weeks at 15 mg/kg body wt by subcutaneous injection, commencing four weeks after rats were established on the experimental diets. At 32 weeks of age, rats were killed and tumors assessed. The insoluble dietary fiber-rich source from barley (spent barley grain, SBG) was significantly more effective at preventing induced tumors than soluble fiber-rich commercial barley bran. There were no significant differences among the results for the other three fiber sources, which were intermediate in their influence. Both incidence of rats affected and tumor mass index were reduced, the latter significantly, when SBG was compared with commercial barley bran. SBG also produced a significant reduction in plasma cholesterol concentration (down 17%, p < 0.05) relative to wheat bran, but commercial barley bran was not different from wheat bran at this stage. Pure cellulose and outer-layer barley bran were, by comparison, only moderately effective in cancer prevention. SBG, like wheat bran, is a good source of cellulose and hemicellulose. It is also a good source of proteins, polyphenolics, fatty acids (including alpha-linolenic), vitamin E, and minerals. Further research is needed to clarify the relevance of these other factors to the differences observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

What is a word? Recognizing polymorphemic lexical items in DLI.

This paper addresses issues of frequency and transparency in word recognition and their importance for the organization of the mental lexicon in Developmentally Language Impaired (DLI) francophones. A simple visual lexical decision task probes responses of DLI and control participants when presented with verbs. DLI participants are sensitive to whole-word frequency and show little or no transparency effects. These results are interpreted as indicating that words are not organized according to "morphological families" in the DLI mental lexicon, but rather according to a principle of frequency. These facts support the hypothesis that words in the DLI mental lexicon lack lexical features and morphological structure.

Cognition↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Insertions of the transposon Tn1 into the Pseudomonas aeruginosa chromosome.

The transposon Tn1 has been translocated to the chromosome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from plasmid R18, following hydroxylamine mutagenesis of the plasmid. Twelve insertions were mapped to six distinct sites distal to 55 min of the origin of chromosome transfer by the plasmid FP2. These map locations were confirmed by host chromosome mobilization tests mediated by plasmids R18 or R91-5, due to Tn1 homology between plasmid and host chromosome. All the Tn1 chromosomal inserts were retransposable to other plasmids (Sa, R931 and R38). The behavior of Tn1 in P. aeruginosa was very similar to its behavior in Escherichia coli with respect to regional specificity, orientation of insertion and in serving as regions of homology for host chromosome mobilization by plasmids. This last property has permitted the demonstration that Tn1 on R18 and R91-5 is in opposite orientation with respect to the origin of transfer (oriT) of the two plasmids.

Chromosome Mapping↗