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Biomedical subjects

P S Chari

Publications and source records attributed to P S Chari.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

A prospective study of hospital-acquired infections in burn patients at a tertiary care referral centre in North India.

A prospective study was carried out in a burn unit of a tertiary care referral centre in North India. Patients with 20-70% TBSAB were enrolled. Seventy-one patients developed 59 hospital-acquired infections (HAI); the infection density being 36.2 infections per 1000 patient days. Invasive wound infections were the commonest (33), followed by blood stream infections (22), urinary tract infections (3) and pneumonia (1). Infection contributed to 75% of observed mortality. On logistic regression analysis, infected patients were more likely to die as well as stay longer in the hospital as compared to non-infected patients. Infected patients also had more central venous lines inserted. The mortality was related to percent TBSAB. Thirteen out of 18 patients who had TBSAB more than 60% died as compared to 5 out of 31 with TBSAB less than 40%. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and beta-hemolytic streptococci (BHS) were the most frequent organisms causing hospital-acquired infection. Except for BHS all other organisms were highly drug resistant. Better compliance with hand washing and barrier nursing techniques, stricter control over disinfection and sterilization practices and usage of broad spectrum antibiotics, and reduction of the environmental contamination with S. aureus are required to reduce the HAI rates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Congenital sternal cleft.

A cleft of the sternum is a rare congenital anomaly. We present a case of a sternal cleft in a 7-year-old boy. A split iliac bone graft covered with the sternocostal portion of a pectoralis major flap was used to reconstruct the defect.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed2001

The sandwich temporoparietal free fascial flap for tendon gliding.

Microsurgical transfer of the superficial and deep temporal fascia based on the superficial temporal vessels has been documented. This article analyzes the functional recovery when each layer of this facial flap is placed on either side of reconstructed or repaired tendons, to recreate a gliding environment. This fascial flap also provided a thin, pliable vascular cover in selected defects of the extremities. Six patients (four male and two female) with tendon loss and skin scarring of the hand (three dorsum, one palmar, and one distal forearm) and posttraumatic scarring of the ankle with tendoachilles shortening (one patient) underwent this procedure. No flap loss was witnessed. Good overall functional recovery and tendon excursion were observed. Complication of partial graft loss was observed in two patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Effects of variation in the timing of palatal repair on sagittal craniofacial morphology in complete cleft lip and palate children.

The complete cleft lip and palate children, ranging from 6-14 years of age were studied to evaluate the effect of variation in the timing of palatal repair on craniofacial morphology and compared to the noncleft children. It was observed that all the groups early (8 to < or = 24 months), medium (> 24 to < or = 36 months) and late repair (> 36 to < or = 78 months) had significantly larger cranial base, retruded maxillomandibular relations, skeletodental and incisal relationships compared to the noncleft children. However, intercomparison among the cleft groups showed insignificant difference amongst them suggesting that the timing of palatal repairs does not effect the anterioposterior (sagittal) relationship.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Effects of variation of the timing of palatal repair on nasality of speech in complete cleft lip and palate children.

Nasality is related to factors like velopharyngeal closure and acoustic factors pertaining to cavities. The present investigation is a retrospective study aimed at evaluating the effects of variation in the timing of palatal repair on nasality during speech development in complete cleft lip and palate cases. It has been observed that the delay in palatal repair is associated with increase in nasality. Also, from the operated complete cleft lip and palate cases, it has been observed that the early and medium repair groups had almost similar effects on nasality of speech. (if they were operated before 36 months of age).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

Effect of growth hormone therapy in burn patients on conservative treatment.

Evaluation of growth hormone therapy in burns is limited and none is reported from developing countries where burns still carry high mortality. We analysed serial observations on the clinical and biochemical profiles in 13 patients with second and third degree burns who received recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) (0.5 IU/kg body wt) for 2 weeks in addition to standard conservative treatment and in 9 patients who were managed with standard conservative treatment only. The two groups of patients had burns, comparable in extent and severity. Additional rhGH treatment resulted in improved wound healing (p < 0.001), delayed separation of eschars (p < 0.01), increase in haemoglobin (p < 0.05), serum albumin (p < 0.01), calcium (p < 0.05), phosphorus (p < 0.001), glomerular filtration rate (p < 0.05) and 7 fold elevation in IGF-1. Also, a reduction in weight loss (p < 0.01), nitrogen production rate (p < 0.05), catabolic index (p < 0.01), duration of sepsis (p < 0.01) and hospital stay by 40% (p < 0.01) was noted with rhGH therapy. Transient hypercalcemia (3 patients), albuminuria (2 patients) and elevated blood glucose (one patient) were noted in the rhGH treated group not necessitating any specific therapy. Mortality in rhGH treatment group was 8.3% compared to 44.5% in the "no rhGH" treatment group. These observations suggest significant benefits of short term rhGH treatment in burn patients on conservative management.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Sagittal craniofacial morphology in repaired unilateral and bilateral complete cleft lip and palate cases.

Fifty repaired complete cleft lip and palate cases (38 UCLP and 12 BCLP) in the age of 6 to 14 years were evaluated for sagittal craniofacial morphology using lateral cephalograms. A total of twenty three measurements (19 angular and 4 linear) were used in the analysis to represent a comprehensive pattern of dento craniofacial morphology. The results of comparison between UCLP and BCLP revealed differences for only the skeletodental and interincisor sagittal relationship (greater retroclination in BCLP group).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Hemangioma of the temporalis muscle.

A rare case of an intramuscular hemangioma of the temporalis muscle is reported. The clinical examination, carotid arteriogram, computed tomographic scan, and aspiration cytology suggested the vascular nature of the tumor, but an exact diagnosis could only be made after histopathologic examination. Temporary occlusion of the ipsilateral external carotid artery and subperiosteal dissection permitted complete, wide excision without much bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Transverse and vertical asymmetry of bilateral craniofacial structures in repaired unilateral and bilateral complete cleft lip and palate cases.

Fifty repaired complete cleft lip and palate cases (38 UCLP and 12 BCLP) in the age range of 6 to 14 years were evaluated for transverse and vertical asymmetry using postero-anterior cephalograms. A total of nine bilateral landmarks, representing upper face, mid face and lower face were used. Results showed that asymmetry was not confined to any single plane of reference but manifested in both dimensions--transverse and vertical. The UCLP group had greater asymmetry of mid face than the BCLP group. Asymmetry was found to be extending to distant areas besides the contiguous structures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Effect of timing of palatal repair on the transverse development of maxillary alveolar arch in complete-cleft cases.

Forty cleft cases in the age range of 5-12 years where the palatal repair had been performed at 16-24 months (17 cases), 24-36 months (15 cases) and 36-72 months (8 cases) were assessed retrospectively, for the status of maxillary arch and were segregated as acceptable and unacceptable. Plaster casts were prepared from alginate impressions and their graphical reproduction using Huddart's technique, were used to measure the alveolar arch. Anterior palatal measurement (C-C') and posterior palatal measurement (P-P') of the cleft subjects were compared with that in the non-cleft matched controls. The 16-24 month group showed 41.2% acceptable and 58.8% unacceptable arch cases. The 24-36 month group showed that 73.4% had acceptable arches and 26.6% had unacceptable arches. In the 36-72 months group the arch was acceptable in 62.5% cases and unacceptable in 37.5% cases. It was concluded that palatal repair performed before 24 months of age adversely affected the maxillary growth, whereas most favourable growth of maxillary arch occurred when the repair was done between 24-36 months.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Skin cover for exposed cardiac pacemakers.

Skin flap cover of exposed cardiac pacemakers in 3 patients was successful in 2. In the third, repeated plastic surgical procedures enabled the patient to have the continuous use of his pacemaker for nearly a year.

Adult↗