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Biomedical subjects

P S Orr

Publications and source records attributed to P S Orr.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Pre-core mutant infections in the Canadian Inuit.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Previous cross-sectional data suggested that chronic hepatitis B viral (HBV) infections in the Canadian Inuit were inactive. The aim of this study was to confirm these findings and document the prevalence of the subsequently described "pre-core mutant" variant of HBV in this population. METHODS: We obtained sera from residents of five remote Canadian Inuit communities. Residents were selected if they were known to be hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive or had a history of liver disease. HBV serology, HBV-DNA, and pre-core mutant testing were performed by commercially available assays, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing of the viral genome, respectively. RESULTS: Sera were obtained from 176/266 (66%) of selected individuals. Thirty-eight (22%) were HBsAg positive and 16 (9.1%) anti-HBs positive. Of HBsAg positive carriers 25/38 (66%) were male as compared to 68/138 (49%) of the remaining individuals (p<0.05). Of 37 HBsAg positive carriers, none were HBeAg positive, 36 (97%) anti-HBe positive and one (3%) HBeAg and anti-HBe negative. Liver enzyme and function tests were normal in all cases. 30/37 (81%) HBsAg positive carriers were HBV-DNA positive and 26/30 (87%) were pre-core mutant positive. CONCLUSION: The majority of HBV infections in community-based Canadian Inuit are inactive and the prevalence of pre-core mutant infections is the highest reported to date.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Randomised trial of mesterolone versus vitamin C for male infertility. Scottish Infertility Group.

A prospective randomised trial was carried out to assess the effect of 9 months' treatment with either mesterolone or vitamin C in 368 men complaining of an infertile marriage. There was no significant difference in the wife's pregnancy rate between the two treatment groups. A separate analysis of the data was made to include only men with a low normal testosterone (less than 16 nmol/l) and low sperm density (less than 10 million/ml). This separate analysis was also restricted to men married to wives with normal test results for tubal patency and ovulation and again there was no difference in pregnancy rates between the two treatment groups. These results indicate that mesterolone therapy given in the absence of any defined endocrinopathy is of no benefit in promoting male fertility and furthermore we have been unable to find any subgroup who will respond. Improvements in the therapy of male infertility are only likely after a diagnosis has been defined.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1978

Congenital ureteric cyst--rare anomaly.

A rare example of a congenital cyst of the ureter is described and the embryologic development of the abnormality discussed. The world literature relevant to the case is reviewed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

An unusual abnormality of human spermatozoa.

A defect affecting 90% of the spermatozoa of an infertile man consisted of round heads and a loss of tails, probably caused by a developmental abnormality at the spermatid stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Carcinoma of the penis: a review of 42 cases.

A retrospective survey was made of 42 cases of carcinoma of the penis presenting over 14 years. Cases for attempted cure of the primary lesion were treated by either radiotherapy or surgery. It is recommended that radiotherapy should be the primary treatment as it is non-mutilative, allows secondary surgical salvage where necessary and has no greater occurrence of post-treatment lymph node metastases than surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Ovarian tumours in childhood: a 27-year review.

Twenty-five children treated for ovarian neoplasms at the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill,Glasgow, between 1947 and 1974 are reported. Eight of the patients had malignant tumours and 17 benign. The patients with benign tumours were treated by either salpingo-oophorectomy or oophorectomy. The malignant cases were treated with either surgery alone or in combination with deep X-ray therapy and/or chemotherapy. Two patients died of malignant teratoma, but the remaining 6 with malignant teratoma, dysgerminoma or endodermal sinus are well. The management of these patients is discussed.

Adolescent↗