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P Salerno

Publications and source records attributed to P Salerno.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Opinions and attitudes on oral cancer in a sample of students attending a state secondary school in Rome. A pilot study].

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate knowledge and awareness in a group of secondary school students on the subject of risk factors and strategies used in the prevention of oral cancer. METHODS: The study took the form of a questionnaire which was filled in by a group of 106 secondary school students. The questionnaire was divided into 3 sections: the first analysed the general characteristics of the sample population; the second investigated their knowledge on the specific subject of this study; the last regarded exposure to risk factors and the role played by the dentist and family doctor in the prevention of oral cancer. RESULTS: Of the 106 students taking part in the study, 42% were male and 58% female. 30% of the group felt it was not possible to prevent cancer in general. 6% associated cigarette smoking with oral cancer, whereas 15% identified alcohol as a risk factor for the same pathology. 30% of the group thought that it was not possible to prevent oral cancer. In the event of a suspected oral lesion, 44% would consult the family doctor, 25% would go to the dentist and 3% to a dental technician. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the need improve knowledge of prevention methods in oral cancer. Although young people do not have a high risk of developing oral cancer, they represent a means of conveying information in a social and familial context, thus enabling an early diagnosis, and they also represent the preferred target for primary prevention activities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Is it necrotizing enterocolitis, microcolon of prematurity, or delayed meconium plug? A dilemma in the tiny premature infant.

Failure of a small premature newborn to adequately evacuate meconium for days or weeks has been attributed to "probable necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)" or "microcolon of prematurity." The authors present an unusual type of "meconium plug syndrome" with the same clinical picture, seen in tiny premature babies (500 to 1,500 g), which required a contrast enema or Gastrografin upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series to evacuate the plugs. The obstruction resolved. Twenty babies (480 to 1,500 g) presented with the same clinical picture without any x-ray suggestion of NEC; contrast enemas were performed because of the suspicion of meconium plug syndrome. All 20 had extensive meconium plugs that were evacuated by the enema or by a Gastrografin UGI series. Most of them improved after the plugs were passed. These infants differ from typical full-term babies with meconium plug syndrome in a number of ways: (1) many of the mothers were on magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) or had eclampsia; (2) the plugs were diagnosed late rather than shortly after birth; and (3) the plugs were significant, extending to the right colon. The authors believe that when a tiny premature baby has findings consistent with meconium plug syndrome, the baby should be transported to radiology, for a Gastrografin enema, despite the difficulties involved. Delay postpones the start of feedings, and increases the number of radiographic studies.

Contrast Media↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anti-HBV vaccination and continuing education of health personnel: proposal for a priority index in various hospital units].

This work defines an "hazard index of unit" for the occupational transmission of the HBV to the aim to establish the priorities in the activity of promotion of the hepatitis B vaccine turned to health personnel. It has been estimated the prevalence of the potentiality infecting for the HBV in patients coming to various unit and the cover immunization against HBV in personnel and used the incidence of exposures to biological risk, always reported to the single units, found in the within of the activity of the Committee of Control of the Hospitals infections in our hospital. The analysis evidences three areas to risk: infectious diseases, general surgery and obstetrics and gynecology.

Containment of Biohazards↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Accessibility and quality to health social services in Italy for the patients with rare diseases: the opinion of associations].

This paper concerns the first phase of a study about the perception of social and health needs of people with rare diseases. The study was performed by the National Center for Rare Diseases at the Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità - ISS). The project wants to be an example of collaboration between the research and the association worlds. Responsible of Associations of Patients and their relatives were asked their opinion about the accessibility and quality of important features of health and social services (accessibility and quality of diagnostic, pharmacological, psychological and rehabilitative interventions, social support, school and vocational training, information that was given to relatives). An ad hoc questionnaire was developed through focus groups. The questionnaire was completed by 108 associations (26,5% of the associations thar are recorded in the ISS database). Average scores showed satisfaction only for some variables and a negative gradient north-south was observed. The most frequent complaints were about information, quality of school and job training services and availability of psychological support. The study showed an high level of dissatisfaction with availability, quality and integration health and social services.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of female serum antisperm antibodies on in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

Twenty-nine women with serum antisperm antibodies underwent in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Half the oocytes from each patient were treated with patient-serum-supplemented medium with antibodies (medium A), and the other half with donor-serum-supplemented medium without antibodies (medium B). In 9 cases the antibodies were against the sperm head and these showed a significant difference in the number of embryos obtained between the two media (p = 0.001): 10.5% of fertilization of type 3 and/or 4 oocytes with medium A and 81.2% with medium B. A lower rate resulted also when the antibodies were against the middle and main portion of the tail, but fertilization did not seem to be affected when they were directed against the tail tip. No definite conclusions are possible, however, since the number of cases studied was too small.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

One year's experience with the GIFT method.

From January 1985 to December 1985 we have performed 83 GIFTS for various indications such as unexplained infertility, immunological problems, endometriosis, male factor, fimbrial pathology. In 82 women out of 83, oocytes and sperm have been transferred and 31 pregnancies (37.8%) have been obtained. Twelve women have delivered 17 babies; 11 pregnancies are ongoing, 7 have been interrupted by an abortion and 1 by a tubal pregnancy. The present and future roles of GIFT in the treatment of infertility is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT): a new technique for the treatment of unexplained infertility.

The Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer (GIFT) was carried out in 12 couples with unexplained infertility, in 2 cases with infertility associated with mild endometriosis, in 1 case of hostile mucus and 3 cases in which phymosis of the ampulla and/or periadnexal adhesions were previously identified. In 7 couples GIFT was carried out after several AID cycles for husband azoospermia or severe oligospermia. Three different protocols were used for the controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. In all cases an adequate follicular growth was obtained and mature oocytes were recovered. At first attempt 12 ongoing pregnancies (1 triplet, 1 twin) were obtained with a present pregnancy rate of 48%.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sleep in progressive supranuclear palsy].

Nocturnal sleep was poligraphycally recorded in three male patients aged 54-67, with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). All patients suffered from insomnia. In case 1 REM sleep was markedly reduced and spindles were less numerous than in normal subjects. In cases 2 and 3, EEG patterns were not distinguishable from those observed when the patients were awake. Sleep, therefore, was recognized only by constant observation of the patients. As seen in the literature EEG changes during sleep can be correlated to the severity of the clinical picture and the stage of evolution of the disease. EEG patterns of sleep in PSP are similar to those reported in patients with presenile dementia.

Aged↗