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Biomedical subjects

P Salvi

Publications and source records attributed to P Salvi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Determinants of arterial stiffness in an apparently healthy population over 60 years.

Arterial stiffness assessed by the pulse wave velocity (PWV), a non-invasive and reproducible method, predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The main determinants of arterial stiffness are well established in younger and middle-aged populations, but much less in the elderly. The aim of this study was to describe the determinants of arterial stiffness in elderly apparently healthy subjects. The study included 221 voluntary subjects born before 1944 (mean age 67.4+/-5.0 years), who had a standard health check-up at the 'Centre de Médecine Préventive' of Nancy. Arterial stiffness was evaluated by measuring the carotid-femoral PWV with the PulsePen automatic device. Clinical and biological parameters were evaluated at the same day. Measurements were valid and analysed in 207 subjects (94 women). Mean PWV was 9.39+/-2.64 m/s. Men showed higher PWV values than women (9.99+/-2.56 vs 8.66+/-2.56, P<0.001). In univariate analysis, PWV was correlated with age (r=0.26, P<0.001) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (r=0.40, P<0.001), and these relationships were similar in men and women. Subjects with hypertension (P<0.001), diabetes mellitus (P<0.001) and obesity (P<0.01) had higher values of PWV. In multiple regression analysis, PWV correlated positively and independently with age, male gender, MAP and diabetes mellitus. In conclusion, in an apparently healthy elderly population, the main determinants of arterial stiffness are the age, MAP, diabetes and gender. Our study also shows that the gender-related differences in arterial stiffness observed in middle-aged subjects are maintained in the elderly.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1997

Taste sensitivity to PTC and thyroid function (FT4 and TSH) in high- and low-altitude Kirghiz populations in the Pamir.

PTC taste sensitivity distribution, determined using the Harris and Kalmus method, and analysis of thyroid activity using FT4 and TSH hormone assays were studied in a sample of 108 high-altitude subjects (3200 m) and in 90 lowlanders (900 m) from two different regions of Kirghizstan (Central Asia). All subjects were healthy Kirghiz males. In agreement with other available data on Kirghiz populations, a higher nontaster frequency was found in the high-altitude subjects. Furthermore, the results of our study indicate no association between thyroid function, PTC sensitivity, and age in both samples. No difference in thyroid function indicators was noted between highlanders and lowlanders.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Heterogeneity of the arterial tree in essential hypertension: a noninvasive study of the terminal aorta and the common carotid artery.

The diameter and the stiffness of the distal portion of the abdominal aorta and of the common carotid artery were evaluated noninvasively in 72 subjects with mild to moderate hypertension by comparing 39 normotensive controls of same age and sex distribution. For each arterial segment, pulsatile changes of diameter were determined by a newly described echotracking technique and pulse pressure was evaluated by applanation tonometry and oscillometric methods. In both territories, distensibility of hypertensive subjects was significantly reduced but compliance was reduced only at the aortic level. Diastolic diameter was increased at the carotid but not at the aortic site. Multiple regression analysis indicated that whereas compliance and distensibility were strongly influenced by BP in the terminal aorta, age was the predominant factor influencing carotid arterial stiffness. Following 30 days of converting enzyme inhibition, the decrease of BP was associated with a normalisation of aortic compliance and distensibility whereas no change was observed at the site of the carotid artery. The study provides evidence that the response of the arteries to the changes of BP differ in the various parts of the arterial tree. This factor may influence the drug effect produced by chronic converting enzyme inhibition.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The blood rheological and microcirculatory changes in the hypertensive patient].

The authors examined the microcirculatory system alterations which are present in case of arterial hypertension. These alterations consist of an increase in capillary peripheral resistances and in total blood viscosity, of a reduction in red cell deformability and of a vasomotion alteration. The authors evaluated the opportunities of a therapeutic intervention with hypotensive treatments also affecting the microcirculatory system in hypertensive patients with or without associated diabetes mellitus.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1989

[Capillaroscopy and diabetic microangiopathies].

Using conjunctival capillaroscopy, the authors studied 40 diabetic patients during glycemic decompensation. The capillaroscopic test, after all metabolic control tests, was repeated 1 and 3 months later and demonstrated improved microcirculation in 10 patients, and proved that therapeutic control is possible during the progression of diabetic microangiopathy.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1985

Osmotic fragility of erythrocytes, cell deformability and secondary hyperparathyroidism in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

The possible relationship between erythrocyte (RBC) function and secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) was examined in 35 uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Mechanical tests (i.e., osmotic fragility and deformability) were used to assess RBC function. Secondary HPT was evaluated by means of serum biochemistry (parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase) and radiographic examinations (X-ray films of the hand skeleton). Sixteen sex and age-matched normal volunteers acted as controls. This study shows that the mechanical properties of RBC were indeed markedly altered in hemodialysis patients when compared with controls. No significant correlations between either the osmotic fragility or the deformability of RBC and the hematochemical changes associated with secondary HPT were found. No differences in RBC function tests were found as far as the activity (alkaline phosphatase) or the severity (X-ray findings) of secondary HPT are concerned. Effective treatment of secondary HPT by either pharmacological means (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) or surgical removal was not associated with consequent improvement in RBC function. These findings clearly speak against secondary HPT as a major cause of RBC dysfunction in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Red blood cell deformability and secondary hyperparathyroidism in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

The possible relationship between red blood cell (RBC) deformability and secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) in 23 patients on maintenance hemodialysis was examined. Secondary HPT was evaluated by means of serum biochemistry (parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase) and radiographic examinations. This study showed that RBC deformability is markedly reduced in hemodialyzed patients when compared with normal controls. No significant correlation between RBC deformability and the hematochemical changes associated with secondary HPT was found. No difference in RBC deformability was observed as far as the activity (alkaline phosphatase) and the severity (radiographic findings) of secondary HPT are concerned. Effective treatment of secondary HPT by either pharmacological means (1 alpha, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol therapy) or surgical removal was not associated with consequent improvement in RBC deformability. It is concluded that secondary HPT is probably not a major factor influencing RBC deformability in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Blood filterability in cerebral vascular disease].

The aim of this paper is to test whether an alteration of blood flow in microcirculation and in particular of red cell deformability is present in cerebrovascular insufficiency. To this end we determined by the method proposed by Reid and Dormandy (J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1976, 29, 855) whole-blood filterability in 31 patients with cerebrovascular disease, in 15 clinically healthy subjects and in 99 subjects without clinical evidence of ischemic pathology displaying one or more vascular risk factors. Blood filterability turned out to be significantly lower in cases of cerebrovascular disease than in the controls (p less than 0,001), while data about presence of risk factors in cerebrovascular insufficiency and in controls are almost overlapping. Reduction of blood filterability in cerebrovascular disease may therefore be attributed directly to the risk factors associated to the disease, which can significantly reduce red cell deformability. Further we didn't find any significant correlation between blood filterability and levels of fibrinogen, platelets, triglycerides and cholesterol in blood.

Blood↗
PubMed1983

[Blood filterability in peripheral obstructive arterial disease].

The aim of this paper is to test whether an alteration of blood flow in microcirculation and in particular of red cell deformability is present in chronic arterial occlusive disease. To this end we determined by the method proposed by Reid and Dormandy (J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1976, 29, 855) whole-blood filterability in 18 patients with peripheral vascular disease, in 15 clinically healthy subjects and in 99 subjects without clinical evidence of ischemic pathology displaying one or more vascular risk factors. Blood filterability turned out to be significantly lower in cases of arterial disease that in the controls (p less than 0,001), and we found a constant reduction of blood filterability with the increase of number of risk factors. Comparison of the results obtained in arteriopatics and in controls displaying risk factors shows that though risk factors have an important impact on blood filterability, their presence alone is not enough to explain the reduction of blood filterability which, risk factors being equal, in vascular disease is always significantly lower than in controls. We also found a significant correlation between levels of fibrinogen and reduction of blood filterability.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Blood filterability in ischemic heart disease].

The aim of this paper is to test whether an alteration of blood flow in microcirculation and in particular of red cell deformability is present in myocardial ischaemia. To this end we determined by the method proposed by Reid and Dormandy (J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1976, 29, 855) whole-blood filterability in 23 patients with myocardial ischaemia, in 15 clinically healthy subjects and in 99 subjects without clinical evidence of ischemic pathology displaying one or more vascular risk factors. Blood filterability turned out to be significantly lower in cases of coronary diseases than in controls (p less than 0,001), while it was lower but not significantly so, than in subjects displaying risk factors. We conclude therefore that the presence of risk factors is enough important to be considered one of the fundamental elements (though non the only one) in causing the reduction of blood-filterability encountered in ischemic cardiopathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Changes in blood filterability induced by risk factors for cardiovascular disease].

Our research was aimed at testing the role of the main cardiovascular risk factors in modifying the blood flow in microcirculation and in particular red cell deformability. To this end we determined by the method proposed by Reid and Dormandy (J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1976, 29, 855) whole-blood filterability in 15 smokers, 18 diabetics, 14 hypertensives, 16 dislipidemics, without clinical evidence of ischemic pathology and with negative vascular pathology anamnesis. In diabetics, hypertensives and dislipidemics blood filterability turned out to be significantly lower (p less than 0,001) that in 15 controls. In smokers it was also lower, although in a less significant way.

Blood↗
PubMed1983

[Hyperlipemia and erythrocyte filterability].

The erythrocyte filterability was examined in 30 patients presenting identical values of fibrinogen and polymorphonuclear leucocytes (10 patients had normal values of lipemia, cholesterol and triglycerides and in the other 20 patients one or more of these parameters were altered). In the first group filterability values were homogeneous, while in the second group they were higher and widely dispersed. A close proportionality between the reduced filterability rate and cholesterolemic values was also found.

Cholesterol↗