Biomedical subjects

P Sangsupawanich

Publications and source records attributed to P Sangsupawanich.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2007

A randomized comparison of dexamethasone 0.15 mg/kg versus 0.6 mg/kg for the treatment of moderate to severe croup.

BACKGROUND: Although previous studies have shown that dexamethasone is useful in croup, the optimal dosage has not been clarified yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of dexamethasone 0.15 mg/kg single dose compared with the recommended dose of 0.6 mg/kg for treatment of hospitalized children with moderate to severe croup. METHOD: Forty-one children aged 6 months to 5 years admitted from March 2001 to October 2003 at the pediatric ward of Hatyai Hospital with moderate to severe croup were recruited for the study. After random allocation, each child received a single intravenous injection of either dexamethasone 0.6 mg/kg (maximum dose 12 mg) or 0.15 mg/kg (maximum dose 3 mg). All children were given a single dose of epinephrine nebulization at the beginning of the study. The croup scores were measured at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 h after the dexamethasone injection. RESULTS: One hour following the injection, the mean croup scores were significantly reduced from baseline values in both groups (p<0.01). There was no difference in the mean croup scores between the two groups at any time. Median times to croup scores equal or less than two in both high- and low-dose groups were 8 and 7.9 h, respectively. No patient required intubation or was removed from the study because of a rising croup score after enrollment. There was no significant adverse reaction from dexamethasone treatment in either group. CONCLUSION: Dexamethasone 0.15 and 0.6 mg/kg are equally effective in the treatment of moderate to severe croup.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗

PubMed2006

Endotoxin levels in rural Thai and urban Singaporean homes.

BACKGROUND: Exposure to dust endotoxin and allergens in early childhood may influence the development of allergic diseases. AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate dust endotoxin and dust mite allergens in urban Singapore and rural Thai homes of young children and study potential environmental influences. METHODS: Mattress dust endotoxin and Der p 1, Der f 1, group 2 (Der f 2 and Der p 2) and Blo t 5 allergen levels were quantified in 101 infant mattress dust samples, 51 from urban Singapore and 50 from rural Thailand. Comprehensive questionnaires on the home environment and cleaning practices were completed. RESULTS: Endotoxin levels in rural Thailand were significantly higher than in urban Singapore (geometric mean 26,334.12 +/- 4.60 and 18,377.85 +/- 2.52 endotoxin units/g, respectively; p = 0.032). In contrast, higher levels of Der f 1 (p = 0.02), group 2 (p < 0.01) and Blo t 5 (p < 0.01) allergens were found in Singapore homes compared with rural Thai homes. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the use of detergents (p = 0.001) and disinfectants (p = 0.024) to clean floors and mattress protectors (p = 0.021) were independently associated with lower endotoxin levels. CONCLUSION: Endotoxin levels are higher in rural compared with urban homes in South East Asia. The reverse was true for dust mite allergen levels. Certain identifiable home environmental conditions and practices accounted for the differences in endotoxin levels.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗

PubMed2000

Partial mattress encasing significantly reduces house dust mite antigen on bed sheet surface: a controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: The most effective measure in house dust mite antigen reduction is mattress encasing with an impermeable membrane. A reduction in encasing costs will help increase patients' compliance in mite antigen avoidance. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of partial mattress encasing with a nylon sheet produced in Thailand on the reduction of group I mite antigens from beddings. METHODS: Sixty regularly-used beds from the house officers' dormitory of the Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University, Thailand, were randomly matched into two groups according to mite antigen levels. The control group (CG) used only regular cotton bed sheets whereas the partial encasing group (PG) used mattresses partially covered with a locally produced nylon sheet underneath the regular cotton bed sheets. Dust collection from the beddings was performed at baseline, 2, 4 and 6 months after application of the nylon sheet. Mite antigen levels were detected by a two step monoclonal antibody ELISA. RESULTS: Mite antigen levels in both groups were not different at the beginning of the study. The PG had significantly lower group I antigen levels on regular bed sheet surfaces than the CG (P < .004) at the 2, 4 and 6 month timepoints. However, antigen levels on the mattress surface of the PG was significantly higher than the CG at the end of the study (P < .004). The barrier efficacy of the nylon sheet in preventing migration of group I mite antigens from the mattress to the surface of the regular cotton bed sheet was 94% whereas that of the regular cotton bed sheet was 66% (P = .007). CONCLUSION: Partial mattress encasing with a locally made nylon sheet can reduce mite antigens on the regular cotton bed sheet surfaces for up to 6 months.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Evaluation of three methods for using the Duotip-Test device for skin testing.

The sensitivity and precision of rotation, prick and puncture methods of using the Duotip-Test for epicutaneous allergy skin testing were evaluated. Forty-one volunteers who had not taken any antihistamines within the previous two weeks were recruited. The mean age was 21.6 years (range 18 to 25 years). Histamine hydrochloride 1 mg/ml and 50% glycerol saline were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Each method of testing was performed in triplicate on the volar surface of both forearms. Wheal and flare were measured 15 minutes later. Rotation, prick and puncture methods produced histamine mean wheal diameter +/- standard deviation of 6.61 +/- 0.87 mm, 3.86 +/- 1.03 mm, and 3.00 +/- 0.65 mm, respectively (p < 0.01). The coefficient of variation of rotation method was 13.13%. It was the only method that gave coefficient of variation lower than 20%. False negative and false positive proportions of rotation method using a 4 mm criterion for positive reaction were 1.5% and 0.75%, respectively. Rotation method was well accepted by the volunteers although it was ranked highest in pain. We concluded that the rotation method of using Duotip-Test is a highly reliable technique for skin testing.

Adolescent↗