Biomedical subjects

P Sautreuil

Publications and source records attributed to P Sautreuil.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

A functional evaluation of prosthetic foot kinematics during lower-limb amputee gait.

This paper reports on a functional evaluation of prosthetic feet based on gait analysis. The aim is to analyse prosthetic feet behaviour under loads applied during gait in order to quantify user benefits for each foot. Ten traumatic amputees (six trans-tibial and four trans-femoral) were tested using their own prosthetic foot. An original protocol is presented to calculate the forefoot kinematics together with the overall body kinematics and ground reaction forces during gait. In this work, sagittal motion of the prosthetic ankle and the forefoot, time-distance parameters and ground reaction forces were examined. It is shown that an analysis of not only trans-tibial but also trans-femoral amputees provides an insight in the performance of prosthetic feet. Symmetry and prosthetic propulsive force were proved to be mainly dependant on amputation level. In contrast, the flexion of the prosthetic forefoot and several time-distance parameters are highly influenced by foot design. Correlations show influential of foot and ankle kinematics on other parameters. These results suggest that prosthetic foot efficiency depends simultaneously on foot design and gait style. The evaluation, proposed in this article, associated to clinical examination should help to achieve the best prosthetic foot match to a patient.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Evaluation of physiological properties of ankle braces based on a review of the literature].

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this work was to proceed to a review of the literature to assess the physiological basis of the ankle brace use. METHOD: An analysis of the international literature relating to the years 1980-2002 was carried out by questioning the Medline data bank. RESULTS: Three hundred and twenty-two articles were collected and 25 physiological studies were retained. Various changes can occur during brace use, first of all stability parameters and proprioceptive sense. Main changes affect position sense, stiffness, mobility and stability of ankle when standing. DISCUSSION: This review of the literature allows to specify the mechanisms involved by brace use in ankle stability. Some studies allow to compare the principal devices used to stabilize the ankle (taping, semi rigid braces) but, no physiological study was able to discriminate between different orthosis models. CONCLUSION: Many studies have been conducted in the field of the physiological evaluation of ankle orthosis. When these devices are widely used in current medical practice, physiological studies do not allow to characterize a better device with a specific test. These data point out the methodological difficulties in ankle brace evaluation.

Ankle Joint↗

PubMed2004

[Evolution in prostheses for sprinters with lower-limb amputation].

For about 15 years, technical advances in prosthetic treatment have been the main factor in the increased performance of athletes with lower-limb amputation. For trans-tibial amputation, the prosthesis for sprinting is composed of a gel liner and a socket joined by a locking or virtual vacuum liner. Because of these dynamic properties, the carbon prosthetic foot equipped with tacks ensures outstanding performance. For trans-femoral amputation, a hydraulic swing and a stance control unit are added to the same prosthesis. In comparison with the able-bodied runner, athletes with amputation have smaller loading times in the prosthetic limb and larger ones in the sound limb. The length of the energy-storing prosthetic foot is determined by the "up-on-the-toes" running gait. The sprinting gait with trans-tibial amputation is almost symmetrical. The hip extensor effort is the main compensation of propulsion reduction with lower-limb amputation. With trans-femoral amputation, the lack of knee increases the asymmetry. The total prosthetic knee extension (early in late-swing phase and lasting during total stance phase) compensates with extension of both hips, especially the opposite one. The amputation and sound limb load transfer with lumbar hyperlordosis concern the pelvis, trunk and shoulders. Because of athletes with amputation, research in prosthetic treatment has progressed. The development of orthotics and prostheses for such athletes has benefited non-athletes with amputation.

Amputation, Surgical↗

PubMed2002

[Knee orthosis. Evaluation of clinical efficiency with a review of the literature].

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this work was to collect literature data to assess the knee orthosis use with controlled clinical trials. METHOD: The international literature relating to the years 1980-2000 was carried out with the Medline data bank. RESULTS: Five hundred and twelve articles were collected and 35 were retained, 32 related to clinical studies and three related to toxicity. The evaluations were performed with either functional tests or clinical studies. The open-non controlled clinical trials are far higher than prospective comparative clinical trials that were developed only during last years. Main criteria of judgement are articular stability, functional pain and clinical index. Most of studies focused the anterior cruciate ligament lesions, patellar pains and osteoarthritis. DISCUSSION: This review of the literature may help to determine the interest and the limits of orthosis use as well as side effect occurrence. Both these clinical and experimental data point out the methodological difficulties facing the investigatory clinician in knee orthosis evaluation. CONCLUSION: Many studies contributed to the clinical evaluation of the knee orthosis. This work highlights various clinical indications for the same orthosis and variable results for the same indication. These methodological difficulties may not prevent a further evaluation of these devices to improve their use in current practice.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗

PubMed2001

[Knee orthosis. First part : evaluation of physiological properties based on a review of the literature].

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this work was to proceed to a literature review to determine the physiological justifications underlying knee orthosis use in medical practice. METHOD: An analysis of the international literature relating to the years 1980-2000 was carried out with the Medline data bank. We added extra articles focusing on the validity of the protocols used in the different evaluations. RESULTS: Five hundred and twelve articles were selected and 46 articles of experimental validation were retained. The experimental protocols are divided into in vitro studies and clinical studies carried out in both healthy subject and patients. Only the in vitro experimental data allowed to reach strain values simulating traumatisms of the articular structures. They allowed to define the interest and limits of the orthosis according to articular physiology. Measurements carried out in vivo were effective to characterize the parameters of stability and proprioception and to discriminate between the orthosis. These studies correspond to experimental situations with related constraints that remain far below lesional constraints, focusing on their clinical validity. CONCLUSION: This work point out many studies focusing on the physiological characterization of the knee orthosis. This evaluation of the orthosis through a single methodology remains difficult and justifies confrontation with clinical trials data.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗