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Biomedical subjects

P Schmid

Publications and source records attributed to P Schmid.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[High spontaneous variability of ventricular arrhythmias limits the evidence gained by long-term ECG studies].

The spontaneous variability of ventricular arrhythmias was investigated in 8 patients with chronic coronary heart disease. In each patient 6 eight-hour long-term ambulatory ECG recordings were made. During the first three periods patients were without medication and during the following three periods they received a placebo b.i.d. Hour to hour variability was high in all patients. When compared with the first hour of an eight-hour period the number of ventricular premature beats (VPB) per hour in four patients declined by more than 90%, in two patients by more than 70% and in only two by less than 50%. On the other hand, increments of several hundred percent were often observed. Day to day variability of VPBs was also high. When compared with the first documented eight-hour period VPBs either decreased or increased substantially (-84% to +940%). A spontaneous reduction of VPB's for several hours may simulate an antiarrhythmic drug effect. For the group as a whole placebo had a significant effect on the number of VPBs (p less than 0.001). Beside variations of quantity, the complexity of ventricular arrhythmias (Lown classification) spontaneously changed several classes in one patient. Therefore, high spontaneous variability renders it very difficult to estimate the behaviour of ventricular arrhythmias in the individual patient with the Holter-ECG.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of biguanids on the lactate metabolism. Studies in diabetics under submaximal ergometric exercise (author's transl)].

24 diabetics without any complications were subjected to an exercise test before and after biguanid therapy. The schedule of the physical strain was a modification of the Kaltenbach diagram. Changes of lactate, pyruvate, pH-standard bicarbonate and base excess values were analysed. Additionally to antidiabetical therapy each of the 8 patients was given either metformin or buformin or phenformin now. Each one of the biguanid derivates induced a rise of the lactate level before and after the exercise test. Phenformin showed the greatest influence on the lactate metabolism, metformin the smallest. Reasons causing the lactogene effect and the quantitative differences of the biguanides are discussed.

Biguanides↗
PubMed1979

Distal 2q duplication: report of two familial cases and an attempt to define a syndrome.

Two cases of partial trisomy 2q are described, both resulting from a balanced translocation in one of the parents. In one case the chromosomes 2 and 11 were involved [paternal karyotype: 46,XY,t(2;11)(q33;q23)]; in the second case, chromosomes 2 and 8 [paternal karyotype: 46,XY, t(2;8(q32;p23)]. When the two patients were compared to the few cases reported in the literature, it was concluded that the associated clinical syndrome is characterized by severe psychomotor retardation and relatively mild abnormalities involving skull and facies.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

[Influence of centrophenoxin administered for one year in high dose on maximal oxygen consumption in aged persons (author's transl)].

The influence of centrophenoxin (meclofenoxate) administration in a high daily dosage of 3 grams has been investigated in 10 persons with a mean age of 64 throughout 12 months. The mean age of the control group was 59. The function of bone marrow and a number of indicators of renal and hepatic function has shown no harmful changes after this long term treatment with an extremely high daily dosage. To investigate a possible influence on aging we chose the oral glucose tolerance test, a test battery for pulmonary function and the maximum oxygen consumption capacity. A highly significant (2P smaller than 0,335) influence of the drug for increasing the maximum oxygen input has been found. The hypothesis is presented, that this effect is due to an increase in cardiac functional capacity. Furthermore a significant decrease in fasting glucose levels has been found, while the glucose concentration one and two hours after administration of 100 grams of oral glucose have shown no significant changes. Body weight revealed a small but significant decrease. Side effects: we found a mild gastric pain in 4 patients that disappeared after 20 minutes. 5 Patients complained of a very small increase in jitteriness.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Malignant angioblastic mesothelioma of the pericardium (author's transl)].

Report on a malignant angioblastic pericardial mesothelioma of a 43 year old woman. According to formation of typical clefts and tubes and differentiation of blood capillaries and questionable immature blood cells the pericardial boundary tissue is considered as starting zone of the tumor. The pericardial boundary tissue is derived from coelomic eqpithelium.

Female↗
PubMed1979

[Echocardiographic results in female athletes, nonathletic women and patients with arterial hypertension (author's transl)].

Echocardiographic studies and radiological measurements of heart volume were performed in 30 female track athletes, 17 female shot-putters or javelin throwers, 12 nonathletic women and 8 female patients with arterial hypertension. The following observations were made: The hearts of the female athletes undergoing endurance training were in the whole larger than the hearts of the nonathletic women, although the ratio of internal diameter to wall thickness was unchanged. There was a relative increase in the ratio wall thickness to internal left ventricular diameter in the female shot-putters and javelin throwers compared to the nonathletic females. This is interpreted as being a result of the static training imployed. In all female patients with severe arterial hypertension the heart wall thickness was increased, the internal heart diameter was dependant of the stage of the illness. Using echocardiography it is possible to draw conclusions as to the ratio wall thickness to cavity diameter. This is not possible with radiological heart volume studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Exercise tolerance of patients with artificial cardiac pacemakers (author's transl)].

In order to determine their exercise tolerance, 20 patients with artificial ventricular demand pacemakers below the age of seventy were studied by bicycle ergometry. Only 30% of the patients showed a normal exercise tolerance according to the criteria by Kaltenbach, while 70% stopped the test prematurely because of leg fatigue, dyspnoe or chest pain. In terms of their exercise tolerance, there was no difference between patients who developed normal sinus rhythm or rapid atrial fibrillation during the exercise and those who remained at the fixed pacemaker rate throughout the test. It is concluded, therefore, that the exercise tolerance of pacemaker-patients is not only limited by the fixed heart rate but mainly by the underlying heart disease (coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, hypertensive heart disease etc.) and the general physical condition of the patients. In an age-matched control group of 20 patients 50% showed a normal exercise tolerance and the duration of exercise in this group was only slightly longer (21%) than in the pacemaker-group.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Adrenalin and cardiac output in pregnancy (author's transl)].

The heart rate performance, cardiac output and catecholamine excretion were observed at rest in the ergometer test (40 min at 50 watts) in a group of 8 pregnant women whose case history and clinical record did not reveal any abnormal findings, during the course of pregnancy (20th, 28th and 36th weeks of pregnancy) as well as 2 and 12 weeks post partum. It was found that the cardiac output increased, dependent upon the heart rate, the stroke volume remaining approximately constant (max. + 60%) during pregnancy, compared with the controls post partum. There is a close linear correlation (r = 0.983) between the measured heart rates and the corresponding excretion of epinephrine (adrenalin) with the urine at rest and under load. It may be assumed that there is a causative link between the increase in secretion of catecholamine by the mother and the well-known change in cardiac output during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Echocardiographic and hemodynamic studies on the influence of verapamil in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (author's transl)].

15 patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were studied by m-mode echocardiography and 9 of them also by left heart catheterism before and after 10 mg Verpamil. The following results were obtained: 1. The systolic anterior movement (SAM) of the mitral valve was reduced (p less than 0.005), 2. the enddiastolic and endsystolic diameter were increased (p less than 0.02 and 0.05 respectively), 3. the EF-slope remained unchanged. 4. The left ventricular systolic pressure was reduced (p less than 0.025) and the gradient diminished from an average value of 58 to 34 mmHg (p less than 0.02), 5. heart rate and left ventricular enddiastolic pressure remained constant. The results of this acute study suggest a beneficial effect of Verpamil in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1979

Muscular equivalent of the lower esophageal sphincter.

In order to measure muscle thickness and to define the muscular architecture at the gastroesophageal function, both en bloc fixation and a new method of preparing dried fiber specimens were used. Specimens were obtained from 32 kidney donors and human cadavers. Wall thickness was measured at 32 identical locations in the esophagus and stomach. The oblique gastroesophageal ring (GER) was the site of greatest muscular thickness and served as a reference point. From the GER the muscle thickness tapered (P less than 0.05 to P less than 0.001) in both a cephalic (esophageal) and caudal (gastric) direction for a length of 31 mm +/- 2.5 SD. The increase in thickness was due to an increase in the muscle mass (fiber aggregation) of the inner muscle coat. The muscle bundles of this coat split up 10.2 mm +/- 3.0 SD above the GER (fixed specimen) and for a length of 25 mm +/- 8 SD formed short transverse muscle clasps on the lesser curve side. Those muscle bundles on the greater curve side formed long oblique gastric fiber loops. The angle of His was inconstant in location and distal to the uppermost gastric oblique fibers (18 mm +/- 7 SD) and to the GER (9 mm +/- 6 SD).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Surgical therapy of axial hiatal hernias and reflux disease. 1. Results of an inquiry among Swiss surgeons in 1977].

Of the 153 heads of surgical departments in Switzerland, 152 joined in an inquiry into diagnostic procedures, surgical indications, and types of procedure in the treatment of axial hiatal hernia and reflux disease. Fundoplication is by far the most frequent procedure. Of the modifications performed in complicated reflux disease, 34% are controversial. Surgery for hiatal hernia and reflux disease is performed 3 times less frequently in the German part of Switzerland than in the other parts. German-speaking surgeons ascribe to themselves a greater willingness to perform preoperative diagnostic procedures--endoscopy, radiological and non-radiological tests of esophageal function--than the surgeons of the other parts of Switzerland. However, the German-speaking surgeons are more reluctant than the other surgeons to perform surgery in patients with esophagitis. The German-speaking surgeons are even more reluctant to perform surgery on the basis of subjective symptoms. Axial hiatal hernia is considered a relative indication for surgery by half of Swiss surgeons. Only a few surgeons consider this condition an absolute indication for surgery.

Cardia↗
PubMed1978

[Epidemiology of duodenal ulcer (author's transl)].

The epidemiology of peptic ulcer was investigated in 1105 endoscopy patients in a Zurich city hospital and in a random nongastroenterological hospital population. A raised susceptibility for duodenal ulcer was found in young, mainly unskilled, foreign labourers. There was no raised susceptibility in female foreign workers who also suffered less often from gastric ulcer than Swiss women. A tendency to ulceration in certain other diseases previously incriminated and in alcohol and nicotine consumers was not observed. A connection between susceptibility to ulceration and migration is assumed.

Adult↗