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Biomedical subjects

P Schyve

Publications and source records attributed to P Schyve.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Optimal methods for guideline implementation: conclusions from Leeds Castle meeting.

BACKGROUND: Quality problems in medical care are not a new finding. Variations in medical practice as well as actual medical errors have been pointed out for many decades. The current movement to write practice guidelines to attempt to correct these deviations from recommended medical practice has not solved the problem. OBJECTIVE: In order to gain greater acceptance of these guidelines and to change the behavior of health care providers, the science of guideline implementation must be understood better. RESEARCH DESIGN: A group of experts who have studied the problem of implementation in Europe and the United States was convened. This meeting summary enumerates the implementation methods studied to date, reviews the theories of behavioral change, and makes recommendation for effecting better implementation guidelines. RESULTS: A research agenda was proposed to further our knowledge of effective evidence-based implementation.

Europe↗
PubMed1999

Recommendations for incorporating palliative care education into the acute care hospital setting.

This article presents recommendations for improving the education of physicians about end-of-life care in the acute care hospital setting. The authors, who have a variety of backgrounds and represent several types of institutions, formulated and reached consensus on these recommendations as members of the Acute Care Hospital Working Group, one of eight working groups convened at the National Consensus Conference on Medical Education for Care Near the End of Life in May 1997. A recently published literature review on the status of palliative care education, a summary of recent research on education about end-of-life care, and expert opinion were helpful in developing the recommendations. The authors emphasize that the acute care setting offers many opportunities for education about care at the end of life. Faculty should support learners' appreciation of the importance of end-of-life care, and convey the meaning and privilege of attending to patients and families at this difficult time. Faculty should teach students and residents to provide care that embodies attention to the control of distressing physical, physiologic, and spiritual symptoms, appropriate awareness of patients' differing cultural backgrounds and their impact upon the experience of dying, excellent communication skills, the application of bioethical principles, timely referral and smooth transition to other care settings that meet patient and family goals, and the role of the interdisciplinary team in meeting the diverse needs of dying patients and their families.

Education, Medical, Continuing↗
PubMed1997

Joint commission evaluation of behavioral health care organizations.

The joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations has accredited behavioral health care organizations since 1957. Accredited behavioral health care organizations include organizations providing services to persons with psychiatric disorders, substance abuse disorders, or developmental disabilities/mental retardation; or, provide social services to other related populations. In the late 1980s, the Joint Commission initiated the redesign of accreditation to include performance measurement. Performance measurement initiatives include the IMSystem, Requests for Indicators, National Library of Healthcare Indicators, and a national Council on Performance Measurement. These initiatives are steps toward the integration of performance measurement data into the accreditation process.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

A model to assess the usefulness of performance indicators.

This paper describes the Perception-Action-Impact (PAI) model used for testing the usefulness of health care organization performance indicators, and reports preliminary data in support of this model. Two hundred and ninety six hospitals contributed 500,000 obstetrical cases, and responded to surveys to assess various aspects of indicator usefulness. Domains of interest that were assessed include relevance of the measures, whether the measures identified opportunities for improvement, whether the health care organization took any action in response to the data, health care organizational structure for data use, and methods for dissemination of the indicator data. Findings from this study provide support for the PAI model. Consequently, perceptions regarding the indicators apparently have a significant impact on the usefulness of the data. When action was taken in response to the indicator data, a positive impact on patient care processes and outcomes was the typical result. Additional research is needed in the areas of data dissemination effectiveness, and the impact of attitude change on the use of performance measures.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1977

Lack of effect of tricyclic antidepressants on serum prolactin levels.

A previous report indicated that the tricyclic antidepressants imipramine and amitriptyline markedly increased plasma prolactin levels in man. We found no increases after acute or chronic treatment with either drug in usual clinical doses. The results indicate that blockade of serotonin reuptake does not affect basal prolactin levels in man.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Models for relating performance measurement and accreditation.

The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations has attempted to move away from simple measures of organizational process to measures of organizational performance. As no measures of organizational performance existed, the Joint Commission was forced to embark upon a lengthy search for methodologies and technologies to measure organizational performance. In addition, an approach to the use of performance measures, which would be acceptable to the health service community, and which was compatible with the process of accreditation, had to be found.

Accreditation↗