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Biomedical subjects

P Senanayake

Publications and source records attributed to P Senanayake.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Adolescent sexual and reproductive health: the challenge for society.

Within almost all countries of the world there is a growing concern about the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents. This concern has resulted from either a real or a perceived increase in adolescent sexual activity, coupled with high rates of unplanned pregnancies, early childbearing and the transmission of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. Although many adults have difficulties in accepting young people as sexual beings, there is now a growing consensus that young people need more information and services to help them ensure their sexual and reproductive health. Many of the programmes designed to make sexual and reproductive health information and services available to young people have used 'top down' approaches, based on adult-led risk and lifestyle orientation. In such programmes, young people are often looked upon negatively, in terms of their problems, rather than positively, in terms of their potential and capabilities. This article argues that a focus on the negative aspects of adolescent sexual and reproductive health means that young people are seen as collections of discrete problems. Furthermore, such approaches tend to view all young people as one homogeneous group when in reality adolescents are an enormously diverse group, not only in terms of age and gender, but also in terms of ability and beliefs. Such approaches therefore fail to address the vulnerabilities of particular young people and fail to contextualize sexual health within a wider framework of young people's lives. A challenge for the next century is to move away from focusing on risks, towards embracing needs and rights, and to involve young people in identifying issues and developing solutions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Women and reproductive health in a graying world.

Gender differences in longevity suggest that the health problems in both developed and developing countries will largely be the problems of older women. As life expectancy increases, the important causes of death and ill health change. Older women's health issues and reproductive health needs are different from those of younger women. Biological susceptibility to various conditions also differs between the sexes. Monitoring of differences in incidence can better direct preventive efforts and contribute to improving the quality of life for aging women worldwide.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1999

A new model for collaboration--making emergency contraceptives available in developing countries.

Private/public-sector collaboration in contraceptive research and development offers a fresh opportunity to consider a holistic approach to making emergency contraception (EC) available in developing countries. Emergency contraception has been available since the 1970s but has remained under-utilized. Emergency contraception may be used by women who want to prevent a pregnancy and therefore has a specific use, in a specific situation. This paper highlights the distinct and reciprocal advantages of a collaborative approach between the Consortium for Emergency Contraception (the public sector) and a pharmaceutical company (the private sector), to the introduction of EC in developing countries. The importance of cultivating a public/private-sector collaborative approach, which serves the interests of both parties concerned, in order to foster progress in this important initiative, is highlighted.

Contraceptive Agents, Female↗
PubMed1999

Family planning perspectives at the beginning of the next century.

Looking back over the past 40 years or so, family planning has indeed been the success story of development; it has made an extraordinary difference to the lives of tens of millions of women. Globally speaking, the unmet needs for family planning and reproductive health still exist. Meeting these challenges would require better and improved methods of contraception, addressing issues such as sexually transmitted infections, unsafe abortions, cultural, religious, legal and political barriers. Better utilization of communication channels and investment in 'human capital'--informing people, opening a dialogue to reach consensus for action, are crucial. Finally, changes at policy and administrative level, including improvements in financial and human resource management, and making family planning and reproductive health programs sustainable will be important as we move into the 21st century.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Post-abortion family planning.

In many countries, reproductive health services do not actively include post-abortion family planning services for women who are treated for complications of unsafe abortion. This greatly increases the risk of further unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions. The authors, drawing on the recommendations of a meeting of experts, make a plea for bridging the gap and dealing more realistically with this urgent need.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1994

Contraception by the end of the 20th century--the role of the voluntary organizations.

The formation and activities of several voluntary organizations (non-governmental organizations or NGOs) are described. They were formed in response to the social needs arising from the vast population changes in the last century. Many of them have undertaken active roles in the introduction or improvement of various forms of contraception. They have an urgent need for more funds in order to pursue their activities. Even a small diversion of money from other uses would permit the development of several new, safe and effective contraceptive methods acceptable to men and women in all countries of the world.

Contraception↗
PubMed1984

Problems of adolescent sex.

Four issues concerning adolescent sexuality are reviewed--the counselling needs of teenagers, the risks of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, the controversy over contraception for adolescents, and the consequences of pregnancy in adolescence--in terms of their effect on the adolescent as an individual, and on the community of which he/she belongs. The need for services specifically designed for adolescents is stressed, demonstrating that many of the "problems" of adolescent sex can be successfully addressed through comprehensively planned and executed programmes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Sterilization-associated deaths: a global survey.

Except for data from several geographically limited studies, little is known globally about the number and causes of death associated with surgical sterilization. To identify clinical characteristics and problems leading to deaths related to the procedures, the International Planned Parenthood Federation ( IPPF ) and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in the United States collaborated in a global mail survey of 4642 physicians. Usable responses were received from 1298 physicians (28%) in 80 countries. Fifty-five sterilization-associated deaths which occurred from January 1, 1980 to June 30, 1982 were reported. The most frequently reported causes of death were infection, anesthetic complications, and hemorrhage. There were some regional differences in the relative frequencies of these causes. Most cases did not involve surgical accident. The characteristics most frequently associated with the reported fatal procedures were: interval sterilizations, minilaparotomy incision, tubal ligation and general anesthesia. Most deaths were attributable to the surgical sterilization procedure.

Adolescent↗