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Biomedical subjects

P Soundararajan

Publications and source records attributed to P Soundararajan.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Effect of Aerva lanata on calcium oxalate urolithiasis in rats.

Calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone was induced in rats using 0.75% of ethylene glycol in drinking water for 28 days. Ethylene glycol treated rats showed significant increase in the activities of oxalate synthesizing enzymes such as glycolic acid oxidase (GAO) in liver and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in liver and kidney. CaOx crystal deposition, as indicated by increased excretion of stone-forming constituents in urine, such as calcium, oxalate, uric acid, phosphorus and protein and decreased concentration of inhibitors, such as citrate and magnesium was observed in ethylene glycol induced urolithic rats. Histopathological studies also confirmed the deposition of CaOx crystals. Administration of Aerva lanata aqueous suspension (2g/kg body wt/dose/day for 28 days) to CaOx urolithic rats had reduced the oxalate synthesizing enzymes, diminished the markers of crystal deposition in the kidney. The results of the present study confirmed that A. lanata can be used as an curative agent for urolithiasis.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed2005

Neuroprotective properties of cultured neural progenitor cells are associated with the production of sonic hedgehog.

Numerous studies have shown that abnormal motor behavior improves when neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are transplanted into animal models of neurodegeneration. The mechanisms responsible for this improvement are not fully understood. Indirect anatomical evidence suggests that attention of abnormal motor behavior is attributed, at least in part, to the secretion of trophic factors from the transplanted NPCs. However, there is little direct evidence supporting this hypothesis. Here we show that NPCs isolated from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of neonatal mice are highly teratogenic when transplanted into the neural tube of developing chick embryos and are neuroprotective for fetal dopaminergic neurons in culture because they release sonic hedgehog (Shh). In addition, the neuroprotective properties of NPCs can be exploited to promote better long-term survival of transplanted fetal neurons in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. Thus, cultured NPCs isolated from the SVZ can secrete at least one potent mitogen (Shh) that dramatically affects the fate of neighboring cells. This trait may account for some of the improvement in motor behavior often reported in animal models of neurodegeneration after transplantation of cultured NPCs that were isolated from the SVZ.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Parathyroid hormone and biochemical profile in chronic kidney disease patients in South India.

Renal osteodystrophy is an important complication of chronic kidney disease characterized by abnormal bone turnover with varied bone histologic changes. Etiology is multifactorial including abnormalities of serum calcium, phosphorus, and 1,25(OH)(2)-vitamin D deficiency; secondary hyperparathyroidism; age; cause of kidney disease; diet; renal replacement therapy; and drug therapy. In addition, there is evidence that there may be ethnic differences. Our study is a description of a case series of hormonal and biochemical abnormalities of bone disease in end-stage renal disease patients in South India. A total of 115 patients were studied; 86% were on hemodialysis and 14% were on peritoneal dialysis (age, 47.31 +/- 14.66 years). Sixty-eight percent were men. Diabetes was the cause of end-stage renal disease in 29.5%. Intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) level was 124.6 +/- 174.9 pg/mL and less than twice normal in 69.5% of patients. Hypocalcemia was present in 16.5% and hyperphosphatemia in 35.7% of patients. Empirical vitamin D was prescribed in 40% of patients. Age, sex, diabetic status, and vitamin D use were similar in patients with high PTH (130 pg/mL) and low PTH levels (< 130 pg/mL). Bone histologic studies were not performed owing to economic limitation. But the biochemical and hormonal results are suggestive of a mild form of osteodystrophy in Indian patients. Etiology remains uncertain but differences in dietary intake, tropical climate, vitamin D activation, vitamin D receptor polymorphism, parathyroid gland sensitivity, and PTH target organ sensitivity may account for the difference in pattern in bone disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Blastocystis hominis--an emerging cause of diarrhoea in renal transplant recipients.

Blastocystis hominis is an intestinal protozoan that is emerging as an important cause of diarrhea in the immunosuppressed population. We report two cases of diarrhea caused by this organism in renal transplant recipients. The infection was diagnosed promptly by careful stool examination and treated successfully with metronidazole. These case report highlights the fact that unusual parasites like Blastocystis hominis should be looked for and treated in cases of diarrhea occurring in renal transplant recipients. This reduces the rate of post-transplant morbidity and mortality.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A simple and practical method for assessing the adequacy of hemodialysis.

The authors plotted the values of the postdialysis/predialysis blood urea nitrogen ratio, R, of 104 functionally anephric maintenance hemodialysis patients against the Kt/V values that had been derived from a single-pool, variable-volume, urea kinetic modeling method. When the R value was less than or equal to 0.4, the Kt/V value was consistently greater than or equal to 1.0. Maintaining an R value below 0.4 would ensure that Kt/V would never be less than 1.0. When a Kt/V value of greater than 1 is desired, an R value of less than 0.4 should be the goal.

Blood Urea Nitrogen↗