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Biomedical subjects

P Stocks

Publications and source records attributed to P Stocks.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumour of the testis.

Five cases of large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumour of the testis not associated with complex dysplastic syndromes are reported. The age of the patients ranged from 13 to 34 years and all the tumours were histologically similar, having large, isomorphic, non-mitotic, eosinophilic Sertoli cells with foci of calcification. Flow cytometry demonstrated the cells to be diploid or hypodiploid. All cases were positive for vimentin and focally positive for low molecular weight keratin. The present cases, together with a review of the 22 previously reported tumours, demonstrate that there are two clear cut types of large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumour; those which are associated with complex dysplastic syndromes and which are bilateral and multifocal, and those which are not associated and are unilateral and focal. Prognosis in all of our cases was uniformly good despite invasion of the rete testis in two cases. It is considered that conservative resection of the tumour is the treatment of choice in cases not associated with complex dysplastic syndromes, since the malignancy rate is low.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Catamenial haemoptysis: a rare cause.

Since the first report of pulmonary endometriosis as a cause of catamenial haemoptysis all cases have been assumed to be due to pulmonary endometriosis, even in the absence of histopathological proof. A case is presented where the histological findings were of a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Mortality from cancer and cardiovascular diseases in the county boroughs of England and Wales classified according to the sources and hardness of their water supplies, 1958-1967.

Relative rates of proportionate mortality from cancer of six sites based on total cancer deaths and the proportions expected in all towns, and from four types of cardiovascular disease based on total deaths from all causes, have been related in the 80 county boroughs of England and Wales to the sources of water supply and to the average hardness of water in the towns. The sources of water, from upland surfaces, artesian wells and rivers, were classified in eight groups, and significant associations were found for cancers of the stomach, oesophagus, prostate, male bladder and female breast, and for hypertensive and chronic rheumatic heart disease. No associations were apparent with intestinal cancer, vascular disease of the nervous system or arteriosclerotic heart disease. Hardness or softness of the water was classified in seven groups and significant associations were found for the same diseases as for source of water, none being evident for coronary disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1972

Urban variation in infant mortality from birth injury and atelectasis in England and Wales in 1958-67.

Variations in mortality attributed to birth injury and atelectasis in the 10 years 1958-67 have been investigated for each county borough of England and Wales. It became evident that diagnostic difficulties in separating these two causes must have been such that for statistical purposes they should be combined in a single rate.Variables likely to affect the local rates such as the sex ratio of births, and rates of illegitimacy and immaturity as an ill-defined cause of death appeared to affect the mortality levels in certain towns but not sufficiently to account for the wide variations apparent in those levels. It is concluded that local surveys are necessary in the towns with highest rates to uncover differences in numbers of births in hospital, in obstetric techniques and in quality of medical care.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1971

Multiple sclerosis distribution in England and Wales and parts of Europe.

Scotland and Ireland have the highest death rates from multiple sclerosis and high rates are recorded in an area extending south-eastward from Britain through central Europe. The rates tend to diminish with rising latitude and longitude. In England and Wales the county boroughs with notably high rates during 1958-67 were mostly textile towns with cotton and wool mills, situated in the area recording the lowest average levels of sunshine. In the London area mortality from multiple sclerosis was high in those western boroughs and adjacent counties most exposed to the noise of aircraft using the airports of London. The geographical pattern in England suggests that noise and vibration of particular kinds may be a factor in causation along with a climatic factor, but this hypothesis is speculative until further evidence is found to support it.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1970

Cancer mortality in relation to national consumption of cigarettes, solid fuel, tea and coffee.

Comparison between the age-adjusted death rates in 1964-65 from cancers of different sites and the annual consumption of cigarettes, solid fuel, tea and coffee as measured by trade statistics in 20 countries reveals the existence of significant correlations.Cigarette consumption per adult in the population is positively related with lung and bladder cancer in males and insignificantly with lung in females. Negative relations are indicated with the liver and biliary passages, prostate and uterus.Solid fuel is positively related with the intestine, lung and bladder in both sexes, with leukaemia in males and with breast in females. Nagative associations are indicated with the stomach.Tea is positively related with intestine except rectum in both sexes and with larynx, lung and breast in females. Negative associations are indicated with the stomach in both sexes and with uterus and leukaemia in females.Coffee is positively related with the pancreas, prostate and leukaemia in males and with ovary and leukaemia in females.Specially noteworthy were the contrasts between the intestine and stomach in their associations with solid fuel, cigarettes and tea for which a possible explanation has been suggested.

Australia↗
PubMed1970

Breast cancer anomalies.

The death rate from breast cancer among females in England and Wales which had been falling during 1951-59 at ages before 45 increased from 1960 to 1967; and at ages 45-64 there has been a progressive increase ever since 1955. Regional rates at the early ages were considerably higher in Greater London than in the north until 1961, but the difference then gradually disappeared; and at higher ages an excess in the south over that in the north and Wales has persisted at ages 45-64.Whilst the total mortality from breast and uterine cancers combined has shown little regional variation, the proportion of breast cancer in the total has been consistently higher in the south than in the north, and possible implications of this are discussed. Breast cancer rates in the regions are positively associated with the dietary intake per person of butter, cheese, liquid milk and green vegetables but this in itself does not prove a causative connection.

Adult↗
PubMed1969

Heart disease mortality in cities of Latin America and in cities and regions of England and Wales.

Death rates from heart disease in cities and regions of England and Wales, based on death certificates for 1963, are compared with death rates from the same causes in 10 Latin American cities, San Francisco, USA, and Bristol, England, derived from the Inter-American Investigation of Mortality which obtained histories and clinical records of fatal illnesses for the years 1962-64 by a sampling method. Death rates in Bristol derived from the 2 sources showed an agreement close enough to justify comparisons between official rates for England and Wales and the data for the Latin American cities.Comparing standardized death rates for males in the Latin American cities with those for the corresponding populations in the English conurbations and cities, the ratio for coronary disease was found to be 0.4; for other degenerative heart disease it was 1.0; for hypertensive heart, 2.2; for other heart disease, 1.5. The corresponding ratios for females were: 0.55, 1.0, 3.0, and 1.7, respectively. When the hospital regions of England and Wales were included, a geographical pattern could be seen, particularly for males, the highest rates for coronary and degenerative heart disease being found in northern England and the lowest rates in central and western cities of Latin America. For hypertensive and other heart disease the pattern was different.Standardized sex ratios for total heart disease mortality at ages from 45 to 74 years in 30 countries are largely affected by the proportions of deaths attributed to arteriosclerotic and degenerative disease but they suggest that geography, country of origin and possibly climate are also factors that differentially affect the sexes and, in consequence, affect the sex ratios.

Adolescent↗