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Biomedical subjects

P Svendsen

Publications and source records attributed to P Svendsen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Endovascular treatment of a spinal arteriovenous malformation in a 21-month-old boy.

Reports of spinal arteriovenous malformations in children are rare. This case report describes a 21-month-old boy whose first symptom was attacks of abdominal pain, followed gradually by neurological symptoms. The diagnosis was made using magnetic resonance imaging and spinal angiography, and the patient was successfully treated with embolization.

Aortography↗
PubMed1994

Duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion in pigs is accompanied by compensatory changes in pancreatic and biliary HCO3- secretion.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of stimulation and inhibition of duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion on pancreatic and hepatic bicarbonate secretion in response to acid. METHODS: The effect of inhibition (indomethacin) or stimulation (misoprostol) of duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion on pancreatic and biliary bicarbonate secretion in response to intraduodenal infusion of HCl or intravenous infusion of secretin was studied in anaesthetized pigs. RESULTS: The hepatic and pancreatic response to exogenous secretin was not significantly altered by stimulation/inhibition of duodenal bicarbonate secretion. However, pancreatic and biliary bicarbonate secretion in response to duodenal acidification was significantly augmented by inhibition of duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion; conversely, it was reduced by stimulation of duodenal bicarbonate secretion. The increase in plasma secretin levels in response to duodenal acidification was reduced by stimulation and augmented by inhibition of duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion. CONCLUSIONS: Duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion can serve as a modulator of both pancreatic and biliary bicarbonate secretion in response to luminal acidification, possibly through regulation of the release of secretin.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1994

Instillation of alcohol into venous malformations of the head and neck.

Vascular malformations are errors of vascular morphogenesis, and must be differentiated from vascular tumours such as haemangiomas, because the natural history and treatment are different. Vascular malformations may be arteriovenous with high blood flow, or venous with low blood flow. Venous vascular malformations grow among soft tissues and are difficult to delineate at operation. Direct puncture under fluoroscopy with injection of contrast medium is one method of visualising the cavities of a venous malformation. Instillation of concentrated alcohol directly into such cavities is a possible treatment. Forty-four patients with venous malformations of the head or neck have been treated since 1984, of whom 31 responded to a follow up questionnaire. Twenty-three responded to injection of ethanol alone, and eight also required reconstructive surgery; 26 of the 31 described the result as "good" or "excellent" (84%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Spinal arteriovenous malformations. Health-related quality of life after embolization.

The overall function, pain and mood disturbances of 19 patients with spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVM), treated by embolization between 1983 and 1988, were studied. The after-care had taken place in different hospitals and clinics. The patients demonstrated markedly poorer physical function (Sickness Impact Profile) and poorer psychological well-being (Mood Adjective Check List) than control population samples and a comparison group of traumatic incomplete paraplegics. The degree of decrease of mood levels implied possible depressive disorder (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale) in 16% of the patients and differed from that of the paraplegic comparison group. Furthermore, the AVM patients reported more disturbance of their family and social life than the paraplegics and they were more seldom gainfully employed. Patients recorded a wide range of pain scores, significantly worse than the paraplegics, and their pain was closely linked to overall quality of life (QL) perception. The QL scores were consistently related to all measures of functional and emotional status, but no connection with neurological lesion levels or medical complications was found. Specialised programmes after embolization, such as those offered in spinal injury units, would appear appropriate for AVM patients to improve their physical functioning and to provide a more rewarding social life.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

Redistribution of lymphocytes after cortisol administration.

Major surgical procedures awake an endocrine metabolic stress response characterized by increased secretion of cortisol and lymphopenia. The purpose of this study was to clarify to which tissues the lymphocytes are redistributed after cortisol administration. Lymphocytes were isolated from 16 rabbits, labelled with indium-111-tropolone and reinjected into the rabbits. Eight of the rabbits received 25 mg of cortisol intravenously (group I), while eight received isotonic saline (group II). The redistribution of lymphocytes was imaged with a gamma camera and calculated by a connected computer before and two, four, and seven h after cortisol or saline administration. The radioactivity of cells from the spleen and bone marrow decreased to 84% and 56% of the initial values seven h after cortisol administration. The activity of the lymphatic tissues increased to 121% of initial values. It is concluded that during cortisol-induced lymphopenia the lymphocytes are redistributed from peripheral blood, spleen and bone marrow to lymphatic tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Relative importance of pancreatic, hepatic, and mucosal bicarbonate in duodenal neutralization of acid in anaesthetized pigs.

Pancreatic and hepatic bicarbonate secretion and the disappearance rate of acid during duodenal acidification were measured simultaneously in anaesthetized pigs. Perfusion of the duodenum with HCl resulted in an increase in both hepatic and pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. During all acid loads hepatic bicarbonate secretion was significantly greater than pancreatic secretion. Furthermore, the disappearance rate of acid in the duodenum during diversion of both bile and pancreatic juice was significantly greater than the amount of acid which could be neutralized by the concomitant pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. Diversion of pancreatic juice from the duodenum did not affect the disappearance rate of acid at any acid load, whereas diversion of bile caused a significant decrease. Thus, in the anaesthetized pig the liver and the duodenal mucosa are of greater importance than the pancreas for the neutralization of acid in the duodenum. It is suggested that the importance of the pancreatic contribution to duodenal neutralization should be reevaluated in other species, including man.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

The redistribution of lymphocytes during adrenaline infusion. An in vivo study with radiolabelled cells.

Adrenergic activation is known to occur in sepsis and after major surgery or trauma. An elevated serum concentration of adrenaline is followed by lymphocytosis in peripheral blood even in splenectomized patients. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the redistribution of lymphocytes in the tissues during adrenaline infusion. Lymphocytes were isolated from 24 rabbits, labelled with indium-111-tropolone and reinjected into the rabbits. The next day the rabbits were anaesthetized. Eight rabbits received 3 micrograms of adrenaline i.v. followed by 0.2 micrograms/min, eight received 300 micrograms of adrenaline i.v. followed by 20 micrograms/min, while eight received a saline infusion and served as a control group. The activity of labelled cells was imaged with a gamma camera and computer before, during and after adrenaline infusion. The activity of the spleen decreased to 90% and 94% of initial values during low and high doses of adrenaline. The activity of the bone marrow decreased to 91% and 96%, respectively, while the activity of the heart/lung and the liver increased to 107% and 106% with the high dose of adrenaline. In peripheral blood the lymphocytes increased 10%. It is concluded that lymphocytes are redistributed from spleen and bone marrow to peripheral blood, lungs and liver during adrenaline infusion in this animal model.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Pancreatic, hepatic, and duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion during infusion of secretin and cholecystokinin. Evidence of the importance of hepatic bicarbonate in the neutralization of acid in the duodenum of anaesthetized pigs.

The effect of infusion of secretin alone or in combination with cholecystokinin (CCK) on pancreatic, hepatic, and duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion was studied in anaesthetized pigs. After laparotomy, catheters were inserted into the common bile duct, the pancreatic duct, and both ends of the duodenum. Pancreatic, hepatic, and duodenal mucosal secretions were collected during intraportal infusion of increasing doses of secretin, either alone or in combination with CCK. During infusion of secretin in doses that caused physiologic increases in plasma secretin concentrations the liver produced significantly more bicarbonate than the pancreas. A physiologic dose of CCK augmented the effect of secretin on both hepatic and pancreatic bicarbonate secretion, but the hepatic production of bicarbonate was still larger than the pancreatic production. Neither secretin alone nor secretin combined with CCK caused any changes in duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion. These results suggest that the liver plays an important role in the neutralization of acid in the duodenum.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

In vivo and in vitro antibacterial activity of conglutinin, a mammalian plasma lectin.

Conglutinin is a mammalian C-type lectin which agglutinates iC3b-coated erythrocytes. Ingram [13] found that euglobulin from bovine serum may confer partial protection against experimental infections in mice. We now present evidence that the protective activity in euglobulin against infections of BALB/c mice with Salmonella typhimurium is mediated by conglutinin. Conglutinin also demonstrated antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. typhimurium in vitro. The expression of this activity required the presence of heat-labile serum factors and peritoneal exudate or spleen cells, but not antibodies to the bacteria. Antibacterial activity was also demonstrated when the bacteria were pretreated with serum at 37 degrees C before incubation with conglutinin and cells. The activity of conglutinin was not observed when factor I-deficient or EDTA-treated serum was used instead of normal serum. The active peritoneal exudate or spleen cells showed adherence to plastic.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Spinal arteriovenous malformations: neurological aspects and results of embolization.

Twenty consecutive patients with spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) were found to have either a progressive, remitting or remitting-progressive course of disease. A characteristic progressive neurological decline was observed in 11 patients with dural fistulas and a similar decline was seen in 5 of the 9 patients with intradural AVMs. In addition to paraparesis and mixed sensory disorder, which ascended to a level of about T10, areas with spared sensation were occasionally found below this level. All cases with this progressive longitudinal myelopathy showed radiological evidence of a dilated medullary venous plexus. All patients were treated by embolization with only a low frequency of complications. Follow-up data verified a significant improvement of motor and sensory function, mainly during the first year after embolization. Cases with progressive neurological decline (dural and intradural AVMs) stopped deteriorating or improved and cases with a history of acute incidents (intradural AVMs) probably run less risk of acute deterioration.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations with bucrylate. Experience in a first series of 29 patients.

The experience with embolization of intracerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with bucrylate (isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate) in 29 patients is reported. In 9 cases (31%) less than 1/3 of the AVM nidus was occluded, in 12 (41%) 1/3 to 2/3, in 4 (14%) more than 2/3, and total occlusion was only seen in 3 cases (10%). One patient was never embolized, owing to procedure complications. At follow-up angiography in 20 patients, partial revascularization was found in 11 AVMs and further occlusion in 2. Complications occurred in 11 cases (38%). Five patients (17%) suffered from hemorrhage: 2 died, one deteriorated severely and 2 recovered. Unintentional embolization or edema resulted in neurologic deficits in 6 patients (21%), permanent in 3 and reversible in 3. Symptomatic improvement was initially found in 13 patients (45%) but was stable only in 9. In 9 patients (38%) embolization was followed by elective surgery or irradiation. The best results were obtained in small and medium-sized AVMs (less than 6 cm) while there was a high risk of complications and an uncertain palliative effect in large AVMs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Involution of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma with intracranial extension. A case report with computed tomographic assessment.

In September 1979 the patient, a man born in 1964, noticed pain and swelling of the right cheek in combination with periods of epistaxis. A computed tomographic scan revealed a tumor extending from the middle of the right nasal cavity into the right maxillary antrum and up toward the orbital floor with destruction of the medial and lateral walls of the antrum and continuing into the sphenoid sinus on the right side and dorsal to the pterygoid process up under the base of the skull. Angiography showed arterial supply mainly from the right external carotid artery, but also from the right internal carotid artery and the left external carotid artery. The process was diagnosed as a juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. In spite of two attempts at resection of the tumor and arterial embolization, the tumor progressed intracranially. Further operative attempts were decided against, and the patient was followed with repeated computed tomographic scans. The tumor eventually became involuted; eight years after the initial diagnosis, there was no evidence of computed tomographic scans of intracranial growth of the tumor.

Adult↗