Effect of long-term storage on human plasma osteocalcin level.
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Drug Stability↗
Biomedical subjects
P Tarallo
Publications and source records attributed to P Tarallo.
Reference limits of plasma fibrinogen.
Fibrinogen is considered to be a strong predictor and independent factor of cardiovascular diseases. The data presented here describe the baseline measurements of fibrinogen in 1008 apparently healthy subjects, aged 4-60 years and their relationship to age, sex, body weight, smoking, alcohol, and use of oral contraceptives. Pearson's correlations and a linear multiple regression model were used. Plasma fibrinogen was measured kinetically in a photometer, the Behring Chromotimer, using the CTS-fibrinogen method. There were neither statistical difference between girls and boys aged 4-20 years nor correlation with variables related to cardiovascular diseases. In adults, we found an increase of plasma fibrinogen concentration with age and no statistical difference between men and women, except in subjects aged 40-50 years. There was a positive correlation between fibrinogen and ponderal index. In women aged 20-30, 30-40, 40-50 and 50-60 years, the mean fibrinogen concentrations increased of 0.009, 0.021, 0.010 and 0.015 g/l for one percent of overweight, in each subgroup respectively. In women aged 20-30 years using oral contraceptives, the mean fibrinogen concentration was 0.19 g/l higher than in women not using oral contraceptives. The smoking effect was observed only in 30-40 year-old men. Each cigarette smoked per day increases of the mean fibrinogen by 0.35 g/l after standardization for ponderal index and alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption was negatively correlated to plasma fibrinogen in subjects 30-40 years old. In women, 1 g of alcohol per day induces a 0.008 g/l decrease in the mean fibrinogen while in men the decrease is 0.004 g/l.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
Avidin-biotin enzyme immunoassay of osteocalcin in serum or plasma.
We describe a competitive enzyme immunoassay, the ExtrAvidin-biotin system, for determining osteocalcin in human serum or plasma. Antibodies were raised against bovine osteocalcin. Binding of the antibodies to osteocalcin was calcium-dependent. Limit of detection is 0.07 nmol/L (0.4 microgram/L). The standard curve for method is linear between 0.3 and 17.6 nmol/L (1.9 and 100 micrograms/L). Interassay CV over the range 0.9 to 14.8 nmol/L (5.3 to 84 micrograms/L) is 7.5% to 11.7%. Analytical recovery is 105% +/- 5% (mean +/- SD). The measurement, which is adapted to microtiter plates, requires only 20 microL of serum and 5 h. The coefficient of correlation between the concentrations measured by this method and by a commercially available radioimmunoassay kit (CIS Biointernational) is 0.91. Osteocalcin can be measured in serum or heparinized plasma. Hemolysis (174 mumol/L hemoglobin) reduces osteocalcin concentration by 54%. High concentrations of triglycerides (7 mmol/L) give an overestimation of 63%. Serum concentrations of osteocalcin measured in 130 healthy subjects (ages 15-64 years) and 86 children (ages 4-14 years) were 1.4 +/- 0.8 and 4.0 +/- 1.5 nmol/L (8.1 +/- 4.6 and 22.5 +/- 8.6 micrograms/L), respectively (mean +/- SD).
Adolescent↗
Plasma osteocalcin: biological variations and reference limits.
Osteocalcin, the most abundant non-collagenous protein in the bone matrix, is partly released in blood. We have measured its concentration by a radio-immunoassay procedure in 1096 apparently healthy subjects from both sexes who came for a health screening examination. Their ages varied from 4 years to over 65 years. Venous blood was drawn in the morning from fasting subjects. Plasma osteocalcin was higher in men than in women. Its level increased significantly with age, body weight, height and bone age until age 12-13 years in girls and 14-15 years in boys. In women, osteocalcin level increased after the age of 50 years and was higher than in men. It remained constant over age 60 years in both sexes, but was higher in women. There was no effect of menstrual cycle in girls at puberty. Plasma osteocalcin did not vary with follicular and luteal phases or with the use of oral contraceptive drugs in women. The usual nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs had no effect on blood osteocalcin level. Reference limits according to age and sex are provided.
Adolescent↗
[Evaluation of the Coulter Counter S+IV LMG: estimation of the leukocyte formula. Comparison with microscopic methods].
The evaluation of a differential count instrument of the Coulter S+line, the S+IV LMG Coulter-Counter, in particular for the lymphocyte, monocyte and granulocyte count was carried out. This differential analysis was compared with more classical methods of the manual (microscope) or automatic type (image analyser, Hematrack 360 type, Geometric Data). The repeatability is very good and the correlations excellent. The instrument can even detect the presence of low percentages of abnormal cells. Placement of reagents and samples at room temperature is important and the samples can be kept at room temperature for at least 9 hours without disturbing the count. In addition, energetic shaking of the samples does not change the count for the three types of cells. Due to the alarms given by the instrument as regards the cell distributions and all of the parameters of the blood cell count, no pathology should be ignored. In their laboratory, the authors note that about 25% of the smears are further examined by microscope.
Autoanalysis↗
Effect of anticonvulsant drugs on alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in human leukocytes.
The authors compared the alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl-transferase activities in leukocytes from presumably healthy subjects and from epileptic patients treated with anticonvulsants, matched for age and sex. Intraleukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity was higher in women than in men and was greatly reduced by the anticonvulsant drugs. Intraleukocyte gammaglutamyltransferase activity did not vary with sex and was unaffected by the anticonvulsant drugs contrary to findings for the activity of this enzyme in plasma and liver.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
[Influence of oral contraceptive agents on the concentration of amino acids in leukocytes of supposedly healthy women (author's transl)].
The concentration of amino acids has been measured in leukocytes of women taking oral contraceptive agents and also in controls. These assays were made by means of ion exchange chromatography. The amino acid pool in leukocytes was found to be smaller in those patients taking the "pill". Each amino acid concentration decreased except for taurine and glutamine. Taurine represented 64.1 percent of the pool in treated women and only 23.5 percent in controls. Glutamine represented 9.5 percent of the pool in patients and 3.7 percent in controls.
Adult↗
Influence of glucose and inhibitors of glycolysis on release of total proteins and enzymes from human leukocytes.
We studied the influence of substrates and glycolysis inhibitors on the release of proteins and enzymes from human leukocytes. We show the relationship between metabolic level and percentage of enzyme release. Leukocyte kept alive in a nutrient-free bicarbonate medium liberate enzymes even though their metabolic state is satisfactory. The addition of glucose to themedium significantly decreases this phenomenon without affecting the energy level. Addition of glycolysis inhibitors increases it, reduces the energy level, and interferes with other metabolic pathways. The results are discussed and compared to those obtained by other authors using various cell models.
Adult↗
Protein and enzyme release from human leukocytes: influence of phenothiazine derivatives.
We studied the influence of chlorpromazine on the release of enzymes (beta-glucuronidase, EC 3.2.1.31; lactate dehydrogenase, EC 1.1.1.27; pyruvate kinase, 2.7.1.40) and proteins using human granulocytes isolated and maintained at 37 degrees C. Chlorpromazine had a biphasic effect on enzyme release and the inhibition of the glycolytic pathway could be demonstrated only at high concentrations of chlorpromazine, after one hour's incubation. The NAD+/NADH ratio was significantly perturbed at all the concentrations. This effect is time dependent. The action of 4 other phenothiazine derivatives made it possible to establish a relationship between their physico-chemical properties and protein release. The results are compared with those from other studies using other biological materials.
Antipsychotic Agents↗
Quantitative determination of granulocytic amino acids in healthy men and women.
The concentration of the amino acids has been determined in granulocytes from healthy men and women by chromatographic analysis on ion-exchanging resins. Except taurine, ornithine and aspartic acid, the concentrations of all the amino acids are greater in the cells isolated from women. The most variable amino acids are alanine, valine, metionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine and histidine. Taurine represents 50% of the pool determined from men, whereas for women it represents only 25%.
Adult↗
Comparison of procedures for extracting free amino acids from polymorphonuclear lekocytes.
We studies five methods for extracting amino acids from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Both the use of cell lysis and of a deproteinizing agent interfere with quantitative determination of the amino acids, basic amino acids being the most sensitive to the extraction procedure. Among the methods used, disruption of the cells by freezing-thawing is the best method for extracting all the amino acids. Taurine is the only amino acid extracted in the same amount by all the methods studied, and it represents half of the intracellular pool.
Adult↗
Amino acid analysis by ion-exchange chromatography using a lithium elution gradient. Influence of methanol concentration and sample pH.
The separation of amino acids has been achieved on a short column of Chromo-Beads C2 resin, with a lithium gradient-elution system. The analysis took 8 h. The separation of asparagine and glutamine from glutamic acid was highly dependent on the sample pH and on the methanol concentration in the first buffer of the gradient. The method has been applied to analysis of human plasma and granulocytes for amino acids.
Amino Acids↗
[Alpha-mercapto-propionyl-glycine in the treatment of acute viral hepatitis].
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Adolescent↗
[Enzyme and protein release from human granulocytes: effect of ATP].
The authors study the proteins and enzymes release of resting and phagocytosing human leukocytes suspended in Krebs-Ringer-Phosphate milieu containing or not glucose. They measure the metabolic level and the percentage of enzymes release and show the influence of ATP on this phenomenon. These results are in favour of a direct action of ATP on the cellular membrane.
Adenosine Triphosphate↗